m11u4archae∙ology (NAmE also arche∙ology) / ˌɑ:kiˈɔlədʒi; NAmE ˌɑ:rkiˈɑ:l- / ◙ noun [U] • the study of cultures of the past, and of periods of history by examining the remains of buildings and objects found in the ground • 考古学 --› see alsoindustrial archaeology ♦ arch∙aeo∙logic∙al (NAmE also arch∙eo∙logic∙al) / ˌɑ:kiəˈlɔdʒikl; NAmE ˌɑ:rkiəˈlɑ:dʒ- / adj.: »archaeological excavations / evidence 考古发掘/实证
pre∙view / ˈpri:vju: / ◙ noun 1. an occasion at which you can see a film / movie, a show, etc. before it is shown to the general public • 预映；预演；预展: »a press preview (= for journalists only) 招待新闻界的预展 »a special preview of our winter fashion collection 我们冬季时装系列的特别预展 --› see alsosneak preview 2. a description in a newspaper or a magazine that tells you about a film / movie, a television programme, etc. before it is shown to the public • (报刊上有关电影、电视节目等的)预先评述,预告: »Turn to page 12 for a preview of next week's programmes. 下周节目预告请见第 12 页。 3. (NAmE) =trailern. (4)◙ verb [VN] 1. to see a film / movie, a television programme, etc. before it is shown to the general public and write an account of it for a newspaper or magazine • 为(影视节目)写预评: »The exhibition was previewed in last week's issue. 本刊上周对展览作了预评。 2. (especially NAmE) to give sb a short account of sth that is going to happen, be studied, etc. • 概述；扼要介绍: »The professor previewed the course for us. 教授为我们扼要介绍了这门课程。
nu∙mer∙ous / ˈnju:mərəs; NAme ˈnu:- / ◙ adj. • (formal)existing in large numbers • 众多的；许多的 • 【SYN】many : »He has been late on numerous occasions. 他已经迟到过无数次了。 »The advantages of this system are too numerous to mention. 这套系统的好处不胜枚举。
bro∙chure / ˈbrəuʃə(r); NAmE brouˈʃur / ◙ noun • a small magazine or book containing pictures and information about sth or advertising sth • 资料(或广告)手册: »a travel brochure 旅游手册
cata∙logue (NAmE also cata∙log) / ˈkætəlɔɡ; NAmE -lɔ:ɡ; -lɑ:ɡ / ◙ noun 1. a complete list of items, for example of things that people can look at or buy • 目录；目录簿: »a mail-order catalogue (= a book showing goods for sale to be sent to people's homes) 邮购商品目录 »to consult the library catalogue 查看图书馆目录 »An illustrated catalogue accompanies the exhibition. 展览会有插图目录。 »an online catalogue 联机目录 2. a long series of things that happen (usually bad things) • 一连串(糟糕)事: »a catalogue of disasters / errors / misfortunes 接二连三的灾难/错误/不幸 ◙ verb [VN] 1. to arrange a list of things in order in acatalogue; to record sth in acatalogue • 列入目录；编入目录 2. to give a list of things connected with a particular person, event, etc. • 记载,登记(某人、某事等的详情): »Interviews with the refugees catalogue a history of discrimination and violence. 对难民的采访记录下了一部歧视和暴力的历史。
psych∙ology / saiˈkɔlədʒi; NAme -ˈkɑ:l- / ◙ noun 1. [U] the scientific study of the mind and how it influences behaviour • 心理学: »social / educational / child psychology 社会/教育/儿童心理学 --› comparepop psychology 2. [sing.] the kind of mind that sb has that makes them think or behave in a particular way • 心理；心理特征: »the psychology of small boys 小男孩的心理特征 3. [sing.] how the mind influences behaviour in a particular area of life • 心理影响: »the psychology of interpersonal relationships 人际关系的心理影响
fry / frai / ◙ verb (fries, fry∙ing, fried, fried) 1. to cook sth in hot fat or oil; to be cooked in hot fat or oil • 油炸；油煎；油炒: ▪ [VN] »fried fish 炸鱼 ▪ [V] »the smell of bacon frying 煎熏咸肉的气味 --› related nounfry-up --› see alsostir-fry 2. [V] (informal) to be burnt by the sun • (被阳光)灼伤,晒伤: »You'll fry on the beach if you're not careful. 你若在海滩上不小心会被太阳灼伤的。
【IDIOMS】
--› seefishn. ◙ noun 1. [pl.] very small young fish • 鱼苗；鱼秧子 --› see alsosmall fry 2. [C] (usually fries [pl.]) (especially NAmE) =chip n. (3) : »Would you like ketchup with your fries? 你吃炸薯条要番茄酱吗？
pep∙per / ˈpepə(r) / ◙ noun 1. [U] a powder made from driedberries(calledpeppercorns), used to give a hot flavour to food • 胡椒粉: »Season with salt and pepper 用盐和胡椒粉调味 »freshly ground pepper 新研磨的胡椒粉 --› see alsoblack pepper,cayenne,white pepper 2. [C, U] (BrE) (also 'sweet pepperBrE, NAmE) (NAmE'bell pepper) a hollow fruit, usually red, green or yellow, eaten as a vegetable either raw or cooked • 甜椒；柿子椒；灯笼椒◙ verb [VN] • to put pepper on food • (在食物上)撒胡椒粉: »peppered steak 撒了胡椒粉的牛排 »Salt and pepper the potatoes. 给土豆放上盐和胡椒粉。
【PHR V】
◘ 'pepper sb / sth with sth [usually passive] • to hit sb / sth with a series of small objects, especially bullets • (以小物体)频繁击打；(尤指)向…不断射击 【SYN】spray ◘ 'pepper sth with sth [often passive] • to include large numbers of sth in sth • 大量加入: »He peppered his speech with jokes. 他在讲演中插入了许多笑话。
steak / steik / ◙ noun 1. (also less frequent beef∙steak) [U, C] a thick slice of good quality beef • 牛排: »fillet / rump / sirloin steak 里脊/臀肉/腰肉牛排 »How would you like your steak done? 您要求您的牛排做到几成熟？ »a steak knife (= six with a special blade for eatingsteakwith) 牛排餐刀 2. [U, C] a thick slice of any type of meat • 肉排；肉块: »pork steak 猪排 »a gammon steak 一厚片火腿 3. [U] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) beef that is not of the best quality, often sold in small pieces and used inpies,stews, etc. • 碎牛肉(不是最佳部位,常剁碎出售,可以炖或做馅等): »braising / stewing steak 适合于炖的牛肉块 »a steak and kidney pie 牛肉腰子馅饼 4. [C] a large thick piece of fish • 鱼排；鱼块: »a cod steak 鳕鱼排
'bean curd ◙ noun [U] =tofugar∙lic / ˈɡɑ:lik; NAmE ˈɡɑ:rlik / ◙ noun [U] • a vegetable of the onion family with a very strong taste and smell, used in cooking to give flavour to food • 蒜；大蒜: »a clove of garlic (= six section of it) 一瓣蒜 ♦ gar∙licky adj.: »garlicky breath / food 带大蒜味的气息；加有大蒜的食物
micro∙wave / ˈmaikrəweiv / ◙ noun 1. (also formal ˌmicrowave 'oven) a type of oven that cooks or heats food very quickly usingelectromagneticwaves rather than heat • 微波炉: »Reheat the soup in the microwave. 把汤放到微波炉里再热一热。 »microwave cookery / meals 微波炉烹饪/制作的食品 --› compareoven 2. (technical 术语) anelectromagneticwave that is shorter than a radio wave but longer than a light wave • 微波◙ verb [VN] • to cook or heat sth in amicrowave • 用微波炉烹调(或加热) ♦ micro∙wave∙able (also micro∙wav∙able) adj.: »microwaveable meals 可用微波炉制作的饭菜
sau∙cer / ˈsɔ:sə(r) / ◙ noun • a small shallow round dish that a cup stands on; an object that is shaped like this • 茶碟；茶托；碟状物: »cups and saucers 茶杯和茶碟 --› see alsoflying saucerTher∙mos™ / ˈθə:məs; NAme ˈθə:rməs / (BrE also 'ðhermos flask) (NAmE also 'ðhermos bottle) ◙ noun • a particular kind ofvacuum flask(= a container like a bottle with double walls with avacuumbetween them, used for keeping liquids hot or cold) • 瑟姆斯保温瓶；真空瓶；冰瓶 --› compareflask(2)
fur∙nished / ˈfə:niʃt; NAmE ˈfə:rniʃt / ◙ adj. • (of a house, room, etc. 房屋、房间等) containing furniture • 配备家具的: »furnished accommodation (= to rent complete with furniture) 连家具出租房 »The house was simply furnished. 这房子陈设简单。
basin / ˈbeisn / ◙ noun 1. (especially BrE) =washbasin 2. a large round bowl for holding liquids or (in British English) for preparing foods in; the amount of liquid, etc. in a basin • 盆；(英国英语)调菜盆；一盆(的量): »a pudding basin 布丁盆 3. an area of land around a large river with streams running down into it • 流域: »the Amazon Basin 亚马孙河流域 4. (technical 术语) a place where the earth's surface is lower than in other areas of the world • 盆地；凹地；海盆: »the Pacific Basin 太平洋海盆 5. a sheltered area of water providing a safeharbourfor boats • 港池；内港；内湾；船坞: »a yacht basin 停放游艇的内港
milli∙metre (BrE) (NAmEmilli∙meter) / ˈmilimi:tə(r) / ◙ noun (abbr. mm) • a unit for measuring length; a 1 000th of a metre • 毫米；千分之一米
'room-mate ◙ noun 1. a person that you share a room with, especially at a college or university • (尤指大学里的)室友,同住一室的人 2. (also informal roomie) (both NAmE) =flatmateas∙tron∙omy / əˈstrɔnəmi; NAmE əˈstrɑ:n- / ◙ noun [U] • the scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc. • 天文学
min∙eral / ˈminərəl / ◙ noun 1. [C, U] a substance that is naturally present in the earth and is not formed from animal or vegetable matter, for example gold and salt. Some minerals are also present in food and drink and in the human body and are essential for good health. • 矿物；矿物质: »mineral deposits / extraction 矿藏；矿物开采 »the recommended intake of vitamins and minerals 维生素和矿物质的建议摄入量 --› comparevegetable(1) 2. [C, usually pl.] (BrE, formal) (NAmEsoda) a sweet drink in various flavours that has bubbles of gas in it and does not contain alcohol • 汽水: »Soft drinks and minerals sold here. 此处销售各种软饮料和汽水。
bat / bæt / ◙ noun 1. a piece of wood with a handle, made in various shapes and sizes, and used for hitting the ball in games such asbaseball,cricketandtable tennis • 球棒；球拍；球板: »a baseball / cricket bat 棒球球棒；板球球板 --› compareracket(3) 2. an animal like a mouse with wings, that flies and feeds at night (= it isnocturnal). There are many types of bat. • 蝙蝠 --› see alsofruit bat,old bat,vampire bat
【IDIOMS】
◘ like a bat out of 'hell •(informal) very fast • 疾速地；迅速地 ◘ off your own 'bat (BrE, informal) • if you do sth off your own bat, it is your own idea and you do it without help or encouragement from anyone else • 自觉地；主动地 --› more atblindadj.,rightadv. ◙ verb • (-tt-) to hit a ball with a bat, especially in a game ofcricketorbaseball • 用球板击球,用球棒击球(尤指板球或棒球运动): ▪ [V] »He bats very well. 他擅长击球。 »Who's batting first for the Orioles? 巴尔的摩金莺队谁第一个出场击球？ ▪ [also VN] ◘ ˌbat your 'eyes / 'eyelashes • to open and close your eyes quickly, in a way that is supposed to be attractive • 眉目传情；挤眉弄眼 ◘ bat a 'thousand (NAmE, informal) • to be very successful • 非常成功；大获全胜 ◘ go to 'bat for sb (NAmE, informal) • to give sb help and support • 帮助(或支持)某人 ◘ not bat an 'eyelid (BrE) (NAmEnot bat an 'eye) (informal) • to show no surprise or embarrassment when sth unusual happens • 不动声色；面不改色；眼睛都不眨一下: »She didn't bat an eyelid when I told her my news. 我把我最近的事告诉她时,她一点也不为所动。
【PHR V】
◘ ˌbat sth∽a'round (informal) • to discuss whether an idea or a plan is good or not, before deciding what to do • 详细讨论(想法、计划等)的可行性: »It's just an idea we've been batting around. 这只不过是我们一直在讨论的一种想法。 dive / daiv / ◙ verb (dived, dived,NAmE also dove / dəuv; NAmE douv / dived) ▪ əʒ] ›› ʊuMP ɪŋðO θæðəɔ 跳水 1. ~ (from / off sth) (into sth) | ~ (in) to jump into water with your head and arms going in first • 跳水(头和两臂先入水): »We dived into the river to cool off. 我们一头跳进河里,凉快一下。 ›› UNDERWATER 水下 2. (usually go diving) to swim underwater wearing breathing equipment, collecting or looking at things • (戴呼吸装备)潜水: »to dive for pearls 潜水采珠 »The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving. 他到希腊度假的主要目的就是去潜水。 --› see alsodiving(2) 3. to go to a deeper level underwater • 下潜；潜到更深的水下: »The whale dived as the harpoon struck it. 鲸被鱼叉射中后下潜。 ›› OF BIRDS / AIRCRAFT 鸟；飞机 4. to go steeply down through the air • 俯冲: »The seagulls soared then dived. 海鸥翱翔着,然后俯冲下来。 --› see alsonosedive(2) ›› OF PRICES 价格 5. to fall suddenly • 突然下降；暴跌 【SYN】plunge: »The share price dived from 49p to an all-time low of 40p. 股价从 49 便士暴跌到 40 便士的历史最低位。 ›› MOVE / JUMP / FALL 移动；跳跃；下落 6. [+adv. / prep.] ~ (for sth) (informal) to move or jump quickly in a particular direction, especially to avoid sth, to try to catch a ball, etc. • 扑,冲,奔(以避开某物、接球等): »We heard an explosion and dived for cover (= got into a place where we would be protected). 我们听到一声爆炸便伏身找掩护。 »The goalie dived for the ball, but missed it. 守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去,可是没有扑到。 »It started to rain so we dived into the nearest cafe. 天下起雨来,我们立即钻进一家最近的咖啡馆。 7. (in football (soccer),hockey, etc. 足球、曲棍球等) tackles you, so that therefereeawards afoul • (对方阻截时)假摔
【PHR V】
◘ 'dive into sth (informal) • to put your hand quickly into sth such as a bag or pocket • 迅速将手伸入(包或口袋里): »She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins. 她立即将手伸进包里拿出几枚硬币。 ◙ noun ›› JUMP INTO WATER 跳水 1. a jump into deep water with your head first and your arms in front of you • (头和双臂先入水的)跳水: »a spectacular high dive (= from high above the water) 精彩的高台跳水 ›› UNDERWATER 水下 2. an act of going underwater and swimming there with special equipment • (戴呼吸装备的)潜水: »a dive to a depth of 18 metres 潜到 18 米水深处 ›› OF BIRDS / AIRCRAFT 鸟；飞机 3. an act of suddenly flying downwards • 扑；冲；俯冲 ›› BAR / CLUB 酒吧；夜总会 4. (informal) a bar, music club, etc. that is cheap, and perhaps dark or dirty • 下等酒吧；低级夜总会 ›› FALL 跌倒 5. (BrE) (in football (soccer),hockey, etc. 足球、曲棍球等) tackles them, so that therefereeawards afoul • (遇到阻截时的)假摔,故意跌倒
【IDIOMS】
◘ make a 'dive (for sth) • to suddenly move or jump forward to do sth or reach sb / sth • 迅速移动；猛然一跳；扑跃: »The goalkeeper made a dive for the ball. 守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去。 ◘ take a 'dive •(informal) to suddenly get worse • 突然下降；暴跌: »Profits really took a dive last year. 去年利润确实突然下降了。
ter∙rify / ˈterifai / ◙ verb (ter∙ri∙fies, ter∙ri∙fy∙ing, ter∙ri∙fied, ter∙ri∙fied) • [VN] to make sb feel extremely frightened • 使恐惧；使十分害怕；使惊吓: »Flying terrifies her. 她害怕坐飞机。 ♦ ter∙ri∙fy∙ing adj.: »It was a terrifying experience. 那是一次可怕的经历。 ♦ ter∙ri∙fy∙ing∙ly adv.uni∙verse / ˈju:nivə:s; NAme -və:rs / ◙ noun 1. the universe [sing.] the whole of space and everything in it, including the earth, the planets and the stars • 宇宙；天地万物；万象: »theories of how the universe began 关于宇宙形成的各种理论 2. [C] a system of stars, planets, etc. in space outside our own • (已知宇宙以外的)宇宙: »The idea of a parallel universe is hard to grasp. 认为另有一个平行宇宙的概念是很难理解的。 »He lives in a little universe of his own. 他生活在自己的小天地里。 3. [sing.] a set of experiences of a particular type • (某种)经验体系: »the moral universe 道德体系
em∙bassy / ˈembəsi / ◙ noun (pl. -ies) 1. a group of officials led by anambassadorwho represent their government in a foreign country • 大使馆；(统称)使馆官员: »embassy officials 大使馆官员 »to inform the embassy of the situation 向大使馆报告形势 2. the building in which an embassy works • 大使馆(指馆舍): »a demonstration outside the Russian Embassy 在俄罗斯大使馆外的示威游行 --› compareconsulate,high commissional∙lu∙sion / əˈlu:ʒn / ◙ noun [C, U] • ~ (to sb / sth) something that is said or written that refers to or mentions another person or subject in an indirect way (=alludesto it) • 暗指；引喻；典故: »His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。 »Her poetry is full of obscure literary allusion. 她的诗随处可见晦涩的文学典故。
den / den / ◙ noun 1. the hidden home of some types of wild animal • 兽穴；兽窝: »a bear's / lion's den 熊的/狮子的洞穴 2. (disapproving) a place where people meet in secret, especially for some illegal or immoral activity • 窝点,窝子(尤指为非法或邪恶活动秘密聚会处): »a den of thieves 贼窝 »a drinking / gambling den 酗酒窝点；赌窟 »He thought of New York as a den of iniquity. 他把纽约视为罪恶的渊薮。 3. (NAmE) a room in a house where people go to relax, watch television, etc. • 休息室 4. (old-fashioned, BrE, informal) a room in a house where a person can work or study without being disturbed • 书斋；书房: »He would often retire to his den. 他往往是回自己的书房去。 5. a secret place, often made roughly with walls and a roof, where children play • (儿童的)隐蔽玩耍处: »They made themselves a den in the woods. 他们在树林里为自己搭了个窝,在里面玩。
【IDIOMS】
--› seebeardv.,lionheel / hi:l / ◙ noun ›› PART OF FOOT 脚的部位 1. [C] the back part of the foot below the ankle • 足跟；脚后跟 ›› PART OF SOCK / SHOE 袜子/鞋的部份 2. [C] the part of a sock, etc. that covers the heel • (袜子等的)后跟 3. [C] the raised part on the bottom of a shoe, boot, etc. that makes the shoe, etc. higher at the back • (鞋、靴子等的)后跟: »shoes with a low / high heel 低/高跟鞋 »a stiletto heel 细高跟 »The sergeant clicked his heels and walked out. 中士将鞋跟咔哒一并,走了出去。 --› comparesolen. (2) ›› -HEELED 后跟…的 4. (in adjectives 构成形容词) having the type of heel mentioned • 有…后跟的: »high-heeled shoes 高跟鞋 --› see alsowell heeled ›› SHOES 鞋 5. heels [pl.] a pair of women's shoes that have high heels • 女高跟鞋: »She doesn't often wear heels. 她不常穿高跟鞋。 --› see alsokitten heels ›› PART OF HAND 手的部位 6. [C] ~ of your hand / palm the raised part of the inside of the hand where it joins the wrist • 手掌根(手掌靠近腕部的隆起部份) ›› UNPLEASANT MAN 可恶的人 7. [C] (old-fashioned, informal) a man who is unpleasant to other people and cannot be trusted • 卑鄙的家伙；浑蛋 --› see alsoAchilles heel,down at heel
【IDIOMS】
◘ at / on sb's 'heels • following closely behind sb • 紧跟某人: »He fled from the stadium with the police at his heels. 他逃离了运动场,警察在后面紧追不舍。 ◘ bring sb / sth to 'heel 1. to force sb to obey you and accept discipline • 使某人就范；迫使某人服从(纪律) 2. to make a dog come close to you • 让狗靠近；唤狗来到身边 ◘ come to 'heel 1. (of a person 人) to agree to obey sb and accept their orders • 愿意听从(某人)；顺从 2. (of a dog 狗) to come close to the person who has called it • 走近唤狗人 ◘ (hard / hot) on sb's / sth's 'heels • very close behind sb / sth; very soon after sth • 紧跟；紧接在后: »News of rising unemployment followed hard on the heels of falling export figures. 出口数字下降之后紧接着就是失业率上升的消息。 ◘ ˌtake to your 'heels • to run away from sb / sth • 逃走；溜掉 ◘ ˌturn / ˌspin on your 'heel • to turn around suddenly so that you are facing in the opposite direction • 急向后转；突然转身 ◘ under the 'heel of sb •(literary) completely controlled by sb • 完全受某人控制 --› more atcoolv.,digv.,dragv.,headn.,kickv.,treadv. ◙ verb ›› REPAIR SHOE 修鞋 1. [VN] to repair the heel of a shoe, etc. • 给(鞋等)修理后跟 ›› OF BOAT 船 2. [V] ~ (over) to lean over to six side • 倾侧；倾斜: »The boat heeled over in the strong wind. 船在狂风中倾侧了。
myth∙ology / miˈθɔlədʒi; NAme -ˈθɑ:l- / ◙ noun (pl. -ies) [U, C] 1. ancientmythsin general; the ancientmythsof a particular culture, society, etc. • (统称)神话；某文化(或社会等)的神话: »Greek mythology 希腊神话 »a study of the religions and mythologies of ancient Rome 关于古罗马的宗教和神话的研究 2. ideas that many people think are true but that do not exist or are false • 虚幻的想法；错误的观点: »the popular mythology that life begins at forty 生活四十方起步这种普遍的错误观点
un∙beat∙able / ʌnˈbi:təbl / ◙ adj. 1. (of a team, player, etc. 团队、运动员等) impossible to defeat • 难以击败的；打不垮的 【SYN】invincible 2. (of prices, value, etc. 价格、价值等) impossible to improve • 已达极限的；难以竞争的: »unbeatable offers 最优惠的报价
prophet / ˈprɔfit; NAme ˈprɑ:f- / ◙ noun 1. [C] (in the Christian, Jewish and Muslim religions) a person sent by God to teach the people and give them messages from God • (基督教、犹太教和伊斯兰教的)先知 2. the Prophet [sing.] Muhammad, who founded the religion of Islam • 穆罕默德(伊斯兰教的创始人) 3. a person who claims to know what will happen in the future • 预言家；预言者 4. ~ (of sth) a person who teaches or supports a new idea, theory, etc. • 倡导者；拥护者；鼓吹者: »William Morris was six of the early prophets of socialism. 威廉 · 莫里斯是社会主义的早期传播者之一。 5. the Prophets [pl.] the name used for some books of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Bible • (《〈圣经〉旧约》和《希伯来圣经》中的)先知书
【IDIOMS】
--› seedoomn.
over∙board / ˈəuvəbɔ:d; NAme ˈouvərbɔ:rd / ◙ adv. • over the side of a boat or a ship into the water • 从船上落下: »to fall / jump overboard 从船上落入/跳入水中 »Huge waves washed him overboard. 巨浪把他冲下甲板卷入海中。
【IDIOMS】
◘ go 'overboard •(informal) to be too excited or enthusiastic about sth or about doing sth • 过分热情；过分热衷: »Don't go overboard on fitness. 热衷健身运动别过头。 ◘ throw sb / sth 'overboard • to get rid of sb / sth that you think is useless • 抛弃；扔掉
vomit / ˈvɔmit; NAme ˈvɑ:m- / ◙ verb • (also informal ˌthrow 'up) ~ (sth up) | ~ sth to bring food from the stomach back out through the mouth • 呕；吐；呕吐 【SYN】be sick: ▪ [V] »The smell made her want to vomit. 那气味使得她想要吐。 ▪ [VN] »He had vomited up his supper. 他把晚饭吃的东西都吐了出来。 »The injured man was vomiting blood. 那受伤的人在吐血。 --› see alsosick v. ◙ noun [U] • food from the stomach brought back out through the mouth • 呕吐物
Her∙cu∙lean / ˌhə:kjuˈli:ən; NAme ˌhə:rk- / ◙ adj. [usually before noun] • needing a lot of strength, determination or effort • 费力的；需要决心的；艰巨的: »a Herculean task 艰巨的任务
【ORIGIN】From the Greek myth in which Hercules proved his courage and strength by completing twelve very difficult tasks (called the Labours of Hercules). • 源自希腊神话。赫拉克勒斯(Hercules)通过完成十二项十分艰巨的任务("赫拉克勒斯的功绩")而证明了他的勇气和力量。
Sa∙mar∙itan / səˈmæritən / ◙ noun
【IDIOMS】
◘ a ˌgood Sa'maritan • a person who gives help and sympathy to people who need it • 善良的撒玛利亚人；善人；乐善好施者
【ORIGIN】From the Bible story of a person from Samaria who helps an injured man that nobody else will help. • 源自《圣经》,一个撒玛利亚人向一个受伤但无人给予帮助的人伸出援助之手。
bang / bæŋ / ◙ verb 1. ~ (on) sth to hit sth in a way that makes a loud noise • 猛敲；砸: ▪ [VN] »The baby was banging the table with his spoon. 小孩用调羹敲打着桌子。 ▪ [V] »She banged on the door angrily. 她愤怒地砰砰打门。 --› note athit 2. to close sth or to be closed with a loud noise • (把…)砰地关上 【SYN】slam: ▪ [VN] »Don't bang the door when you go out! 出去时别那么砰一声地关门！ ▪ [V] »A window was banging somewhere (= opening and closing noisily). 什么地方有扇窗户在砰砰地开开关关。 ▪ [V-ADJ] »The door banged shut behind her. 她出去时把门砰地一声关上了。 3. [VN +adv. / prep.] to put sth somewhere suddenly and violently • 猛摔；砰地一扔 【SYN】slam: »He banged the money down on the counter. 他把钱往柜枱上砰地一掷。 »She banged saucepans around irritably. 她暴躁地把锅摔来摔去。 4. [VN] to hit sth, especially a part of the body, against sth by accident • 碰撞；磕 【SYN】bump: »She tripped and banged her knee on the desk. 她绊了一跤,膝盖磕在桌子上。 5. [VN] (taboo, slang) (of a man 男性) to have sex with a woman • 和(女性)性交
◘ ˌbang a'bout / a'round • to move around noisily • 乒乓作响地来来去去: »We could hear the kids banging around upstairs. 我们能听到孩子们在楼上咚咚地跑来跑去。 ◘ ˌbang 'into sth • to crash into or hit sth by mistake • (不小心)撞着某物: »I banged into a chair and hurt my leg. 我撞到椅子上,碰伤了腿。 ◘ ˌbang 'on about sth (BrE, informal) • to talk a lot about sth in a boring way • 唠叨；絮叨 【SYN】go on: »He keeps banging on about his new job. 他没完没了地唠叨他那份新工作。 ◘ ˌbang sb∽'up (BrE, informal) • to put sb in prison • 使某人锒铛入狱；把某人收监 ◘ ˌbang sth∽'up (NAmE, informal) • to damage or injure sth • 毁坏；损害◙ noun 1. a sudden loud noise • 突然的巨响: »The door swung shut with a bang. 门砰地一声关上了。 »Suddenly there was a loud bang and a puff of smoke. 突然一声巨响,喷出了一股黑烟。 --› see alsobig bang 2. a sudden painful blow on a part of the body • (对身体部位的)猛撞,猛敲,猛击: »a bang on the head 头被撞击 3. bangs [pl.] (NAmE) =fringe(1) 4. =bhang 5. (informal) (computing 计) the symbol (!) • 叹号 ◘ ˌbang for your 'buck • (NAmE, informal) if you get more, better, etc. bang for your buck, you get better value for the money you spend or the effort you put in to sth • 钱花得合算；所作的努力值得 ◘ with a 'bang (informal) 1. very successfully • 很成功: »The party went with a bang. 聚会十分圆满。 2. in a way that everyone notices; with a powerful effect • 引人注目；有强烈影响: »The team won their last five games, ending the season with a bang. 该队赢了最后四场比赛,给本赛季画了一个亮丽的句号。 --› more atearthn.,slapadv. ◙ adv. • (informal, especially BrE) exactly; completely • 正好；完全地: »Our computers are bang up to date. 我们的电脑是最先进的。 »My estimate was bang on target. 我的估计完全准确。 »You're bang on time, as usual. 你像往常一样,非常准时。 --› see alsoslap bangat slapadv. ◘ bang goes sth • (BrE, informal) used when you say that sth you hoped to have or achieve is no longer possible • (希望等)破灭: »Bang went my hopes of promotion. 我晋升的希望破灭了。 ◘ go 'bang •(informal) to burst or explode with a loud noise; to make a sudden loud noise • 爆；爆炸；发出巨响: »A balloon suddenly went bang. 一只气球突然砰地一声爆了。 --› more atrightn. ◙ exclamation • used to show the sound of sth loud, like a gun • (表示枪声等巨响)砰: »'Bang, bang, you're dead!' shouted the little boy. "砰！砰！你死了！"小男孩喊道。
aim∙less / ˈeimləs / ◙ adj. • having no direction or plan • 没有方向的；无目标的；无计划的: »My life seemed aimless. 我的生活似乎没有目标。 ♦ aim∙less∙ly adv.: »He drifted aimlessly from six job to another. 他漫无目的地换了一个又一个工作。 ♦ aim∙less∙ness noun [U] atom / ˈætəm / ◙ noun • the smallest part of a chemical element that can take part in a chemical reaction • 原子: »the splitting of the atom 原子的分裂 »Two atoms of hydrogen combine with six atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water. 两个氢原子和一个氧原子结合组成一个水分子。
nu∙clear / ˈnju:kliə(r); NAme ˈnu:- / ◙ adj. [usually before noun] 1. using, producing or resulting fromnuclear energy • 原子能的；核能的: »a nuclear power station 核电站 »the nuclear industry 原子能工业 »nuclear-powered submarines 核动力潜艇 2. connected with weapons that usenuclear energy • 核武器的: »a nuclear weapon / bomb / missile 核武器；核弹；核导弹 »a nuclear explosion / attack / war 核爆炸/攻击/战争 »the country's nuclear capability (= the fact that it has nuclear weapons) 这个国家的核力量 »nuclear capacity (= the number of nuclear weapons a country has) 核能力 3. (physics 物) of thenucleus(= central part) of an atom • 核子的；原子核的: »nuclear particles 核粒子 »a nuclear reaction 核反应
mis∙sile / ˈmisail; NAme ˈmisl / ◙ noun 1. a weapon that is sent through the air and that explodes when it hits the thing that it is aimed at • 导弹: »nuclear missiles 核导弹 »a missile base / site 导弹基地/发射场 --› see alsoballistic missile,cruise missile,guided missile 2. an object that is thrown at sb to hurt them • 发射物；投掷物 【SYN】projectilecom∙mun∙ism / ˈkɔmjunizəm; NAmE ˈkɑ:m- / ◙ noun [U] 1. a political movement that believes in an economic system in which the state controls the means of producing everything on behalf of the people. It aims to create a society in which everyone is treated equally. • 共产主义 2. Communism the system of government by a ruling Communist Party, such as in the former Soviet Union • 共产主义制度 --› comparecapitalismso∙cial∙ism / ˈsəuʃəlizəm; NAme ˈsou- / ◙ noun [U] • a set of political and economic theories based on the belief that everyone has an equal right to a share of a country's wealth and that the government should own and control the main industries • 社会主义 --› comparecapitalism,communism,social democracyso∙cial∙ist / ˈsəuʃəlist; NAme ˈsou- / ◙ noun • a person who believes in or supportssocialism; a member of a political party that believes insocialism • 社会主义者；社会党党员 ♦ so∙cial∙ist adj. [usually before noun] : »a socialist country 社会主义国家 »socialist beliefs 社会主义信仰 »the ruling Socialist Party 执政的社会党
foun∙tain / ˈfauntən; NAmE ˈfauntn / ◙ noun 1. a structure from which water is sent up into the air by apump, used to decorate parks and gardens / yards • 人工喷泉；喷水池 --› see alsodrinking fountain 2. a strong flow of liquid or of another substance that is forced into the air • 喷泉；(液体或其他物质的)喷射,涌流: »The amplifier exploded in a fountain of sparks. 放大器爆炸,喷射出火星。 3. a rich source or supply of sth • 丰富来源；源泉: »Tourism is a fountain of wealth for the city. 旅游业是该市的重要收入来源。
cur∙rent∙ly / ˈkʌrəntli; NAmE ˈkə:r- / ◙ adv. • at the present time • 现时；目前；当前；时下: »The hourly charge is currently £35. 现在每小时收费是 35 英镑。 »Currently, over 500 students are enrolled on the course. 目前有 500 多名学生注册学习这门课程。 »All the options are currently available. 所有的课程现在均可选择。 »This matter is currently being discussed. 这个问题现正在讨论之中。
prem∙ier / ˈpremiə(r); NAme priˈmir; -ˈmjir / ◙ adj. [only before noun] • most important, famous or successful • 首要的；最著名的；最成功的；第一的: »one of the country's premier chefs 国家名厨之一 (BrE) (sport 体) »the Premier League / Division 超级联赛 ◙ noun 1. used especially in newspapers, etc. to mean 'prime minister' • (尤用于报章等)首相,总理 2. (in Canada) the first minister of aprovinceorterritory • (加拿大的)省总理,地方总理
arch / ɑ:tʃ; NAmE ɑ:rtʃ / ◙ noun 1. a curved structure that supports the weight of sth above it, such as a bridge or the upper part of a building • 拱(支撑如桥梁或房屋上部的弧形结构) 2. a structure with a curved top that is supported by straight sides, sometimes forming an entrance or built as amonument • 拱门: »Go through the arch and follow the path. 穿过拱门沿小径往前走。 »Marble Arch is a famous London landmark. 大理石拱门是伦敦著名的标志性建筑。 3. the raised part of the foot formed by a curved section of bones • 足背；足弓 4. anything that forms a curved shape at the top • 拱形；拱形物: »the delicate arch of her eyebrows 她那弯弯的柳眉 ◙ verb 1. if you arch part of your body, or if it arches, it moves and forms a curved shape • (使)成弓形 ▪ [VN] »The cat arched its back and hissed. 猫弓起背发出嘶嘶声。 ▪ [also V] 2. [V] to be in a curved line or shape across or over sth • 呈拱形覆盖；呈弧形横跨: »Tall trees arched over the path. 大树呈拱形遮阴了小道。 ◙ adj. [usually before noun] • (often disapproving) seeming amused because you know more about a situation than other people • 调皮的；淘气的: »an arch tone of voice 调皮的语气 ♦ arch∙ly adv.: »'Guess what?' she said archly. "猜猜看？"她调皮地说道。
sem∙inar / ˈseminɑ:(r) / ◙ noun 1. a class at a university or college when a small group of students and a teacher discuss or study a particular topic • (大学教师带领学生作专题讨论的)研讨班: »Teaching is by lectures and seminars. 教学形式为讲座和研讨班。 »a graduate seminar 研究生研讨班 »a seminar room 研讨室 2. a meeting for discussion or training • 研讨会；培训会: »a one-day management seminar 为期一天的管理研讨会
sharp∙en / ˈʃɑ:pən; NAme ˈʃɑ:rpən / ◙ verb 1. to make sth sharper; to become sharper • (使)变得锋利,变得清晰: ▪ [VN] »This knife needs sharpening. 这把刀需要磨了。 ▪ [V] »The outline of the trees sharpened as it grew lighter. 随着天色转亮,树的轮廓变得清晰了。 2. if a sense or feeling sharpens or sth sharpens it, it becomes stronger and / or clearer • (使感觉或感情)加强,加重,变得更明显 ▪ [VN] »The sea air sharpened our appetites. 海上的空气增进了我们的食欲。 ▪ [also V] 3. [VN] to make a disagreement between people, or an issue on which people disagree, clearer and more likely to produce a result • 使尖锐；使明朗: »There is a need to sharpen the focus of the discussion. 有必要使讨论的焦点更加集中。 4. ~ (sth) (up) to become or make sth better, more skilful, more effective, etc. than before • (使)提高,改善 【SYN】improve: ▪ [V] »He needs to sharpen up before the Olympic trials. 在奥运会选拔赛之前,他需要进一步磨砺自己。 ▪ [VN] »She's doing a course to sharpen her business skills. 她正进修,以提高自己的业务技巧。 5. [V , VN] if your voice sharpens or sth sharpens it, it becomes high and loud in an unpleasant way • (使声音)变得尖锐,变得刺耳
shut∙tle / ˈʃʌtl / ◙ noun 1. a plane, bus or train that travels regularly between two places • 来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车): »a shuttle service between London and Edinburgh 往返于伦敦和爱丁堡之间的航班 2. =space shuttle 3. a pointed tool used in making cloth to pull a thread backwards and forwards over the other threads that pass along the length of the cloth • 梭；梭子 4. the Shuttle [sing.] a train service that takes cars and their passengers through the Channel Tunnel between England and France • (英法之间英吉利海峡隧道的)穿梭火车◙ verb [+adv. / prep.] 1. [V] ~ (between A and B) to travel between two places frequently • 频繁往来(于甲地和乙地之间): »Her childhood was spent shuttling between her mother and father. 她的童年是在父母之间穿梭往来中度过的。 2. [VN] to carry people between two places that are close, making regular journeys between the two places • (在较近的两地之间定时)往返运送: »A bus shuttles passengers back and forth from the station to the terminal. 一辆公共汽车在火车站和公共汽车终点站之间往返运送旅客。