m10u2
edi∙tion / iˈdiʃn /
◙ noun
1. the form in which a book is published
• 版本(出版形式):
»a paperback / hardback edition
平装/精装本
»She collects first editions of Victorian novels.
她收集维多利亚时代的初版小说。
»the electronic edition of 'The Guardian'
《衞报》的电子版
2. a particular newspaper or magazine, or radio or television programme, especially one in a regular series
• (报纸、杂志的)一份；(广播、电视节目的)一期,一辑:
»Tonight's edition of 'Panorama' looks at unemployment.
今晚这辑《全景》探讨的是失业问题。
3. (abbr. ed.) the total number of copies of a book, newspaper or magazine, etc. published at one time
• (书、报、杂志等的)一版印刷总数,版次:
»The dictionary is now in its sixth edition.
本词典现在是第六版。
»The article appeared in the evening edition of 'The Mercury'.
这篇文章刊登在《信使报》的晚间版上。
--› see also limited edition
--› compare impression (7)
re∙tire / riˈtaiə(r) /
◙ verb
›› FROM JOB 工作
1. ~ (from sth) | ~ (as sth) to stop doing your job, especially because you have reached a particular age or because you are ill / sick; to tell sb they must stop doing their job
• (令)退职；(使)退休:
▪ [V]
»She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.
她由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。
»My dream is to retire to a villa in France.
我的梦想是退休后在法国住上一栋别墅。
»He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
他还不打算从杂志编辑的位子上退休。
»The company's official retiring age is 65.
公司正式的退休年龄为 65 岁。
▪ [VN]
»She was retired on medical grounds.
她由于健康原因被安排退休了。
›› IN SPORT 体育运动
2. ~ (from sth) to stop competing during a game, race, etc., usually because you are injured
• (因伤)退出(比赛等):
▪ [V]
»She fell badly, spraining her ankle, and had to retire.
她摔得很重,扭伤了脚踝,只好退出比赛。
▪ [V-ADJ]
»He retired hurt in the first five minutes of the game.
比赛才开始五分钟,他就因伤退场。
›› FROM / TO A PLACE 地点
3. (formal) to leave a place, especially to go somewhere quieter or more private
• 离开(尤指去僻静处):
»The jury retired to consider the evidence.
陪审团退庭对证据进行评判。
»After dinner he likes to retire to his study.
晚饭后,他喜欢躲到书房里去。
›› OF ARMY 军队
4. [V] (formal) to move back from a battle in order to organize your soldiers in a different way
• 撤离,撤退(以进行休整)
›› GO TO BED 睡觉
5. [V] (literary) to go to bed
• 睡觉；就寝:
»I retired late that evening.
那天晚上我睡得晚。
›› IN BASEBALL 棒球
6. [VN] to make a player or team have to stop their turn at batting
• 使(击球员、击球方)出局:
»He retired twelve batters in a row.
他一连使十二个击球手出局。
pen∙sion¹ / ˈpenʃn /
--› see also pension ²
◙ noun
• an amount of money paid regularly by a government or company to sb who is considered to be too old or too ill / sick to work
• 养老金；退休金；抚恤金:
»to receive an old-age / a retirement pension
领养老金/退休金
»a disability / widow's pension
残疾/遗孀抚恤金
»a state pension
国家抚恤金
»to live on a pension
靠退休金生活
»to take out a personal / private pension
获得个人/私人抚恤金
»a pension fund
退休金基金
◙ verb
【PHR V】
◘ ˌpension sb 'off (especially BrE) əusually passive]
• to allow or force sb to retire and to pay them a pension
• 准许某人退休,强迫某人退休(并发给养老金):
»He was pensioned off and his job given to a younger man.
他被迫退休,工作交给了一个年轻一些的人。
»(informal, figurative) That car of yours should have been pensioned off years ago.
你那辆汽车早就该报废了。
◙ pen∙sion² / ˈp<ɪMG src="81126.gif" align=top>sj<ɪMG src="81126.gif" align=top>; NAme p<ɪMG src="6ˈˈˌ126.gif">ˈsjoun / noun
• (from French) a small, usually cheap, hotel in some European countries, especially France
• (欧洲,尤指法国的)廉价小旅店
--› see also pension ¹
hur∙ri∙cane / ˈhʌrikən; NAme ˈhə:rəkən; -kein /
◙ noun
• a violent storm with very strong winds, especially in the western Atlantic Ocean
• (尤指西大西洋的)飓风:
»hurricane-force winds
飓风级大风
»Hurricane Betty is now approaching the coast of Florida.
飓风贝蒂正在逼近佛罗里达海岸。
--› compare cyclone , typhoon
tough / tʌf /
◙ adj. (tough∙er, tough∙est)
›› DIFFICULT 困难
1. having or causing problems or difficulties
• 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的:
»a tough childhood
苦难的童年
»It was a tough decision to make.
那是个很难做的决定。
»She's been having a tough time of it (= a lot of problems) lately.
她最近的日子一直很难熬。
»He faces the toughest test of his leadership so far.
他面临迄今为止对自己的领导工作最严峻的考验。
»It can be tough trying to juggle a career and a family.
要事业家庭两不误,有时会很艰难。
›› STRICT / FIRM 严格；坚定
2. ~ (on / with sb / sth) demanding that particular rules be obeyed and showing a lack of sympathy for any problems or suffering that this may cause
• 严厉的；强硬的；无情的:
»Don't be too tough on him—he was only trying to help.
别对他要求过严,他只是想帮忙。
»It's about time teachers started to get tough with bullies.
现在教师该对横行霸道的学生开始采取严厉措施了。
»The school takes a tough line on (= punishes severely) cheating.
学校对作弊行为的惩罚很严厉。
【OPP】 soft
›› STRONG 强壮
3. strong enough to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations
• 坚强的；健壮的；能吃苦耐劳的；坚韧不拔的:
»a tough breed of cattle
健壮型的牛
»He's not tough enough for a career in sales.
他干推销这一行缺少足够的韧劲。
»She's a tough cookie / customer (= sb who knows what they want and is not easily influenced by other people).
她是个有主见的人。
4. (of a person 人) physically strong and likely to be violent
• 剽悍的；粗暴的；粗野的:
»You think you're so tough, don't you?
你以为自己够厉害的,是不是？
»He plays the tough guy in the movie.
他在电影中扮演硬汉。
›› MEAT 肉
5. difficult to cut or chew
• 难切开的；嚼不烂的；老的
【OPP】 tender
›› NOT EASILY DAMAGED 不易损坏
6. not easily cut, broken, torn, etc.
• 坚固的；不易切开(或打破、撕破等)的:
»a tough pair of shoes
一双结实的鞋子
»The reptile's skin is tough and scaly.
这种爬行动物的皮肤坚韧并带有鳞屑。
›› UNFORTUNATE 不幸
7. ~ (on sb) (informal) unfortunate for sb in a way that seems unfair
• 不幸的；倒霉的:
»It was tough on her being dropped from the team like that.
她就这样被队里刷了下来,真是倒霉。
»(ironic) 'I can't get it finished in time.' 'Tough!' (= I don't feel sorry about it.)
"我无法按时完成。" "活该倒霉！"
♦ tough∙ly adv.
♦ tough∙ness noun [U] 【IDIOMS】
◘ (as) tough as old 'boots | ◘ (as) tough as 'nails
(informal)
1. very strong and able to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations
• 很强壮；坚韧不拔；雷打不动
2. not feeling or showing any emotion
• 铁石心肠；不为所动
◘ tough 'luck
(informal)
1. (BrE) used to show sympathy for sth unfortunate that has happened to sb
• (表示同情)倒霉,不走运:
»'I failed by one point.' 'That's tough luck.'
"我差一分没及格。" "运气真不好。"
2. (ironic) used to show that you do not feel sorry for sb who has a problem
• (表面上同情)多么倒霉:
»'If you take the car, I won't be able to go out.' 'Tough luck!'
"如果你把车开走,我就出不去了。" "多倒霉啊！"
--› more at act n., going n., hang v., nut n., talk v.
◙ noun
• (old-fashioned, informal) a person who regularly uses violence against other people
• 粗暴的人；暴徒；恶棍
◙ verb
【PHR V】
◘ ˌtough sth∽'out
• to stay firm and determined in a difficult situation
• 坚持；捱过:
»You're just going to have to tough it out.
你只好硬着头皮撑到底了。
slip / slip /
◙ verb (-pp-)
›› SLIDE / FALL 滑；倒
1. [V] ~ (over) to slide a short distance by accident so that you fall or nearly fall
• 滑倒；滑跤:
»She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg.
她在冰上滑倒把腿摔断了。
»As I ran up the stairs, my foot slipped and I fell.
我上楼梯时失脚摔倒了。
›› OUT OF POSITION 脱离位置
2. [V , usually +adv. / prep.] to slide out of position or out of your hand
• 滑落；滑离；脱落:
»His hat had slipped over one eye.
他的帽子滑下来遮住了一只眼睛。
»The fish slipped out of my hand.
鱼从我手里溜掉了。
»The child slipped from his grasp and ran off.
他一把没抓牢,让那孩子跑掉了。
»(figurative) She was careful not to let her control slip.
她小心翼翼,不让自己失控。
›› GO / PUT QUICKLY 快速地走/放置
3. [V +adv. / prep.] to go somewhere quickly and quietly, especially without being noticed
• 悄悄疾行；溜
【SYN】 creep :
»She slipped out of the house before the others were awake.
她趁别人还没醒,溜出了房子。
»The ship slipped into the harbour at night.
船在夜间悄然进港。
»(figurative) She knew that time was slipping away.
她知道时间在飞逝。
4. to put sth somewhere quickly, quietly or secretly
• 迅速放置；悄悄塞；偷偷放
▪ [VN +adv. / prep.]
»Anna slipped her hand into his.
安娜悄悄把手伸过去,让他握住。
»I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech.
我设法在讲话中穿插了几个笑话。
»I managed to slip in a few jokes.
我设法穿插了几个笑话。
▪ [VNN VN]
»They'd slipped the guards some money.
他们悄悄塞给衞兵一些钱。
»They'd slipped some money to the guards.
他们悄悄塞给衞兵一些钱。
›› BECOME WORSE 变差
5. [V] to fall to a lower level; to become worse
• 下降；退步；变差:
»His popularity has slipped recently.
近来他已不如过去那样受欢迎。
»That's three times she's beaten me—I must be slipping !
她已经赢了我三回了——我一定是退步了！
›› INTO DIFFICULT SITUATION 陷入困境
6. [V +adv. / prep.] to pass into a particular state or situation, especially a difficult or unpleasant one
• 陷入,进入(困难或不愉快的处境):
»He began to slip into debt.
他开始欠债了。
»The patient had slipped into a coma.
病人陷入昏迷状态。
»We seem to have slipped behind schedule.
我们好像已经赶不上日程安排了。
›› CLOTHES ON / OFF 穿/脱衣服
7. [+adv. / prep.] to put clothes on or to take them off quickly and easily
• (迅速且容易地)穿上,脱下:
▪ [V]
»to slip into / out of a dress
麻利地穿上/脱掉连衣裙
▪ [VN]
»to slip your shoes on / off
登上/脱了鞋
»He slipped a coat over his sweatshirt.
他将一件外衣披在长袖套衫上。
›› GET FREE 摆脱
8. to get free; to make sth / sb / yourself free from sth
• 摆脱；挣脱；松开；放走:
▪ [VN]
»The ship had slipped its moorings in the night.
那艘船在夜间漂离了停泊处。
▪ [V-ADJ]
»The animal had slipped free and escaped.
那头动物挣脱逃跑了。
▪ [also VN-ADJ] 【IDIOMS】
◘ let 'slip sth
• to give sb information that is supposed to be secret
• 泄露；无意中说出:
»I happened to let it slip that he had given me £1 000 for the car.
我一不小心说出了他花 1 000 英镑买走我那辆车的事。
»She tried not to let slip what she knew.
她尽量不把她所知道的事泄露出去。
◘ let sth 'slip (through your fingers)
• to miss or fail to use an opportunity
• 错过(机会)；失去(机会):
»Don't let the chance to work abroad slip through your fingers.
这个出国工作的机会你可不要错过。
◘ slip your 'mind
• if sth slips your mind, you forget it or forget to do it
• 被遗忘
◘ ˌslip one 'over on sb
•(informal) to trick sb
• 欺骗；愚弄
◘ slip through the 'net
• when sb / sth slips through the net, an organization or a system fails to find them and deal with them
• 漏网；被漏掉:
»We tried to contact all former students, but one or two slipped through the net.
我们试图同所有的校友取得联系,但有一两个未能找到。
--› more at gear n., tongue n. 【PHR V】
◘ ˌslip a'way
• to stop existing; to disappear or die
• 消失；消亡；死去:
»Their support gradually slipped away.
他们逐渐失去支持。
◘ ˌslip 'out
• when sth slips out, you say it without really intending to
• 无意中说出(或泄露):
»I'm sorry I said that. It just slipped out.
抱歉,我说了这样的话。这不过是无意中说出口的。
◘ ˌslip 'up (informal)
• to make a careless mistake
• 疏忽；不小心出差错:
»We can't afford to slip up.
我们疏忽不得。
--› related noun slip-up
◙ noun
›› SMALL MISTAKE 差错
1. a small mistake, usually made by being careless or not paying attention
• 差错；疏漏；纰漏:
»He recited the whole poem without making a single slip.
他一字不差地背诵了全诗。
--› see also Freudian slip
--› note at mistake
›› PIECE OF PAPER 纸
2. a small piece of paper, especially one for writing on or with sth printed on it
• 纸条；便条；小纸片:
»I wrote it down on a slip of paper.
我把它记在一张纸条上。
»a betting slip
赌注单
--› see also payslip
›› ACT OF SLIPPING 滑跤
3. an act of slipping
• 滑跤；滑倒；失脚:
»One slip and you could fall to your death.
一失脚,你就会摔死。
›› CLOTHING 衣服
4. a piece of women's underwear like a thin dress or skirt, worn under a dress
• 衬裙
›› IN CRICKET 板球
5. a player who stands behind and to one side of the batsman and tries to catch the ball; the position on the field where this player stands
• (击球员后侧的)守场员；守场员所站的位置
◘ give sb the 'slip
•(informal) to escape or get away from sb who is following or chasing you
• 摆脱某人的追踪；甩掉某人的跟踪
◘ a 'slip of a boy, girl, etc.
•(old-fashioned) a small or thin, usually young, person
• 小男孩(或女孩等)；瘦男孩(或女孩等)
◘ a slip of the 'pen / 'tongue
• a small mistake in sth that you write or say
• 笔误；口误:
»Did I call you Richard? Sorry, Robert, just a slip of the tongue.
我刚才是不是叫你理查德了？对不起,罗伯特,我是一时口误。
◘ there's ˌmany a 'slip 'twixt ˌcup and 'lip
•(saying) nothing is completely certain until it really happens because things can easily go wrong
• 到嘴的鸭子也会飞走(指没有十拿九稳的事)
cater / ˈkeitə(r) /
◙ verb
• ~ (for sb / sth) to provide food and drinks for a social event
• (为社交活动)提供饮食,承办酒席 :
▪ [V]
»(BrE) Most of our work now involves catering for weddings.
我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。
▪ [VN]
»(NAmE) Who will be catering the wedding?
谁来承办婚宴？ 【PHR V】
◘ 'cater for sb / sth
• to provide the things that a particular person or situation needs or wants
• 满足需要；适合:
»The class caters for all ability ranges.
这个班对各种不同水平的人都适合。
◘ 'cater to sb / sth
• to provide the things that a particular type or person wants, especially things that you do not approve of
• 满足需要；迎合:
»They only publish novels which cater to the mass-market.
他们只出版迎合大众市场的小说。
am∙bu∙lance / ˈæmbjələns /
◙ noun
• a vehicle with special equipment, used for taking sick or injured people to a hospital
• 救护车:
»the ambulance service
救护车服务
»ambulance staff
救护车全体人员
»Call an ambulance!
叫一辆救护车！
bingo / ˈbiŋɡəu; NAmE -ɡou /
◙ noun [U]
• a game in which each player has a card with numbers on. Numbers are called out in no particular order and the first player whose numbers are all called out, or who has a line of numbers called out, wins a prize.
• 宾戈游戏(玩者均持有一张数字卡,第一个凑齐庄家喊出的全部或一组数字者胜出):
»to play bingo
玩宾戈游戏
»a bingo hall
宾戈游戏厅
◙ exclamation
• used to express pleasure and / or surprise because you have found sth that you were looking for, or done sth that you were trying to do
• (事情如愿时说)好,瞧:
»The computer program searches, and bingo! We've got a match.
电脑程序在搜索,瞧！找到匹配的了。
herb / hə:b; NAme ə:rb; hə:rb /
◙ noun
1. a plant whose leaves, flowers or seeds are used to flavour food, in medicines or for their pleasant smell. Parsley , mint and oregano are all herbs.
• 药草；香草:
»a herb garden
芳草园
»(NAmE) an herb garden
芳草园
2. (technical 术语) a plant with a soft stem that dies down after flowering
• 草本植物
sea∙gull / ˈsi:ɡʌl /
◙ noun
= gull :
»a flock of seagulls
一群海鸥
boom / bu:m /
◙ noun
›› IN BUSINESS / ECONOMY 商业；经济
1. ~ (in sth) a sudden increase in trade and economic activity; a period of wealth and success
• (贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣:
»a boom in car sales
汽车销售额的巨增
»Living standards improved rapidly during the post-war boom.
在战后那段繁荣昌盛的时期里,生活水平得到了迅速提高。
»a boom year (for trade, exports, etc.)
(贸易、出口等)兴盛的一年
»a property / housing boom
房地产/住房的迅速发展
»a chaotic period of boom and bust
经济繁荣与经济萧条交替出现的混乱时期
--› compare slump n.
--› see also baby boom
›› POPULAR PERIOD 风靡期
2. [usually sing.] a period when sth such as a sport or a type of music suddenly becomes very popular and successful
• (某种体育运动、音乐等)突然风靡的时期:
»The only way to satisfy the golf boom was to build more courses.
满足这场高尔夫球热的唯一途径是增建球场。
›› ON BOAT 船
3. a long pole that the bottom of a sail is attached to and that you move to change the position of the sail
• 帆桁
›› SOUND 声音
4. [usually sing.] a loud deep sound
• 深沉的响声:
»the distant boom of the guns
远处隆隆的炮声
--› see also sonic boom
›› IN RIVER / HARBOUR 河；港口
5. a floating barrier that is placed across a river or the entrance to a harbour to prevent ships or other objects from coming in or going out
• 水栅
›› FOR MICROPHONE 麦克风
6. a long pole that carries a microphone or other equipment
• 吊杆
◙ verb
›› MAKE LOUD SOUND 发出巨响
1. [V] to make a loud deep sound
• 轰鸣；轰响:
»Outside, thunder boomed and crashed.
外面雷声隆隆,霹雳炸响。
2. ~ (out) to say sth in a loud deep voice
• 以低沉有力的声音说话:
▪ [V speech]
»'Get out of my sight!' he boomed.
"别让我再见到你！"他低沉而有力地说。
▪ [V]
»A voice boomed out from the darkness.
黑暗中传来低沉有力的嗓音。
»He had a booming voice.
他的嗓音低沉洪亮。
›› OF BUSINESS / ECONOMY 商业；经济
3. [V] to have a period of rapid growth; to become bigger, more successful, etc.
• 迅速发展；激增；繁荣昌盛:
»By the 1980s, the computer industry was booming.
到 20 世纪 80 年代时,计算机行业迅猛发展。
»Business is booming!
生意兴隆！
mo∙bile / ˈməubail; NAme ˈmoubl /
◙ adj.
1. [usually before noun] that is not fixed in six place and can be moved easily and quickly
• 非固定的；可移动的:
»mobile equipment
可移动装备
»a mobile shop / library (= six inside a vehicle)
流动商店/图书馆
--› compare stationary
2. [not usually before noun] (of a person 人) able to move or travel around easily
• 行动方便；腿脚灵便:
»a kitchen especially designed for the elderly or people who are less mobile
专门为上了年纪或行动不便的人设计的厨房
»You really need to be mobile (= have a car) if you live in the country.
如果你住在乡村,你确实要有一辆汽车。
【OPP】 immobile
3. (of people 人) able to change your social class, your job or the place where you live easily
• 易于变换社会阶层(或工作、住处)的；流动的:
»a highly mobile workforce (= people who can move easily from place to place)
具有很强流动性的劳动力
--› see also upwardly mobile
4. (of a face or its features 脸或面部特征) changing shape or expression easily and often
• 多变的；易变的
◙ noun
1. (BrE) = mobile phone :
»Call me on my mobile.
打手机给我。
»What's your mobile number?
你的手机号码是多少？
»the mobile networks (= companies that provide mobile phone services)
移动电话网络公司
2. a decoration made from wire, etc. that is hung from the ceiling and that has small objects hanging from it which move when the air around them moves
• 风铃；(可随风摆动的)悬挂饰物
flex∙ible / ˈfleksəbl /
◙ adj.
1. (approving) able to change to suit new conditions or situations
• 能适应新情况的；灵活的；可变动的:
»a more flexible approach
更灵活的方法
»flexible working hours
弹性工作时间
»Our plans need to be flexible enough to cater for the needs of everyone.
我们的计划必须能够变通,以满足每个人的需要。
»You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach.
你的方法必须更加灵活,更富有想像力。
2. able to bend easily without breaking
• 柔韧的；可弯曲的；有弹性的:
»flexible plastic tubing
挠性塑料管
【OPP】 inflexible
♦ flexi∙bil∙ity / ˌfleksəˈbiləti / noun [U] :
»Computers offer a much greater degree of flexibility in the way work is organized.
利用计算机,工作安排可以灵活得多。
»exercises to develop the flexibility of dancers' bodies
增加跳舞者身体柔软度的训练动作
♦ flex∙ibly adv.
Ocea∙nia / ˌəusiˈɑ:niə; -ʃi-; NAme ˌouʃi- /
◙ noun [U]
• a large region of the world consisting of the Pacific islands and the seas around them
• 大洋洲
inn / in /
◙ noun
1. (old-fashioned, BrE) a pub, usually in the country and often one where people can stay the night
• (通常指乡村的,常可夜宿的)小酒店
2. (NAmE) a small hotel, usually in the country
• (通常指乡村的)小旅馆,客栈
3. Inn used in the names of many pubs, hotels and restaurants
• (用于客栈、旅馆和饭店的名称中):
»Holiday Inn
假日饭店
flesh / fleʃ /
◙ noun
1. [U] the soft substance between the skin and bones of animal or human bodies
• (动物或人的)肉:
»The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit's flesh.
捕夹深深嵌入了兔子的肉里。
»Tigers are flesh-eating animals.
虎是食肉动物。
»the smell of rotting flesh
腐肉的气味
2. [U] the skin of the human body
• (人体的)皮肤:
»His fingers closed around the soft flesh of her arm.
他握住了她柔软的手臂。
»flesh-coloured (= the colour of white people's skin)
白人肤色的
3. [U] the soft part of fruit and vegetables, especially when it is eaten
• 蔬菜的可食部份；果肉
4. the flesh [sing.] (literary) the human body when considering its physical and sexual needs, rather than the mind or soul
• 肉体；肉欲；情欲:
»the pleasures / sins of the flesh
肌肤之乐；肉欲之罪 【IDIOMS】
◘ ˌflesh and 'blood
• when you say that sb is flesh and blood, you mean that they are a normal human with needs, emotions and weaknesses
• 血肉之躯(有常人的需要、感情和缺点):
»Listening to the cries was more than flesh and blood could stand.
听这种哭喊非常人所能忍受。
◘ your (ˌown) ˌflesh and 'blood
• a person that you are related to
• 亲骨肉；亲人
◘ in the 'flesh
• if you see sb in the flesh, you are in the same place as them and actually see them rather than just seeing a picture of them
• 活生生地；亲自；本人
◘ make your 'flesh creep
• to make you feel afraid or full of disgust
• 使起鸡皮疙瘩；令人毛骨悚然；使人十分厌恶
◘ put flesh on (the bones of) sth
• to develop a basic idea, etc. by giving more details to make it more complete
• 充实；加细节于:
»The strength of the book is that it puts flesh on the bare bones of this argument.
本书的优点是对这个论点的基本事实有翔实的论述。
--› more at pound n., press v., spirit n., thorn , way n.
◙ verb
【PHR V】
◘ ˌflesh sth∽'out
• to add more information or details to a plan, an argument, etc.
• 充实(计划、论据等的内容):
»These points were fleshed out in the later parts of the speech.
这几点在演讲的后面部份已得到充实。
elect / iˈlekt /
◙ verb
1. ~ sb (to sth) | ~ sb (as) sth to choose sb to do a particular job by voting for them
• 选举；推选:
▪ [VN]
»an elected assembly / leader / representative
选出的议会/领导人/代表
»the newly elected government
新选的政府
»She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate.
她成为第一个被选进参议院的黑人妇女。
▪ [VN-N]
»He was elected (as) MP for Oxford East.
他被选为牛津东区的议员。
2. [V to inf] (formal) to choose to do sth
• 选择,决定(做某事):
»Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home nowadays.
现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。
◙ adj.
1. used after nouns to show that sb has been chosen for a job, but is not yet doing that job
• (用于名词后)当选而尚未就职的,候任的:
»the president elect
候任总统
2. the elect noun [pl.] (religion 宗) people who have been chosen to be saved from punishment after death
• 上帝的选民
swap (also swop) / swɔp; NAme swɑ:p /
◙ verb (-pp-)
1. ~ (sth) (with sb) | ~ sth for sth to give sth to sb and receive sth in exchange
• 交换(东西):
▪ [V]
»I've finished this magazine. Can I swap with you?
这本杂志我看完了。我能跟你交换一下吗？
▪ [VN]
»I swapped my red scarf for her blue one.
我用我的红围巾换了她的蓝围巾。
»Can we swap places ? I can't see the screen.
咱俩交换一下座位好不好？我看不见银幕。
»We spent the evening in the pub swapping stories (= telling each other stories) about our travels.
我们一晚上坐在酒吧里讲述各自的旅途经历。
▪ [VNN]
»I swapped him my CD for his cassette.
我拿我的激光唱片换了他的盒式磁带。
2. [V] ~ (over) to start doing sb else's job, etc. while they do yours
• 交换(工作):
»I'll drive there and then we'll swap over on the way back.
去的时候我开车,回来的时候咱俩再倒换过来。
3. [VN] ~ sb / sth (for sb / sth) | ~ sb / sth (over) (especially BrE) to replace six person or thing with another
• 用…替换；把…换成；掉换:
»I think I'll swap this sweater for six in another colour.
我想把这件毛衣换成一件其他颜色的。
»I'm going to swap you over. Mike will go first and Jon will go second.
我打算把你俩掉换一下。迈克先去,乔恩后去。 【IDIOMS】
--› see place n.
◙ noun
1. [usually sing.] an act of exchanging six thing or person for another
• 交换；掉换:
»Let's do a swap. You work Friday night and I'll do Saturday.
咱俩调个班吧。你星期五晚间上,我星期六上。
2. a thing or person that has been exchanged for another
• 交换物；被掉换者:
»Most of my football stickers are swaps.
我的足球图文标签多数都是跟别人换来的。
rent / rent /
--› see also rend v.
◙ noun
1. [U, C] an amount of money that you regularly pay so that you can use a house, etc.
• 租金:
»How much rent do you pay for this place?
你租这个地方的租金是多少？
»The landlord has put the rent up again.
房东又提高房租了。
»a month's rent in advance
预付的月租金
»a high / low / fair rent
高的/低的/合理的租金
»(BrE) a rent book (= used to record payments of rent)
租金登记簿
--› note at rate
--› compare hire n.(1)
2. [U, C] (especially NAmE) = rental (1)
3. [C] (formal) a torn place in a piece of material or clothing
• 破裂处；裂口；撕裂【IDIOMS】
◘ for rent
(especially NAmE) (especially on printed signs 尤用于告示)
• available to rent
• 出租；招租
◙ verb
1. ~ sth (from sb) to regularly pay money to sb so that you can use sth that they own, such as a house, some land, a machine, etc.
• 租用,租借(房屋、土地、机器等):
▪ [VN]
»to live in rented accommodation / housing / property
住在租来的住所里
»Who do you rent the land from?
你从谁那里租用的土地？
▪ [also V]
2. ~ sth (out) (to sb) to allow sb to use sth that you own such as a house or some land in exchange for regular payments
• 出租；将…租给:
▪ [VN]
»He rents rooms in his house to students.
他把家中的房间租给学生。
»The land is rented out to other farmers.
这片土地租给别的农民了。
»She agreed to rent the room to me.
她同意将这个房间租给我。
▪ [VNN]
»She agreed to rent me the room.
她同意租给我这个房间。
3. [VN] (especially NAmE) to pay money to sb so that you can use sth for a short period of time
• (短期)租用,租借:
»We rented a car for the week and explored the area.
我们租了一个星期的车探索这个地区。
»Shall we rent a movie this evening?
我们今天晚上租电影看好吗？
--› compare hire v. (1)
4. [V] (NAmE) to be available for sb to use if they pay a particular amount of money
• 以…出租；租金为:
»The apartment rents for $500 a month.
这套房间每月租金为 500 元。
ac∙count∙ant / əˈkauntənt /
◙ noun
• a person whose job is to keep or check financial accounts
• 会计；会计师
clerk / klɑ:k; NAmE klə:rk /
◙ noun
1. a person whose job is to keep the records or accounts in an office, shop / store etc.
• 职员；簿记员；文书:
»an office clerk
办公室职员
--› see also filing clerk
2. an official in charge of the records of a council, court, etc.
• (议会、法院等的)书记员:
»the Town Clerk
市政府书记员
»the Clerk of the Court
法院书记员
--› see also county clerk , parish clerk , clerk of works
3. (also 'sales clerk) (both NAmE) = shop assistant :
»The clerk at the counter gave me too little change.
柜枱的售货员少给我找了零钱。
4. (also 'desk clerk) (both NAmE) a person whose job is dealing with people arriving at or leaving a hotel
• 旅馆服务枱接待员
【SYN】 receptionist
◙ verb [V]
• (NAmE) to work as a clerk
• 当职员(或文书、书记员):
»a clerking job
职员工作
wait∙ress / ˈweitrəs /
◙ noun
--› see waiter
priv∙il∙ege / ˈprivəlidʒ /
◙ noun
1. [C] a special right or advantage that a particular person or group of people has
• 特殊利益；优惠待遇:
»Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.
教育应当是全民的权利而非某部份人特别享有的。
»You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership.
你可以享受俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。
2. [U] (disapproving) the rights and advantages that rich and powerful people in a society have
• (有钱有势者的)特权,特殊待遇:
»As a member of the nobility, his life had been six of wealth and privilege.
身为贵族中的一员,他过着有钱有势的生活。
3. [sing.] something that you are proud and lucky to have the opportunity to do
• 荣幸；荣耀；光荣
【SYN】 honour :
»I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸与他们再度合作。
»It was a great privilege to hear her sing.
听她唱歌真是三生有幸。
4. [C, U] (technical 术语) a special right to do or say things without being punished
• 免责特权:
»parliamentary privilege (= the special right of members of parliament to say particular things without risking legal action)
议会言论免责权
◙ verb [VN]
• (formal) to give sb / sth special rights or advantages that others do not have
• 给予特权；特别优待
【SYN】 favour :
»education policies that privilege the children of wealthy parents
特别优遇富家子弟的教育政策
numb / nʌm /
◙ adj.
1. if a part of your body is numb, you cannot feel anything in it, for example because of cold
• 麻木的；失去知觉的:
»to be / go numb
麻木；失去知觉
»numb with cold
冻僵
»I've just been to the dentist and my face is still numb.
我刚刚去看了牙医,脸上现在还没知觉呢。
2. unable to feel, think or react in the normal way
• 麻木的；迟钝的；呆滞的:
»He felt numb with shock.
他惊呆了。
--› see also numbing
♦ numb∙ly adv.:
»Her life would never be the same again, she realized numbly.
她模模糊糊地意识到她的生活不会和过去一样了。
♦ numb∙ness noun [U] :
»pain and numbness in my fingers
我的手指又疼又麻
»He was still in a state of numbness and shock from the accident.
由于这事故,他还处于麻木与震惊状态之中。
◙ verb
1. [VN] to make a part of your body unable to feel anything, for example because of cold
• 使失去知觉；使麻木:
»His fingers were numbed with the cold.
他的手指冻僵了。
2. [VN] to make sb unable to feel, think or react in a normal way, for example because of an emotional shock
• 使麻木；使迟钝
【SYN】 stun :
»We sat there in silence, numbed by the shock of her death.
我们默默地坐在那里发愣,因为她的死使我们感到震惊。
physi∙cist / ˈfizisist /
◙ noun
• a scientist who studies physics
• 物理学家；物理学研究者:
»a nuclear physicist
核物理学家
biolo∙gist / baiˈɔlədʒist; NAmE -ˈɑ:l- /
◙ noun
• a scientist who studies biology
• 生物学家
bot∙any / ˈbɔtəni; NAmE ˈbɑ:t- /
◙ noun [U]
• the scientific study of plants and their structure
• 植物学
--› compare biology (1), zoology
bio∙chem∙is∙try / ˌbaiəuˈkemistri; NAmE ˌbaiou- /
◙ noun
1. [U] the scientific study of the chemistry of living things
• 生物化学
2. [U, C] the chemical structure and behaviour of a living thing
• 生物的化学结构和特性
♦ bio∙chem∙ical / ˌbaiəuˈkemikl; NAmE ˌbaiou- / adj.
ana∙lyt∙ic∙al / ˌænəˈlitikl / (also ana∙lyt∙ic / ˌænəˈlitik / )
◙ adj.
1. using a logical method of thinking about sth in order to understand it, especially by looking at all the parts separately
• 分析的；解析的；分析性的:
»She has a clear analytical mind.
她头脑清醒,善于分析。
»an analytic approach to the problem
用分析方法处理这个问题
2. using scientific analysis in order to find out about sth
• (科学)分析的:
»analytical methods of research
分析研究法
♦ ana∙lyt∙ic∙al∙ly / -kli / adv.
bun∙ga∙low / ˈbʌŋɡələu; NAmE -lou /
◙ noun
1. (BrE) a house built all on one level, without stairs
• 平房
--› compare ranch house
2. (in some Asian countries) a large house, sometimes on more than one level, that is not joined to another house on either side
• (某些亚洲国家的)平房,独座房屋
skate∙board / ˈskeitbɔ:d; NAme -bɔ:rd /
◙ noun
• a short narrow board with small wheels at each end, which you stand on and ride as a sport
• 滑板:
»a skateboard park / ramp
滑板场/坡道
♦ skate∙board verb
▪ [V]
♦ skate∙board∙er noun
♦ skate∙board∙ing noun [U] :
»a skateboarding magazine
滑板运动杂志
tele∙scope / ˈteliskəup; NAme -skoup /
◙ noun
• a piece of equipment shaped like a tube, containing lenses , that you look through to make objects that are far away appear larger and nearer
• 望远镜:
»to look at the stars through a telescope
用望远镜观察星星
--› see also radio telescope
◙ verb
1. [V VN] to become shorter, or make sth shorter, by sliding sections inside one another
• (使)叠套缩短,叠缩
2. [VN] ~ sth (into sth) to reduce sth so that it happens in less time
• 缩短,精简,压缩(成…):
»Three episodes have been telescoped into a single programme.
三集的内容被浓缩成了一个单独的节目。
bakery / ˈbeikəri /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
• (NAmE also bake∙shop) a place where bread and cakes are made and / or sold
• 麪包(糕饼)店；麪包(糕饼)烘房；麪包厂
bo∙tan∙ic∙al / bəˈtænikl /
◙ adj.
• connected with the science of botany
• 植物学的
boˌtanical 'garden (also boˌtanic 'garden)
◙ noun [usually pl.]
• a park where plants, trees and flowers are grown for scientific study
• 植物园
drain / drein /
◙ verb
1. to make sth empty or dry by removing all the liquid from it; to become empty or dry in this way
• 排空；(使)流光；放干:
▪ [VN]
»Drain and rinse the pasta.
把通心粉过一过水。
»The marshes have been drained.
沼泽地里的水已排干。
»You will need to drain the central heating system before you replace the radiator.
你得先把中央供暖系统的水排净再更换散热器。
▪ [V]
»The swimming pool drains very slowly.
游泳池里的水排得很慢。
»Leave the dishes to drain.
把碟子控干。
2. ~ (sth) (from / out of sth) | ~ (sth) (away / off) to make liquid flow away from sth; to flow away
• (使)流走,流出:
▪ [VN]
»We had to drain the oil out of the engine.
我们必须把发动机里的机油全部放掉。
»Drain off the excess fat from the meat.
把肉里面多余的油沥掉。
▪ [V]
»She pulled out the plug and the water drained away.
她拔掉塞子,让水流走了。
»The river drains into a lake.
这条河流入湖中。
»All the colour drained from his face when I told him the news
我把这消息告诉他时他脸色变得煞白。
»(figurative) My anger slowly drained away.
我的怒火慢慢平息下来。
3. [VN] to empty a cup or glass by drinking everything in it
• 喝光；喝干: (formal)
»In one gulp, he drained the glass.
他一口喝干了杯中的水。
»She quickly drained the last of her drink.
她一下子就把最后一点儿酒喝掉了。
4. [VN] ~ sb / sth (of sth) to make sb / sth weaker, poorer, etc. by using up their / its strength, money, etc.
• 使(精力、金钱等)耗尽:
»My mother's hospital expenses were slowly draining my income.
我母亲的住院开销把我的收入渐渐耗光了。
»I felt drained of energy.
我感到筋疲力尽。
»an exhausting and draining experience
令人精疲力竭的一段经历
◙ noun
1. [C] a pipe that carries away dirty water or other liquid waste
• 下水道；排水管:
»We had to call in a plumber to unblock the drain.
我们只得叫个管子工来疏通下水道。
»The drains (= the system of pipes) date from the beginning of the century.
下水道排水系统从本世纪初就有了。
2. [C] (BrE) (US grate, 'sewer grate) a frame of metal bars over the opening to a drain in the ground
• 下水道孔盖
3. [C] (US) = plughole
4. [sing.] a ~ on sb / sth a thing that uses a lot of the time, money, etc. that could be used for sth else
• 消耗；耗竭；耗费:
»Military spending is a huge drain on the country's resources.
军费开支是对国家资源的巨大耗费。
--› see also brain drain 【IDIOMS】
◘ (go) down the 'drain
(BrE also (go) down the 'plughole) (informal)
• (to be) wasted; (to get) very much worse
• 被浪费掉；变得非常糟糕:
»It's just money down the drain, you know.
你要知道,这是白白丢钱。
»Safety standards have gone down the drain.
安全标准根本不管用了。
--› more at laugh v.
'brain drain
◙ noun [sing.]
• (informal) the movement of highly skilled and qualified people to a country where they can work in better conditions and earn more money
• (国家的)人才流失
cur∙rency / ˈkʌrənsi; NAmE ˈkə:r- /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [C, U] the system of money that a country uses
• 通货；货币:
»trading in foreign currencies
买卖外汇
»a single European currency
统一的欧洲货币
»You'll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card.
你将需要一些当地的货币现金,但也可使用信用卡。
--› see also hard currency
2. [U] the fact that sth is used or accepted by a lot of people
• 通用；流行；流传:
»The term 'post-industrial' now has wide currency.
"后工业化"这个术语现已广为使用。
»The qualification has gained currency all over the world.
这种资格在全世界都得到了普遍认可。
Rom∙any / ˈrɔməni; ˈrəum-; NAme ˈrɑ:m-; ˈroum- /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [C] a member of a race of people, originally from Asia, who travel around and traditionally live in caravans
• 吉卜赛人；吉普赛人
【SYN】 Gypsy
2. [U] the language of Romany people
• 吉卜赛语；吉普赛语
♦ Rom∙any adj. [usually before noun]
clar∙ify / ˈklærəfai /
◙ verb (clari∙fies, clari∙fy∙ing, clari∙fied, clari∙fied)
1. (formal) to make sth clearer or easier to understand
• 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清:
▪ [VN]
»to clarify a situation / problem / issue
澄清情况/问题
»I hope this clarifies my position.
我希望这能阐明我的立场。
▪ [V wh-]
»She asked him to clarify what he meant.
她要他说清楚他是什么意思。
2. [VN] to make sth, especially butter, pure by heating it
• (尤指通过加热使黄油)纯净,净化:
»clarified butter
已净化的黄油
♦ clari∙fi∙ca∙tion / ˌklærəfiˈkeiʃn / noun [U, C] :
»I am seeking clarification of the regulations.
我正在努力弄清楚这些规则。
pre∙cise / priˈsais /
◙ adj.
1. clear and accurate
• 准确的；确切的；精确的；明确的
【SYN】 exact :
»precise details / instructions / measurements
确切的细节；明确的指令；精确的尺寸
»Can you give a more precise definition of the word?
你能给这个词下个更确切的定义吗？
»I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.
我可以相当准确地说出这件事发生的时间。
--› note at true
2. [only before noun] used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way
• (强调时间或方式等)就,恰好:
»We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in.
我们正谈论着她,恰好在这个时候,她走进来了。
»Doctors found it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness.
医生们难以判定她的确切病因。
3. taking care to be exact and accurate, especially about small details
• 细致的；精细的；认真的；一丝不苟的
【SYN】 meticulous :
»a skilled and precise worker
熟练而认真的工人
»small, precise movements
细微的动作
»(disapproving) She's rather prim and precise.
她拘谨严肃,一丝不苟。 【IDIOMS】
◘ to be (more) pre'cise
• used to show that you are giving more detailed and accurate information about sth you have just mentioned
• 确切地说；准确地说:
»The shelf is about a metre long—well, 98cm, to be precise.
架子长约一米。嗯,精确地说,是 98 厘米。
coun∙cil / ˈkaunsl /
◙ noun [C + sing. / pl. v.]
1. a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county
• (市、郡等的)政务委员会,地方议会:
»a city / county / borough / district council
市/郡 / 自治市/区政务委员会
»She's on the local council.
她是地方议会的议员。
»a council member / meeting
政务委员会委员/会议
2. (BrE) the organization that provides services in a city or county, for example education, houses, libraries, etc.
• 市政(或地方管理)服务机构:
»council workers / services
市政工作人员/部门
3. a group of people chosen to give advice, make rules, do research, provide money, etc.
• (顾问、立法、研究、基金等)委员会:
»the Medical Research Council
医学研究会
»In Britain, the Arts Council gives grants to theatres.
英国的艺术委员会向剧院提供资金。
4. (formal) (especially in the past) a formal meeting to discuss what action to take in a particular situation
• (尤指旧时讨论特定步骤的)协商会议:
»The King held a council at Nottingham from 14 to 19 October 1330.
国王于 1330 年 10 月 14 日至 19 日在诺丁汉召集协商会议。
--› see also Privy Council
Gypsy (also Gipsy) / ˈdʒipsi /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
• (sometimes offensive) a member of a race of people, originally from Asia, who travel around and traditionally live in caravans . Many people prefer to use the name Romany.
• 吉卜赛人(许多人更喜欢用 Romany 这个名称)
--› see also Romany
--› compare traveller
shabby / ˈʃæbi /
◙ adj. (shab∙bier, shab∙bi∙est)
1. (of buildings, clothes, objects, etc. 建筑物、衣服、物品等) in poor condition because they have been used a lot
• 破旧的；破败的；破烂的
【SYN】 scruffy :
»She wore shabby old jeans and a T-shirt.
她穿着一条破旧的牛仔裤和一件 T 恤衫。
2. (of a person 人) badly dressed in clothes that have been worn a lot
• 衣着破旧的
【SYN】 scruffy :
»The old man was shabby and unkempt.
老头蓬头垢面,衣衫褴褛。
3. (of behaviour 行为) unfair or unreasonable
• 不公正的；不讲理的
【SYN】 shoddy :
»She tried to make up for her shabby treatment of him.
她先前待他不好,这时候想弥补一下。
♦ shab∙bily / ˈʃæbili / adv.:
»shabbily dressed
衣衫褴褛
»I think you were very shabbily treated.
要我说,你真是受大委屈了。
♦ shab∙bi∙ness noun [U]
thief / θi:f /
◙ noun (pl. thieves / θi:vz / )
• a person who steals sth from another person or place
• 贼；小偷；窃贼:
»a car / jewel, etc. thief
偷汽车、珠宝等的窃贼
--› see also theft 【IDIOMS】
--› see honour n., thick adj.
rob / rɔb; NAme rɑ:b /
◙ verb (-bb-) [VN]
• ~ sb / sth (of sth) to steal money or property from a person or place
• 抢劫；掠夺；盗取:
»to rob a bank
抢劫银行
»The tomb had been robbed of its treasures.
这座坟墓里的财宝早已被盗。 【IDIOMS】
◘ ˌrob sb 'blind
•(informal) to cheat or trick sb so that they lose a lot of money
• 骗取某人大量钱财
◘ ˌrob the 'cradle
(NAmE, informal)
• to have a sexual relationship with a much younger person
• 老牛吃嫩草,劫摇篮(指跟比自己年龄小很多的人发生性关系)
◘ rob ˌPeter to pay 'Paul
•(saying) to borrow money from six person to pay back what you owe to another person; to take money from six thing to use for sth else
• 借新债还旧账；拆东墙补西墙【PHR V】
◘ 'rob sb / sth of sth [often passive]
• to prevent sb having sth that they need or deserve
• 剥夺(某人所需或应得之物)
【SYN】 deprive :
»A last-minute goal robbed the team of victory.
最后一分钟的进球夺去了这支球队胜利的机会。
»He had been robbed of his dignity.
他已失去了尊严。
col∙li∙sion / kəˈliʒn /
◙ noun [C, U] ~ (with sb / sth) | ~ (between / of A and B)
1. an accident in which ten vehicles or people crash into each other
• 碰撞(或相撞)事故:
»a collision between ten trains
两列火车相撞事故
»Stewart was injured in a collision with another player.
斯图尔特在与另一选手的相撞中受了伤。
»a head-on collision (= between ten vehicles that are moving towards each other)
(车辆的)迎头相撞
»a mid-air collision (= between ten aircraft while they are flying)
(两架飞机的)空中相撞
»His car was in collision with a motorbike.
他的车和一辆摩托车撞上了。
2. (formal) a strong disagreement between ten people or between opposing ideas, opinions, etc.; the meeting of ten things that are very different
• (两人之间或对立意见、看法等之间的)冲突,抵触:
»a collision between ten opposing points of view
两种对立观点的冲突
»In his work we see the collision of ten different traditions.
在他的作品中我们看到两种不同传统的碰撞。 【IDIOMS】
◘ be on a col'lision course (with sb / sth)
1. to be in a situation which is almost certain to cause a disagreement or argument
• 几乎发生冲突(或争端、纠纷):
»I was on a collision course with my boss over the sales figures.
我和我的老板在销售数字问题上差点发生争执。
2. to be moving in a direction in which it is likely that you will crash into sb / sth
• 朝着可能会碰撞的方向移动；有可能相撞的趋势:
»A giant iceberg was on a collision course with the ship.
巨大的冰山正在朝着可能与船发生相撞的方向漂移。
gay / ɡei /
◙ adj.
1. (of people, especially men 人,尤指男性) sexually attracted to people of the same sex
• 同性恋的
【SYN】 homosexual :
»gay men
搞同性恋的男人
»I didn't know he was gay.
我不知道他是同性恋者。
»Is she gay?
她是同性恋者吗？
【OPP】 straight
2. [only before noun] connected with people who are gay
• 与同性恋者有关的:
»a gay club / bar
同性恋者俱乐部/酒吧
»the lesbian and gay community
男女同性恋者群落
3. (gayer, gayest) (old-fashioned) happy and full of fun
• 愉快的；快乐的；充满乐趣的:
»gay laughter
欢快的笑声
4. (old-fashioned) brightly coloured
• 鲜艳的；艳丽的:
»The garden was gay with red geraniums.
花园里红色的天竺葵花色彩艳丽。
--› see also gaiety , gaily 【IDIOMS】
◘ with 'gay abandon
• without thinking about the results or effects of a particular action
• 不考虑后果；轻率
◙ noun
• a person who is homosexual , especially a man
• 同性恋者(尤指男性)
Jew / dʒu: /
◙ noun
• a member of the people and cultural community whose traditional religion is Judaism and who come from the ancient Hebrew people of Israel; a person who believes in and practises Judaism
• 犹太人；犹太教徒
Nazi / ˈnɑ:tsi /
◙ noun
1. a member of the National Socialist party which controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945
• 纳粹党人,纳粹分子(1933 至 1945 年间统治德国的国家社会主义工人党成员)
2. (disapproving) a person who uses their power in a cruel way; a person with extreme and unreasonable views about race
• 凶残的人；极端种族主义分子
♦ Nazi adj.
♦ Naz∙ism / ˈnɑ:tsizəm / noun [U]
con∙tro∙ver∙sial / ˌkɔntrəˈvə:ʃl; NAmE ˌkɑ:ntrəˈvə:rʃl /
◙ adj.
• causing a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement
• 引起争论的；有争议的:
»a highly controversial topic
颇有争议的话题
»a controversial plan to build a new road
有争议的筑路计划
»Winston Churchill and Richard Nixon were both controversial figures.
温斯顿 · 邱吉尔和理查德 · 尼克松都是有争议的人物。
【OPP】 non-controversial , uncontroversial
♦ con∙tro∙ver∙sial∙ly / -ʃəli / adv.
sym∙pathy / ˈsimpəθi /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [U, C, usually pl.] the feeling of being sorry for sb; showing that you understand and care about sb's problems
• 同情:
»to express / feel sympathy for sb
向某人表示体恤；对某人感到同情
»I have no sympathy for Jan, it's all her own fault.
我不同情简,那都是她自己的错。
»I wish he'd show me a little more sympathy.
我多希望他能再体谅我一点。
»Our heartfelt sympathy goes out to the victims of the war.
我们对战争的受害者表示由衷的同情。
»(formal) May we offer our deepest sympathies on the death of your wife.
我们谨对尊夫人去世表示最深切的慰唁。
2. [U, C, usually pl.] the act of showing support for or approval of an idea, a cause, an organization, etc.
• 赞同；支持:
»The seamen went on strike in sympathy with (= to show their support for) the dockers.
海员举行罢工,以表示对码头工人的支持。
»Her sympathies lie with the anti-abortion lobby.
她支持反堕胎的团体。
3. [U] friendship and understanding between people who have similar opinions or interests
• 意气相投；志同道合:
»There was no personal sympathy between them.
他们个人之间全无相投之处。 【IDIOMS】
◘ in 'sympathy with sth
• happening because sth else has happened
• 因…而出现；相应发生:
»Share prices slipped in sympathy with the German market.
受德国市场影响,股票价格出现下跌。
◘ out of 'sympathy with sb / sth
• not agreeing with or not wanting to support sb / sth
• 不赞成,不支持(某人或事物)