m7u4
route / ru:t; NAmE also raut /
◙ noun
1. ~ (from A to B) a way that you follow to get from six place to another
• 路线；路途:
»Which is the best route to take?
哪一条是最佳路线？
»Motorists are advised to find an alternative route.
建议驾驶者换一条路。
»a coastal route
沿海的路线
»the quickest route from Florence to Rome
从佛罗伦萨到罗马的最快捷的路线
»an escape route
逃脱的路径
--› see also en route
2. a fixed way along which a bus, train, etc. regularly travels or goods are regularly sent
• (公共汽车和列车等的)常规路线,固定线路:
»The house is not on a bus route.
这房子不在公交线上。
»shipping routes
航运线路
»a cycle route (= a path that is only for cyclists )
自行车道
3. ~ (to sth) a particular way of achieving sth
• 途径；渠道:
»the route to success
成功之路
4. used before the number of a main road in the US
• (用于美国干线公路号码前):
»Route 66
* 66 号公路
◙ verb
(rout∙ing or route∙ing, rout∙ed, rout∙ed)
• [VN , usually +adv. / prep.] to send sb / sth by a particular route
• 按某路线发送:
»Satellites route data all over the globe.
衞星向全球各地传递信息。
rail / reil /
◙ noun
1. [C] a wooden or metal bar placed around sth as a barrier or to provide support
• 栏杆；扶手；围栏:
»She leaned on the ship's rail and gazed out to sea.
她靠着船上的护栏,凝望大海。
--› see also guard rail , handrail
2. [C] a bar fixed to the wall for hanging things on
• (固定在墙上用以挂物品的)横杆:
»a picture / curtain / towel rail
挂图画/窗帘/毛巾用的横杆
3. [C, usually pl.] each of the two metal bars that form the track that trains run on
• 铁轨；轨道
4. [U] (often before another noun 常用于另一名词前) railways / railroads as a means of transport
• 铁路；铁道:
»to travel by rail
乘火车
»rail travel / services / fares
铁路旅行/服务/费用
»a rail link / network
铁路连接；铁路网 【IDIOMS】
◘ get back on the 'rails
•(informal) to become successful again after a period of failure, or to begin functioning normally again
• 恢复常轨；东山再起
◘ go off the 'rails
(informal)
1. to start behaving in a strange or unacceptable manner, for example, drinking a lot or taking drugs
• 举止怪异；行为出轨
2. to lose control and stop functioning correctly
• 失去控制；无法正常运行:
»The company has gone badly off the rails in recent years.
这家公司最近几年已经陷于严重瘫痪。
--› more at jump v.
◙ verb
• ~ (at / against sth / sb) (formal) to complain about sth / sb in a very angry way
• 怒斥；责骂；抱怨
【SYN】 rage :
▪ [V]
»She railed against the injustice of it all.
她大骂此事太不公正。
▪ [also V speech] 【PHR V】
◘ ˌrail sth 'in / 'off
• to separate an area or object from others by placing rails around it
• 用围栏围住；用围栏隔开
outer / ˈautə(r) /
◙ adj. [only before noun]
1. on the outside of sth
• 外表的；外边的
【SYN】 external :
»the outer layers of the skin
皮肤表层
2. furthest from the inside or centre of sth
• 远离中心的；外围的:
»I walked along the outer edge of the track.
我沿着跑道的外缘走。
»the outer suburbs of the city
城市的远郊
»Outer London / Mongolia
伦敦的外围地区；外蒙古
»(figurative) to explore the outer (= most extreme) limits of human experience
探索人类经验的极限
【OPP】 inner
'horse-drawn
◙ adj. [only before noun]
• (of a vehicle 车辆) pulled by a horse or horses
• 马拉的
tram / træm / (also tram∙car) (both BrE) (US street∙car,trol∙ley)
◙ noun
• a vehicle driven by electricity, that runs on rails along the streets of a town and carries passengers
• 有轨电车:
»a tram route
有轨电车路线
cab / kæb /
◙ noun
1. a taxi
• 出租汽车；计程车；的士
2. the place where the driver sits in a bus, train or lorry / truck
• (公共汽车、火车、卡车的)驾驶室
con∙vey / kənˈvei /
◙ verb
1. ~ sth (to sb) to make ideas, feelings, etc. known to sb
• 表达,传递(思想、感情等)
【SYN】 communicate :
▪ [VN]
»Colours like red convey a sense of energy and strength.
红色之类的颜色可给人以充满活力与力量的感觉。
»(formal) Please convey my apologies to your wife.
请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。
▪ [V wh-]
»He tried desperately to convey how urgent the situation was.
他不顾一切地试图说明情况是多么紧急。
▪ [V that]
»She did not wish to convey that they were all at fault.
她不愿表现出他们人人都有错。
2. [VN] ~ sb / sth (from...) (to...) (formal) to take, carry or transport sb / sth from six place to another
• 传送；运送；输送:
»Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
管道把热水从锅炉输送到暖气片。
un∙for∙tu∙nate∙ly / ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənətli; NAme -ˈfɔ:rtʃ- /
◙ adv.
• used to say that a particular situation or fact makes you sad or disappointed, or gets you into a difficult position
• 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地；可悲地
【SYN】 regrettably :
»Unfortunately, I won't be able to attend the meeting.
真可惜我不能参加这次会议。
»I can't make it, unfortunately.
很遗憾,我来不及。
»Unfortunately for him, the police had been informed and were waiting outside.
算他倒霉,警察已接到报告,就在外边等着。
»It won't be finished for a few weeks. Unfortunately!
这工作得过几周才能完成。很遗憾！
【OPP】 fortunately
un∙believ∙able / ˌʌnbiˈli:vəbl /
◙ adj.
1. used to emphasize how good, bad or extreme sth is
• 非常好(或坏、极端)的；难以置信的；惊人的
【SYN】 incredible :
»We had an unbelievable (= very good) time in Paris.
我们在巴黎的日子快活极了。
»Conditions in the prison camp were unbelievable (= very bad).
集中营的生活条件糟糕透了。
»The cold was unbelievable (= it was extremely cold).
天气冷极了。
»It's unbelievable that (= very shocking) they have permitted this trial to go ahead.
令人震惊的是他们竟允许进行这项审讯。
2. very difficult to believe and unlikely to be true
• 难以相信的；不真实的
【SYN】 incredible :
»I found the whole story bizarre, not to say unbelievable.
我觉得整个事件经过荒诞不经,更不用说不可信了。
【OPP】 believable
♦ un∙believ∙ably adv.:
»unbelievably bad / good
坏得/好得令人难以置信
»Unbelievably it actually works.
难以相信的是,它确实有效。
'traffic jam
◙ noun
• a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or that can only move very slowly
• 堵车；交通阻塞:
»We were stuck in a traffic jam.
我们遇上了交通阻塞。
met∙ro∙pol∙itan / ˌmetrəˈpɔlitən; NAme -ˈpɑ:l- /
◙ adj. [only before noun]
1. (also NAmE informal metro) connected with a large or capital city
• 大城市的；大都会的:
»the New York metropolitan area
纽约市区
»metropolitan districts / regions
都市区
2. connected with a particular country rather than with the other regions of the world that the country controls
• 本土的:
»metropolitan France / Spain
法国/西班牙本土
via / ˈvaiə; ˈvi:ə /
◙ prep.
1. through a place
• 经由,经过(某一地方):
»We flew home via Dubai.
我们乘飞机经迪拜回国。
2. by means of a particular person, system, etc.
• 通过,凭藉(某人、系统等):
»I heard about the sale via Jane.
我从简那里听说了这次大减价。
»The news programme came to us via satellite.
新闻节目是通过衞星传送到我们这里来的。
vial / ˈvaiəl /
◙ noun
(especially NAmE) = phial
post∙pone / pəˈspəun; NAme pouˈspoun /
◙ verb
• ~ sth (to / until sth) to arrange for an event, etc. to take place at a later time or date
• 延迟；延期；展缓
【SYN】 put off :
▪ [VN]
»The game has already been postponed three times.
这场比赛已经三度延期了。
»We'll have to postpone the meeting until next week.
我们将不得不把会议推迟到下周举行。
▪ [V -ing]
»It was an unpopular decision to postpone building the new hospital.
延迟兴建新医院的决定是不得人心的。
--› compare cancel (1)
♦ post∙pone∙ment noun [U, C] :
»Riots led to the postponement of local elections.
骚乱致使地方选举延期了。
tun∙nel / ˈtʌnl /
◙ noun
1. a passage built underground, for example to allow a road or railway / railroad to go through a hill, under a river, etc.
• 地下通道；地道；隧道:
»a railway / railroad tunnel
铁路隧道
»the Channel Tunnel
英吉利海峡隧道
--› see also wind tunnel
2. an underground passage made by an animal
• (动物的)洞穴通道【IDIOMS】
--› see light n.
◙ verb
(-ll-, NAmE also -l-)
• [+adv. / prep.] to dig a tunnel under or through the ground
• 开凿隧道；挖地道:
▪ [V]
»The engineers had to tunnel through solid rock.
工程师须要在坚实的岩石中开凿隧道。
▪ [VN]
»The rescuers tunnelled their way in to the trapped miners.
救援人员挖地道通向那些被困的矿工。
sec∙tion / ˈsekʃn /
◙ noun
›› PART / PIECE 部份；部件
1. [C] any of the parts into which sth is divided
• 部份；部门:
»That section of the road is still closed.
那段公路依旧封闭。
»The library has a large biology section.
这个图书馆有大量的生物学藏书。
»the tail section of the plane
飞机的尾部
2. [C] a separate part of a structure from which the whole can be put together
• 部件；散件:
»The shed comes in sections that you assemble yourself.
棚房以散件出售,需要自己组装。
›› OF DOCUMENT / BOOK 文件；书籍
3. [C] a separate part of a document, book, etc.
• 节；款；项；段；部份:
»These issues will be discussed more fully in the next section.
这些问题将在下一节中有更充分的讨论。
»the sports section of the newspaper
报纸的体育栏
›› GROUP OF PEOPLE 人的群体
4. [C] a separate group within a larger group of people
• 阶层；界；组:
»an issue that will affect large sections of the population
涉及人口中广大阶层的问题
»the brass section of an orchestra
管弦乐队的铜管乐器组
--› see also rhythm section
›› OF ORGANIZATION 组织机构
5. [C] a department in an organization, institution, etc.
• 部门；处；科；股；组
【SYN】 division :
»He's the director of the finance section.
他是财务处处长。
›› DISTRICT 地区
6. [C] (NAmE) a district of a town, city or county
• 区；地区；地段:
»the Dorchester section of Boston
波士顿的多切斯特区
›› MEASUREMENT 度量
7. [C] (NAmE) a measure of land, equal to one square mile
• 一平方英里(土地单位)
›› DIAGRAM 图
8. [C] a drawing or diagram of sth as it would look if it were cut from top to bottom or from one side to the other
• 剖面图；断面图:
»The illustration shows a section through a leaf.
图中所示为叶的剖面。
»The architect drew the house in section.
建筑师绘制了房子的剖面图。
--› see also cross section (1)
›› MEDICAL 医疗
9. [C, U] (medical 医) the act of cutting or separating sth in an operation
• 切开；切断:
»The surgeon performed a section (= made a cut) on the vein.
外科医生施行了静脉切开手术。
--› see also Caesarean
10. [C] (medical 医, biology 生) a very thin flat piece cut from body tissue to be looked at under a microscope
• (供显微镜下观察的)切片:
»to examine a section from the kidney
观察肾脏切片
◙ verb [VN]
›› MEDICAL / BIOLOGY 医疗；生物学
1. (medical 医) to divide body tissue by cutting
• 切开；切断
2. (biology 生) to cut animal or plant tissue into thin slices in order to look at it under a microscope
• 做(动物或植物组织)切片
›› MENTAL PATIENT 精神病人
3. [often passive] (BrE) to officially order a mentally ill person to go and receive treatment in a psychiatric hospital, using a law that can force them to stay there until they are successfully treated
• (依法令精神病人)强制入院治疗【PHR V】
◘ ˌsection sth∽'off
• to separate an area from a larger one
• 隔出；划出:
»Parts of the town had been sectioned off.
城市的部份地区被划了出去。
link / liŋk /
◙ noun
1. ~ (between A and B) a connection between ten or more people or things
• 联系；连接:
»Police suspect there may be a link between the ten murders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
»evidence for a strong causal link between exposure to sun and skin cancer
太阳曝晒与皮肤癌之间有紧密因果关系的证据
--› see also missing link
2. ~ (between A and B) | ~ (with sth) a relationship between ten or more people, countries or organizations
• 关系；纽带:
»to establish trade links with Asia
与亚洲建立贸易关系
»Social customs provide a vital link between generations.
社会风俗在代与代之间起到了极其重要的纽带作用。
3. a means of travelling or communicating between ten places
• 交通路线；通讯手段:
»a high-speed rail link
高速的铁路交通
»a link road
连接起来的道路
»a video link
视频线路
»The speech was broadcast via a satellite link.
这次演讲是通过衞星播放的。
4. (computing 计) a place in an electronic document that is connected to another electronic document or to another part of the same document
• 链接:
»To visit similar websites to this one, click on the links at the bottom of the page.
要访问与这个网站类似的网站,点击网页底部的链接。
--› see also hotlink
5. each ring of a chain
• (链状物的)环,节,圈
--› see also cufflink 【IDIOMS】
◘ a link in the 'chain
• one of the stages in a process or a line of argument
• 链条中的一个环节；整个过程中的一个阶段
--› more at weak
◙ verb [VN] [often passive] ~ A to / with B | ~ A and B (together)
1. to make a physical or electronic connection between six object, machine, place, etc. and another
• 把(物体、机器、地方等)连接起来
【SYN】 connect :
»The video cameras are linked to a powerful computer.
这些摄像机是与一台功能强大的计算机相连接的。
»The Channel Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.
英吉利海峡隧道把英国和欧洲其他国家连接起来了。
»When computers are networked, they are linked together so that information can be transferred between them.
计算机联网连接,即彼此可供互传信息。
2. if sth links two things, facts or situations, or they are linked, they are connected in some way
• 联系；相关联:
»Exposure to ultraviolet light is closely linked to skin cancer.
受紫外线照射与皮肤癌紧密相关。
»The ten factors are directly linked.
这两个因素直接联系在一起。
»The personal and social development of the child are inextricably linked (= they depend on each other).
儿童在自身和与人交往两方面的成长是相辅相成的。
3. to state that there is a connection or relationship between ten things or people
• 说明(两件东西或两人之间)有联系(或关系)
【SYN】 associate :
»Detectives have linked the break-in to a similar crime in the area last year.
侦探认为这起入室盗窃案与去年此地区一类似案件有关。
»Newspapers have linked his name with the singer.
报章报道把他的名字与那名歌手连在一起。
4. to join ten things by putting six through the other
• 挽住；鈎住；套在一起:
»The ten girls linked arms as they strolled down the street.
两个女孩挽着胳臂沿街漫步而行。 【PHR V】
◘ ˌlink 'up (with sb / sth)
• to join or become joined with sb / sth
• (与…)连接,结合；使连接；使结合:
»The ten spacecraft will link up in orbit.
两艘宇宙飞船将在轨道上对接。
»The bands have linked up for a charity concert.
这些乐队已联合起来,准备办一场慈善音乐会。
--› related noun link-up
inter∙val / ˈintəvl; NAme ˈintərvl /
◙ noun
1. a period of time between two events
• (时间上的)间隔,间隙,间歇:
»The interval between major earthquakes might be 200 years.
大地震之间的间隔时间可能有 200 年。
2. (BrE) (also inter∙mis∙sion NAmE, BrE) a short period of time separating parts of a play, film / movie or concert
• (戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息,休息时间:
»There will be an interval of 20 minutes after the second act.
第二幕结束后将休息 20 分钟。
3. [usually pl.] a short period during which sth different happens from what is happening the rest of the time
• (其他事情)穿插出现的间隙:
»She's delirious, but has lucid intervals.
她神志昏乱,但有时清醒。
»(BrE) The day should be mainly dry with sunny intervals.
白天大部份时间应无雨,间有阳光。
4. (music 音) a difference in pitch (= how high or low a note sounds) between two notes
• 音程:
»an interval of one octave
一个八度音程 【IDIOMS】
◘ at (...) intervals
1. with time between
• 每隔…时间；间或；不时:
»Buses to the city leave at regular intervals.
开往城里的公共汽车每隔一定时间发出一班。
»The runners started at 5-minute intervals.
赛跑的人每隔 5 分钟出发一批。
2. with spaces between
• 每隔…距离；间隔:
»Flaming torches were positioned at intervals along the terrace.
沿台阶间隔地插着燃烧着的火炬。
choke / tʃəuk; NAmE tʃouk /
◙ verb
1. ~ (on sth) to be unable to breathe because the passage to your lungs is blocked or you cannot get enough air; to make sb unable to breathe
• 窒息；哽噎:
▪ [V]
»He was choking on a piece of toast.
他被一块烤麪包噎得透不过气来。
»She almost choked to death in the thick fumes.
她几乎被浓烟呛死。
▪ [VN]
»Very small toys can choke a baby.
很小的玩具也能使婴儿窒息。
2. [VN] to make sb stop breathing by squeezing their throat
• (掐住喉咙)使停止呼吸,使窒息
【SYN】 strangle :
»He may have been choked or poisoned.
他可能是被掐死或毒死的。
3. ~ (with sth) to be unable to speak normally especially because of strong emotion; to make sb feel too emotional to speak normally
• (尤指感情激动而)说不出话来,使哽咽:
▪ [V]
»His voice was choking with rage.
他气得声音哽咽。
▪ [VN]
»Despair choked her words.
她绝望得说不出话来。
»'I can't bear it,' he said in a choked voice.
"我实在忍不下去了。"他声音哽咽地说道。
--› see also choked
4. [VN] ~ sth (up) (with sth) to block or fill a passage, space, etc. so that movement is difficult
• 阻塞,塞满,堵塞(通道、空间等):
»The pond was choked with rotten leaves.
池塘被腐烂的叶子塞满了。
»The roads are choked up with traffic.
几条马路都在塞车。
5. [V] (NAmE, informal) to fail at sth, for example because you are nervous
• (因紧张等而)失败,失灵,失去作用【PHR V】
◘ ˌchoke sth∽'back
• to try hard to prevent your feelings from showing
• 强忍住；抑制；克制:
»to choke back tears / anger / sobs
强忍住眼泪/愤怒/哭泣
◘ ˌchoke sth∽'down
• to swallow sth with difficulty
• 硬咽；硬吞
◘ ˌchoke sth∽'off
1. to prevent or limit sth
• 阻止；制止；限制:
»High prices have choked off demand.
高昂的价格制约了需求。
2. to interrupt sth; to stop sth
• 打断；停止；终止:
»Her screams were suddenly choked off.
她的尖叫声戛然而止。
◘ ˌchoke 'out ◘ | choke out sth
• to say sth with great difficulty because you feel a strong emotion
• (因感情激动而)哽咽着说,哽咽地说出某事:
»He choked out a reply.
他哽咽着回答。
▪ [+ speech ]
»'I hate you!' she choked out.
"我恨你！"她哽咽着说道。
◘ ˌchoke 'up (NAmE)
• to find it difficult to speak, because of the strong emotion that you are feeling
• (因感情激动而)哽咽:
»She choked up when she began to talk about her mother.
她开始谈起母亲时,便哽咽着说不出话来。
◙ noun
1. a device that controls the amount of air flowing into the engine of a vehicle
• (车辆发动机的)阻风门,阻塞门
2. an act or the sound of choking
• 窒息；哽噎；哽噎声；呛住的声音
under∙take / ˌʌndəˈteik; NAme -dərˈt- /
◙ verb (under∙took / -ˈtuk / under∙taken / -ˈteikən / ) (formal)
1. əʒŋ] to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it
• 承担；从事；负责:
»to undertake a task / project
承担一个任务/项目
»University professors both teach and undertake research.
大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。
»The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.
公司已经宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。
2. to agree or promise that you will do sth
• 承诺；允诺；答应:
▪ [V to inf]
»He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
他答应星期五或之前完成这一工作。
▪ [also V that]
own∙er∙ship / ˈəunəʃip; NAme ˈounərʃip /
◙ noun [U]
• the fact of owning sth
• 所有权；产权；物主身分:
»a growth in home ownership
房屋所有权的增长
»Ownership of the land is currently being disputed.
这块土地的所有权现在还有争议。
»to be in joint / private / public ownership
为共有/私有/公有产权
»The restaurant is under new ownership.
这个餐厅已换了新的东家。
au∙thor∙ity / ɔ:ˈθɔrəti; NAmE əˈθɔ:r-; əˈθɑ:r- /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
›› POWER 权力
1. [U] the power to give orders to people
• 权力；管辖权；当权(地位):
»in a position of authority
当权
»She now has authority over the people who used to be her bosses.
她现在管辖着过去是她上司的那些人。
»Nothing will be done because no six in authority (= who has a position of power) takes the matter seriously.
什么也办不了,因为掌权的谁也不认真对待这个问题。
2. [U] ~ (to do sth) the power or right to do sth
• 权；职权:
»Only the manager has the authority to sign cheques.
只有经理才有权签支票。
›› PERMISSION 准许
3. [U] official permission to do sth
• 批准；授权:
»It was done without the principal's authority.
做这件事未经校长批准。
»We acted under the authority of the UN.
我们是经联合国授权行动的。
›› ORGANIZATION 组织机构
4. [C, usually pl.] the people or an organization who have the power to make decisions or who have a particular area of responsibility in a country or region
• 当局；官方；当权者:
»The health authorities are investigating the problem.
衞生当局正在调查这个问题。
»I have to report this to the authorities.
我得向官方报告此事。
--› see also local authority
›› KNOWLEDGE 知识
5. [U] the power to influence people because they respect your knowledge or official position
• 权威；威信；影响力:
»He spoke with authority on the topic.
他就这个课题发表权威意见。
›› EXPERT 专家
6. [C] ~ (on sth) a person with special knowledge
• 专家；学术权威；泰斗
【SYN】 specialist :
»She's an authority on criminal law.
她是刑法专家。 【IDIOMS】
◘ have sth on good au'thority
• to be able to believe sth because you trust the person who gave you the information
• 有可靠的根据
archi∙tect / ˈɑ:kitekt; NAmE ˈɑ:rk- /
◙ noun
1. a person whose job is designing buildings, etc.
• 建筑师
2. a person who is responsible for planning or creating an idea, an event or a situation
• 设计师；缔造者；创造者:
»He was six of the principal architects of the revolution.
他是那次革命的主要发动者之一。
»Jones was the architect of the team's first goal.
琼斯是球队入第一球的发动者。
prime / praim /
◙ adj. [only before noun]
1. main; most important; basic
• 主要的；首要的；基本的:
»My prime concern is to protect my property.
我最关心的是保护自己的财产。
»Winning is not the prime objective in this sport.
获胜不是这项体育运动的主要目的。
»The care of the environment is of prime importance.
保护环境是最重要的。
»He's the police's prime suspect in this case.
他是该案中警方的主要怀疑对象。
--› note at main
2. of the best quality; excellent
• 优质的；上乘的；优异的:
»prime (cuts of) beef
上等的牛肉(块)
»The store has a prime position in the mall.
这家商店位于商业中心一个非常理想的位置。
3. a prime example of sth is six that is typical of it
• 典型的；有代表性的:
»The building is a prime example of 1960s architecture.
这座大楼是 20 世纪 60 年代的典型建筑。
4. most likely to be chosen for sth; most suitable
• 最可能的；首选的；最适宜的:
»The house is isolated and a prime target for burglars.
这座孤零零的房子是盗贼的首选目标。
»He's a prime candidate for promotion.
他是获得晋升机会的最佳人选。
◙ noun [sing.]
• the time in your life when you are strongest or most successful
• 盛年；年富力强的时期；鼎盛时期:
»a young woman in her prime
正当妙龄的女郎
»He was barely 30 and in the prime of (his) life.
他还不满 30 岁,正是英姿勃发的年华。
»These flowers are long past their prime.
这些花的鼎盛花期早过了。
◙ verb
1. ~ sb (for / with sth) to prepare sb for a situation so that they know what to do, especially by giving them special information
• 事先指点；使(某人)做好准备
【SYN】 brief :
▪ [VN]
»They had been primed with good advice.
他们事先得到了高人指点。
»She was ready and primed for action.
她已胸有成竹、跃跃欲试了。
▪ [VN to inf]
»He had primed his friends to give the journalists as little information as possible.
他已经知会他的朋友,尽量少向记者透露消息。
2. [VN] to make sth ready for use or action
• 把(事物)准备好:
»The bomb was primed, ready to explode.
炸弹已准备好,可随时引爆。
3. [VN] to prepare wood, metal, etc. for painting by covering it with a special paint that helps the next layer of paint to stay on
• 在(金属、木材等上)打底漆【IDIOMS】
◘ prime the 'pump
• to encourage the growth of a new or weak business or industry by putting money into it
• 投资以振兴(新的或不景气的企业或行业)
min∙is∙ter / ˈministə(r) /
◙ noun
1. (often Minister) (BrE) (in Britain and many other countries) a senior member of the government who is in charge of a government department or a branch of one
• (英国及其他许多国家的)部长,大臣:
»the Minister of Education
教育部长
»a meeting of EU Foreign Ministers
欧盟外交部长会议
»senior ministers in the Cabinet
内阁中的高级部长
»cabinet ministers
内阁部长
--› see also first minister , prime minister
2. (in some Protestant Christian Churches 某些新教教会的) a trained religious leader
• 牧师:
»a Methodist minister
循道宗牧师
--› compare pastor , priest , vicar
3. a person, lower in rank than an ambassador , whose job is to represent their government in a foreign country
• 公使；外交使节
◙ verb
【PHR V】
◘ 'minister to sb / sth (formal)
• to care for sb, especially sb who is sick or old, and make sure that they have everything they need
• 照料,服侍(年老或体弱者等)
【SYN】 tend
ˌprime 'minister (also ˌPrime 'Minister)
◙ noun (abbr. PM)
• the main minister and leader of the government in some countries
• 首相；总理
en∙large / inˈlɑ:dʒ; NAmE -ˈlɑ:rdʒ /
◙ verb
1. to make sth bigger; to become bigger
• 扩大；扩充；扩展；增大:
▪ [VN]
»There are plans to enlarge the recreation area.
已经有了扩大娱乐场地的计划。
»Reading will enlarge your vocabulary.
阅读能扩大词汇量。
▪ [also V]
2. [VN] [usually passive] to make a bigger copy of a photograph or document
• 放大(照片或文件):
»We're going to have this picture enlarged.
我们准备将这张照片放大。
♦ en∙larged adj.:
»an enlarged heart
肥大的心脏 【PHR V】
◘ en'large on / upon sth (formal)
• to say or write more about sth that has been mentioned
• 详述；细说
【SYN】 elaborate
ˌuser-'friend∙ly
◙ adj.
• easy for people who are not experts to use or understand
• 方便非专业用户的；便于使用的；易于掌握的
♦ ˌuser-'friendli∙ness noun [U]
an∙ni∙ver∙sary / ˌæniˈvə:səri; NAmE -ˈvə:rs- /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
• a date that is an exact number of years after the date of an important or special event
• 周年纪念日:
»on the anniversary of his wife's death
在他妻子去世的周年忌日
»to celebrate your wedding anniversary
庆祝结婚纪念日
»the theatre's 25th anniversary celebrations
剧院 25 周年庆祝活动
sub∙way / ˈsʌbwei /
◙ noun
1. (NAmE) an underground railway / railroad system in a city
• 地下铁道；地铁交通:
»the New York subway
纽约地铁
»a subway station / train
地铁站/列车
»a downtown subway stop
闹市区的地铁站
»to ride / take the subway
乘地铁
--› note at underground
2. (BrE) a path that goes under a road, etc. which people can use to cross to the other side
• (穿越马路等的)地下人行道
【SYN】 underpass
plat∙form / ˈplætfɔ:m; NAme -fɔ:rm /
◙ noun
›› AT TRAIN STATION 火车站
1. the raised flat area beside the track at a train station where you get on or off the train
• 站台；月台:
»(BrE) What platform does it go from?
火车从哪个站台发车？
»(BrE) The train now standing at platform 1 is for Leeds.
停靠在 1 号站台的火车是开往利兹的。
--› compare track n. (4)
›› FOR PERFORMERS 表演用
2. a flat surface raised above the level of the ground or floor, used by public speakers or performers so that the audience can see them
• 讲台；舞台
【SYN】 rostrum :
»Coming onto the platform now is tonight's conductor, Jane Glover.
现在出场的是今晚的指挥简 · 格洛弗。
»Representatives of both parties shared a platform (= they spoke at the same meeting).
两党的代表同台发言。
›› RAISED SURFACE 凸起的平面
3. a raised level surface, for example six that equipment stands on or is operated from
• 平台:
»an oil / gas platform
石油/天然气钻井平台
»a launch platform (= for spacecraft )
发射平台
»a viewing platform giving stunning views over the valley
纵览山谷美景的观景台
›› POLITICS / OPINIONS 政治；观点
4. [usually sing.] the aims of a political party and the things that they say they will do if they are elected to power
• (政党的)纲领,政纲,宣言:
»They are campaigning on an anti-immigration platform.
他们正在宣传反对外来移民的政纲。
5. an opportunity or a place for sb to express their opinions publicly or make progress in a particular area
• (公开表达意见或在某方面发展的)机会,阵地,讲坛:
»She used the newspaper column as a platform for her feminist views.
她以这个报纸专栏为讲坛,宣传她的女权主义观点。
›› COMPUTING 计算机技术
6. the type of computer system or the software that is used
• 计算机平台:
»an IBM platform
国际商用机器公司平台
»a multimedia platform
多媒体平台
›› SHOES 鞋子
7. a high thick sole of a shoe
• 厚鞋底:
»platform shoes
厚底鞋
›› ON BUS 公共汽车
8. (BrE) the open part at the back of a double-decker bus where you get on or off
• (双层汽车的)上下车出入口,入口平台
growth / ɡrəuθ; NAmE ɡrouθ /
◙ noun
1. [U] (of people, animals or plants 人、动物或植物) the process of growing physically, mentally or emotionally
• 发育；成长；生长:
»Lack of water will stunt the plant's growth.
缺水会妨碍植物生长。
»Remove dead leaves to encourage new growth.
去掉枯叶以促进新叶生长。
»a concern with personal (= mental and emotional) growth and development
对个人成长和发展的重视
»growth hormones (= designed to make sb / sth grow faster)
生长激素
2. [U] ~ (in / of sth) an increase in the size, amount or degree of sth
• 增加；增长；增强:
»population growth
人口增长
»the rapid growth in violent crime
暴力犯罪的迅速增加
3. [U] an increase in economic activity
• 经济增长；经济发展:
»a disappointing year of little growth in Britain and America
英美经济增长无几令人沮丧的一年
»policies aimed at sustaining economic growth
旨在保持经济增长的政策
»an annual growth rate of 10%
* 10% 的年增长率
»a growth area / industry
经济增长的领域/行业
4. [C] a lump caused by a disease that forms on or inside a person, an animal or a plant
• 赘生物:
»a malignant / cancerous growth
恶性/癌性赘生物
5. [U, C] something that has grown
• 生长物；长成物；产物:
»The forest's dense growth provides nesting places for a wide variety of birds.
森林里茂密的植物为各种各样的鸟儿提供了筑巢的地方。
»several days' growth of beard
长了几天的胡须
en∙quiry (also in∙quiry especially in NAmE) / inˈkwaiəri; NAmE usually ˈinkwəri /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [C] ~ (into sth) an official process to find out the cause of sth or to find out information about sth
• 调查；查究；查问:
»to hold / order an enquiry into the affair
对此事进行调查；责令调查此事
»a murder enquiry
谋杀案调查
»a public enquiry into the environmental effects of the proposed new road
拟建新路对环境影响的公开调查
2. [C] ~ (from sb) (about sb / sth) a request for information about sb / sth; a question about sb / sth
• 询问；打听:
»a telephone enquiry
电话查询
»We received over 300 enquiries about the job.
我们收到 300 多封信询问这个工作的情况。
»I'll have to make a few enquiries (= try to find out about it) and get back to you.
我得打听打听再给你答覆。
»enquiries from prospective students
未来学生的询问
»(BrE) Two men have been helping police with their enquiries (= are being questioned about a crime, but have not been charged with it).
两名男子一直在协助警方调查。
3. [U] the act of asking questions or collecting information about sb / sth
• 查询；探究；探索:
»scientific enquiry
科学探索
»The police are following several lines of enquiry.
警方正沿着几条线索进行调查。
»a committee of enquiry
调查委员会
4. enquiries [pl.] (BrE) a place where you can get information
• 问讯处:
»Ask at enquiries to see if your bag has been handed in.
到问讯处看看是否有人交来了你的包。
--› see also directory enquiries
hand∙ful / ˈhændful /
◙ noun
1. [C] ~ (of sth) the amount of sth that can be held in one hand
• 一把(的量)；用手抓起的数量:
»a handful of rice
一把米
2. [sing.] ~ (of sb / sth) a small number of people or things
• 少数人(或物):
»Only a handful of people came.
只有少数几个人来了。
3. a ~ [sing.] (informal) a person or an animal that is difficult to control
• 难以控制的人(或动物):
»Her children can be a real handful.
她的孩子们有时很难管教。
split / split /
◙ verb
(split∙ting, split, split)
›› DIVIDE 分开
1. to divide, or to make a group of people divide, into smaller groups that have very different opinions
• 分裂,使分裂(成不同的派别):
▪ [VN]
»a debate that has split the country down the middle
使全国分成两大派的一场争论
▪ [V]
»The committee split over government subsidies.
在政府补贴的问题上,委员会出现了相互对立的意见。
2. ~ (sth) (into sth) to divide, or to make sth divide, into two or more parts
• 分开,使分开(成为几个部份):
▪ [VN]
»She split the class into groups of four.
她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。
▪ [V]
»The results split neatly into two groups.
结果恰巧分成两类。
--› see also split up
3. [VN] ~ sth (between sb / sth) | ~ sth (with sb) to divide sth into two or more parts and share it between different people, activities, etc.
• 分担；分摊；分享:
»She split the money she won with her brother.
她把得到的钱与弟弟分了。
»His time is split between the London and Paris offices.
他一半时间在伦敦的办事处,一半时间在巴黎的办事处。
--› see also split up
›› TEAR 撕裂
4. ~ (sth) (open) to tear, or to make sth tear, along a straight line
• (使)撕裂:
▪ [V]
»Her dress had split along the seam.
她的连衣裙顺着接缝裂开了。
▪ [V-ADJ]
»The cushion split open and sent feathers everywhere.
垫子撕破了,羽毛掉得到处都是。
▪ [VN]
»Don't tell me you've split another pair of pants!
你不会又把一条裤子撑破了吧！
▪ [also VN-ADJ]
›› CUT 割伤
5. ~ sth (open) to cut sb's skin and make it bleed
• 划破；割破；碰破:
▪ [VN-ADJ]
»She split her head open on the cupboard door.
她碰到碗橱门上把头碰破了。
▪ [VN]
»How did you split your lip?
你怎么把嘴唇划破了？
›› END RELATIONSHIP 断绝关系
6. [V] ~ (from / with sb) to leave sb and stop having a relationship with them
• (和某人)断绝关系,分手；离开(某人):
»The singer split with his wife last June.
那歌手去年六月和妻子分手了。
»She intends to split from the band at the end of the tour.
她打算在巡回演出结束后离开乐队。
--› see also split up
›› LEAVE 离开
7. [V] (old-fashioned, informal) to leave a place quickly
• (迅速)离开,走:
»Let's split!
咱们快走吧！ 【IDIOMS】
◘ split the 'difference
• (when discussing a price, etc.) to agree on an amount that is at an equal distance between the two amounts that have been suggested
• (讲价等)各让一步,折衷
◘ split 'hairs
• to pay too much attention in an argument to differences that are very small and not important
• 在细节上过分纠缠
◘ split an in'finitive
• to place an adverb between 'to' and the infinitive of a verb, for example, to say 'to strongly deny a rumour'. Some people consider this to be bad English style.
• 使用分裂不定式(在 to 和不定式之间插入副词,如 to strongly deny a rumour,有人认为这种风格不好)
◘ split your 'sides (laughing / with laughter)
• to laugh a lot at sb / sth
• 笑破肚皮；笑弯腰
◘ split the 'ticket
(US) (politics 政)
• to vote for candidates from more than one party
• 投两党或两党以上候选人的票
--› more at middle n. 【PHR V】
◘ ˌsplit a'way / 'off (from sth) ◘ | ˌsplit sth∽a'way / 'off (from sth)
• to separate from, or to separate sth from, a larger object or group
• (使)脱离,分裂出去,分离:
»A rebel faction has split away from the main group.
一帮反叛者从核心组织中分裂了出去。
»The storm split a branch off from the main trunk.
暴风雨把一根树枝从树干上刮了下来。
◘ 'split on sb (to sb) (BrE, informal)
• to tell sb in authority about sth wrong, dishonest etc. that sb else has done
• (向…)告发,揭发:
»Don't worry—he won't split on us.
别担心——他不会出卖我们的。
◘ ˌsplit 'up (with sb)
• to stop having a relationship with sb
• (和某人)断绝关系,分手:
»My parents split up last year.
我父母去年离婚了。
»She's split up with her boyfriend.
她和男朋友分手了。
◘ ˌsplit sb 'up
• to make two people stop having a relationship with each other
• 使断绝关系；拆散:
»My friend is doing her best to split us up.
我的朋友竭力想拆散我们。
◘ ˌsplit sb 'up ◘ | ˌsplit 'up
• to divide a group of people into smaller parts; to become divided up in this way
• (把…)分成小组,化整为零:
»We were split up into groups to discuss the question.
我们分组讨论了那个问题。
»Let's split up now and meet again at lunchtime.
我们现在先分开,午饭时再集合。
◘ ˌsplit sth∽'up
• to divide sth into smaller parts
• 划分；分解:
»The day was split up into 6 one-hour sessions.
一天的活动分作 6 个时段,每个时段一小时。
◙ noun
›› DISAGREEMENT 分歧
1. [C] ~ (between A and B) | ~ (with sb / sth) a disagreement that divides a group of people or makes sb separate from sb else
• 分歧；分裂；分离:
»a damaging split within the party leadership
党的领导层内部不利的分歧现象
»the years following his bitter split with his wife
他和妻子痛苦分手后的那些年
›› DIVISION 划分
2. [sing.] a division between two or more things; one of the parts that sth is divided into
• 划分；分别；份额:
»He demanded a 50–50 split in the profits.
他要求利润对半分成。
›› TEAR / HOLE 裂缝；裂口
3. [C] a long crack or hole made when sth tears
• 裂缝；裂口:
»There's a big split in the tent.
帐篷上撕了一个大口子。
›› BANANA DISH 香蕉甜食
4. [C] a sweet dish made from fruit, especially a banana cut in two along its length, with cream, ice cream, etc. on top
• 香蕉船,水果船(将香蕉等纵切成条状作底,上覆奶油或冰淇淋等):
»a banana split
香蕉船
›› BODY POSITION 身体姿势
5. the splits [pl.] (US also split [sing.]) a position in which you stretch your legs flat across the floor in opposite directions with the rest of your body vertical
• 劈叉:
»a gymnast doing the splits
做劈叉的体操运动员
an∙nual / ˈænjuəl /
◙ adj. [usually before noun]
1. happening or done once every year
• 每年的；一年一次的；年度的:
»an annual meeting / event / report
年会；一年一度的大事；年度报告
2. relating to a period of one year
• 一年的:
»an annual income / subscription / budget
年收入；年度订阅费；年度预算
»an average annual growth rate of 8%
平均 8% 的年增长率
»annual rainfall
年降雨量
--› compare biannual
◙ noun
1. a book, especially one for children, that is published once a year, with the same title each time, but different contents
• 年刊；年报；年鉴
2. any plant that grows and dies within one year or season
• 一年生植物；一季生植物
--› compare biennial n., perennial n.
re∙cep∙tion∙ist / riˈsepʃənist /
◙ noun
• a person whose job is to deal with people arriving at or telephoning a hotel, an office building, a doctor's surgery , etc.
• 接待员
de∙tail / ˈdi:teil; US also diˈteil /
◙ noun
›› FACTS / INFORMATION 事实；信息
1. [C] a small individual fact or item; a less important fact or item
• 细微之处；枝节；琐事:
»an expedition planned down to the last detail
计划详尽的探险
»He stood still, absorbing every detail of the street.
他一动不动地站着,不放过街上的每一细微之处。
»Tell me the main points now; leave the details till later.
现在把要点告诉我,细节留到以后再说。
2. [U] the small facts or features of sth, when you consider them all together
• 详情；全部细节:
»This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.
这个问题将在下一章详细论述。
»The research has been carried out with scrupulous attention to detail.
研究工作一丝不苟地完成了。
»He had an eye for detail (= noticed and remembered small details).
他很善于发现并记住细节。
»The fine detail of the plan has yet to be worked out.
这个方案的细节尚需制订出来。
3. details [pl.] information about sth
• 具体情况；(关于某事物的)资料,消息:
»Please supply the following details: name, age and sex.
请提供下列具体情况:姓名、年龄及性别。
»Further details and booking forms are available on request.
备有详细资料和订购单以供索取。
»They didn't give any details about the game.
他们没有提供这场比赛的具体情况。
»'We had a terrible time—' 'Oh, spare me the details (= don't tell me any more).'
"我们倒霉透了——" "唉呀,别给我细说了。"
›› SMALL PARTS 细部
4. [C, U] a small part of a picture or painting; the smaller or less important parts of a picture, pattern, etc. when you consider them all together
• (照片、绘画等的)细部,局部,次要部份:
»This is a detail from the 1844 Turner painting.
这是透纳 1844 年水彩画的一小部份。
»a huge picture with a lot of detail in it
一幅有很多细微之处的巨型画
›› SOLDIERS 士兵
5. [C] a group of soldiers given special duties
• 特遣队；小分队；支队【IDIOMS】
◘ go into 'detail(s)
• to explain sth fully
• 详细敍述；逐一说明:
»I can't go into details now; it would take too long.
我现在不能细说,太费工夫。
◙ verb
›› GIVE FACTS / INFORMATION 详述
1. [VN] to give a list of facts or all the available information about sth
• 详细列举；详细说明；详述:
»The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.
这本小册子详细介绍了当地所有旅馆及其设施。
›› ORDER SOLDIER 派遣士兵
2. [often passive] to give an official order to sb, especially a soldier, to do a particular task
• 派遣；选派；分遣:
▪ [VN to inf]
»Several of the men were detailed to form a search party.
几名士兵被派组成一个搜索队。
▪ [also VN]
›› CLEAN CAR 清洗汽车
3. [VN] (NAmE) to clean a car extremely thoroughly
• 彻底清洗(汽车):
»He got work for a while detailing cars.
他找到一个清洗汽车的临时工作。
re∙ser∙va∙tion / ˌrezəˈveiʃn; NAme -zərˈv- /
◙ noun
1. [C] an arrangement for a seat on a plane or train, a room in a hotel, etc. to be kept for you
• 预订；预约:
»I'll call the restaurant and make a reservation.
我要给饭店打个电话预订座位。
»We have a reservation in the name of Grant.
我们是以格兰特的名字预订的。
--› compare booking (1)
2. [C, U] a feeling of doubt about a plan or an idea
• 保留意见；疑惑
【SYN】 misgiving :
»I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.
我非常怀疑他有没有能力胜任这项工作。
»They support the measures without reservation (= completely).
他们毫无保留地支持这些措施。
3. (also re∙serve) [C] an area of land in the US that is kept separate for Native Americans to live in
• (美国为土着美洲人划出的)居留地
--› see also central reservation
4. [U] = reservation policy
news∙flash / ˈnju:zflæʃ; NAme ˈnu:z- / (also flash)
◙ noun
• (especially BrE) a short item of important news that is broadcast on radio or television, often interrupting a programme
• (插播的)简明新闻
time∙table / ˈtaimteibl /
◙ noun
1. (especially BrE) (NAmE usually sched∙ule) a list showing the times at which particular events will happen
• 时间表；时刻表:
»a bus / train timetable (= when they arrive and leave)
公共汽车/火车时刻表
»We have a new timetable each term (= showing the times of each class in school).
我们每个学期都有新的课程表。
»Sport is no longer so important in the school timetable (= all the subjects that are taught at schools).
体育课在学校的课程表上已不再是重点课。
2. a plan of when you expect or hope particular events to happen
• 预定计划；时间安排
【SYN】 schedule :
»I have a busy timetable this week (= I have planned to do many things).
这个星期我的时间安排得很紧。
»The government has set out its timetable for the peace talks.
政府已制订出和平谈判的时间表。
--› note at agenda
◙ verb [VN]
• [usually passive] (especially BrE) to arrange for sth to take place at a particular time
• 为…安排时间
【SYN】 schedule :
»A series of discussion groups has been timetabled for the afternoons.
一系列小组讨论已安排在各个下午进行。
♦ time∙tab∙ling noun [U]
de∙part∙ure / diˈpɑ:tʃə(r); NAmE -ˈpɑ:rt- /
◙ noun
1. [C, U] ~ (from...) the act of leaving a place; an example of this
• 离开；起程；出发:
»His sudden departure threw the office into chaos.
他的突然离去使这个部门陷入一片混乱。
»Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
航班应在起飞前 48 小时予以确认。
»They had received no news of him since his departure from the island.
自从他离开这座岛后,他们再没得到过他的消息。
【OPP】 arrival
2. [C] a plane, train, etc. leaving a place at a particular time
• (在特定时间)离开的飞机(或火车等):
»arrivals and departures
到站和离站班次时间
»All departures are from Manchester.
所有离站班次都从曼彻斯特出发。
»the departure lounge / time / gate
候机(或车)室；离站时间；登机(或上车)口
»the departures board
离站时刻牌
【OPP】 arrival
3. [C] ~ (from sth) an action that is different from what is usual or expected
• 背离；违反；逾越:
»It was a radical departure from tradition.
这从根本上违背了传统。
»Their latest single represents a new departure for the band.
他们最新出版的单曲唱片体现了这支乐队的新尝试。 【IDIOMS】
--› see point n.
ferry / ˈferi /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
• a boat that carries people, vehicles and goods across a river or across a narrow part of the sea
• 渡船；摆渡:
»the cross-channel ferry service
横渡海峡轮渡服务
»We caught the ferry at Ostend.
我们在奥斯坦德及时赶上了渡船。
»the Dover-Calais ferry crossing
多弗尔 — 加来轮渡
»the Staten Island ferry
斯塔滕岛渡船
◙ verb
(fer∙ries, ferry∙ing, fer∙ried, fer∙ried)
• [usually +adv. / prep.] to carry people or goods in a boat or other vehicle from one place to another, often for a short distance and as a regular service
• 渡运；摆渡:
▪ [VN]
»He offered to ferry us across the river in his boat.
他提出坐他的船把我们渡过河。
»The children need to be ferried to and from school.
孩子们上学放学需要摆渡。
▪ [also V]
port / pɔ:t; NAme pɔ:rt /
◙ noun
1. [C] a town or city with a harbour , especially one where ships load and unload goods
• 港口城市；港市；口岸:
»fishing ports
渔港
»Rotterdam is a major port.
鹿特丹是一个重要的港口城市。
2. [C, U] (abbr. Pt.) a place where ships load and unload goods or shelter from storms
• 港口；避风港:
»a naval port
军港
»The ship spent four days in port.
这艘船在港口停泊了四天。
»They reached port at last.
他们终于抵达港口。
»port of entry (= a place where people or goods can enter a country)
入境口岸
--› see also airport , free port , heliport , seaport
3. (also port 'wine) [U] a strong sweet wine, usually dark red, that is made in Portugal. It is usually drunk at the end of a meal.
• 波尔图葡萄酒(葡萄牙产)
4. [C] a glass of port
• 一杯波尔图葡萄酒
5. [U] the side of a ship or aircraft that is on the left when you are facing forward
• (船、飞机等的)左舷:
»the port side
左舷
--› compare starboard
6. [C] (computing 计) a place on a computer where you can attach another piece of equipment, often using a cable
• (输出或输入)端口；出入埠:
»the modem port
调制解调器端口 【IDIOMS】
◘ any port in a 'storm
•(saying) if you are in great trouble, you take any help that is offered
• 慌不择路；饥不择食；有病乱投医
◙ verb [VN]
• (computing 计) to copy software from one system or machine to another
• 移植(软件)
punc∙tual / ˈpʌŋktʃuəl /
◙ adj.
• happening or doing sth at the arranged or correct time; not late
• 按时的；准时的；守时的:
»She has been reliable and punctual.
她一直可靠守时。
»a punctual start at 9 o'clock
* 9 点整开始
♦ punc∙tu∙al∙ity / ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti / noun [U]
♦ punc∙tu∙al∙ly / ˈpʌŋktʃuəli / adv.:
»They always pay punctually.
他们一向按时付款。
arise / əˈraiz /
◙ verb
(arose / əˈrəuz; NAmE əˈrouz / , arisen / əˈrizn / )
▪ əʒ]
1. (rather formal) (especially of a problem or a difficult situation 尤指问题或困境) to happen; to start to exist
• 发生；产生；出现
【SYN】 occur :
»A new crisis has arisen.
新危机已经出现。
»We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.
如有任何变化,我们随时通知他们。
»Children should be disciplined when the need arises (= when it is necessary).
必要时孩子应该受到管教。
»A storm arose during the night.
夜间暴风雨大作。
2. ~ (out of / from sth) (rather formal) to happen as a result of a particular situation
• (由…)引起；(因…)产生:
»injuries arising out of a road accident
道路交通事故造成的伤害
»Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.
身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
»Are there any matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting?
上次会议记录方面有无尚待解决的事项？
3. (formal) to begin to exist or develop
• 出现；产生；发展:
»Several new industries arose in the town.
城里出现了好几种新行业。
4. (old use or literary) to get out of bed; to stand up
• 起牀；起立；起身:
»He arose at dawn.
他黎明即起。
5. (old use) to come together to protest about sth or to fight for sth
• 群起反对；奋起斗争:
»The peasants arose against their masters.
农民奋起反对奴役他们的人。
6. (literary) (of a mountain, a tall building, etc. 山、高大建筑物等) to become visible gradually as you move towards it
• (随着人走近而)逐渐显现
cyc∙list / ˈsaiklist /
◙ noun
• a person who rides a bicycle
• 骑自行车的人
--› compare bicyclist
ped∙es∙trian / pəˈdestriən /
◙ noun
• a person walking in the street and not travelling in a vehicle
• 行人；步行者
--› compare motorist
◙ adj.
1. [only before noun] used by or for the use of pedestrians ; connected with pedestrians
• 行人使用的；行人的:
»pedestrian areas
步行区
»Pedestrian accidents are down by 5%.
行人受伤事故下降了 5%。
2. without any imagination or excitement; dull
• 缺乏想像的；乏味的；无趣的
【SYN】 unimaginative
mini∙bus / ˈminibʌs /
◙ noun
• a small vehicle with seats for about twelve people
• 小型公共汽车；中巴
ag∙gres∙sive / əˈɡresiv /
◙ adj.
1. angry, and behaving in a threatening way; ready to attack
• 好斗的；挑衅的；侵略的；富于攻击性的:
»He gets aggressive when he's drunk.
他喝醉了就喜欢寻衅滋事。
»a dangerous aggressive dog
一条危险的恶犬
2. acting with force and determination in order to succeed
• 气势汹汹的；声势浩大的；志在必得的:
»an aggressive advertising campaign
一场声势浩大的广告宣传活动
»A good salesperson has to be aggressive in today's competitive market.
在当今竞争激烈的市场上,一个好的销售员应该有进取精神。
♦ ag∙gres∙sive∙ly adv.:
»'What do you want?' he demanded aggressively.
"你要怎么样？"他挑衅地问道。
»aggressively marketed products
极力推销的产品
♦ ag∙gres∙sive∙ness noun [U]
lane / lein /
◙ noun
1. a narrow road in the country
• (乡间)小路:
»winding country lanes
蜿蜒的乡间小路
»We drove along a muddy lane to reach the farmhouse.
我们驾车沿泥泞的小路到达农舍。
--› see also memory lane
2. (especially in place names 尤用于地名) a street, often a narrow one with buildings on both sides
• 小巷；胡同；里弄:
»The quickest way is through the back lanes behind the bus station.
最近的路是穿过公共汽车站后面的小巷。
»Park Lane
帕克里
3. a section of a wide road, that is marked by painted white lines, to keep lines of traffic separate
• 车道:
»the inside / middle lane
内/中车道
»the northbound / southbound lane
北行/南行车道
»to change lanes
改换车道
»She signalled and pulled over into the slow lane.
她给信号后把车开进了慢车道。
»a four-lane highway
四车道公路
--› see also bus lane , cycle lane , fast lane , outside lane , passing lane
4. a narrow marked section of a track or a swimming pool that is used by one person taking part in a race
• (比赛的)跑道,泳道:
»The Australian in lane four is coming up fast from behind.
第四道的澳大利亚运动员正从后面快速追赶上来。
5. a route used by ships or aircraft on regular journeys
• 航道；航线:
»one of the world's busiest shipping / sea lanes
世界上最繁忙的海运航线之一 【IDIOMS】
--› see fast lane
crash / kræʃ /
◙ noun
›› VEHICLE ACCIDENT 交通事故
1. (NAmE also wreck) an accident in which a vehicle hits sth, for example another vehicle, usually causing damage and often injuring or killing the passengers
• 撞车；碰撞；相撞:
»A girl was killed yesterday in a crash involving a stolen car.
昨天有一女孩在一桩涉及窃车撞车的事故中丧生。
»a car / plane crash
汽车撞车事故；飞机失事
›› LOUD NOISE 巨响
2. [usually sing.] a sudden loud noise made, for example, by sth falling or breaking
• (倒下、破碎等突然的)碰撞声,破裂声,碎裂声:
»The tree fell with a great crash.
那棵树哗啦一声倒了。
»The first distant crash of thunder shook the air.
远处的第一声霹雳震撼着天空。
›› IN FINANCE / BUSINESS 金融；商业
3. a sudden serious fall in the price or value of sth; the occasion when a business, etc. fails
• 暴跌；倒闭；破产；失败
【SYN】 collapse :
»the 1987 stock market crash
* 1987 年的股票市场暴跌
›› COMPUTING 计算机技术
4. a sudden failure of a machine or system, especially of a computer or computer system
• (机器或系统,尤指计算机或计算机系统的)崩溃
◙ verb
›› OF VEHICLE 交通工具
1. ~ (sth) (into sth) if a vehicle crashes or the driver crashes it, it hits an object or another vehicle, causing damage
• 碰撞；撞击
▪ [V]
»I was terrified that the plane would crash.
飞机会失事把我吓坏了。
»We're going to crash, aren't we?
我们要坠毁了,是不是？
»A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus.
货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
▪ [VN]
»He crashed his car into a wall.
他的汽车撞到了墙上。
›› HIT HARD / LOUD NOISE 猛撞；巨响
2. to hit sth hard while moving, causing noise and / or damage; to make sth hit sb / sth in this way
• (使)猛撞,碰撞
▪ [V +adv. / prep.]
»A brick crashed through the window.
砖块哗啦一声砸入了窗户。
»With a sweep of his hand he sent the glasses crashing to the floor.
他一挥手把眼镜碰到地上摔碎了。
▪ [V-ADJ]
»The door crashed open.
那门砰的一声给砸开了。
▪ [VN-ADJ]
»She stormed out of the room and crashed the door shut behind her.
她愤怒地冲出房间并随手把门砰的一声关上。
3. [V] to make a loud noise
• 使发出巨响:
»Thunder crashed overhead.
头顶上雷声隆隆。
›› IN FINANCE / BUSINESS 金融；商业
4. [V] (of prices, a business, shares, etc. 价格、业务、股票等) to lose value or fail suddenly and quickly
• (突然)贬值,倒闭,失败；暴跌:
»Share prices crashed to an all-time low yesterday.
昨天股票价格暴跌到了前所未有的最低纪录。
»The company crashed with debts of £50 million.
那家公司由于负债 5 000 万英镑而告破产。
›› COMPUTING 计算机技术
5. if a computer crashes or you crash a computer, it stops working suddenly
• 崩溃
▪ [V]
»Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes.
要是计算机系统突然崩溃,文件就可能丢失。
▪ [also VN]
›› PARTY 聚会
6. [VN] (informal) = gatecrash
›› IN SPORT 体育运动
7. [V , usually +adv. / prep.] (especially BrE) to lose very badly in a sports game
• (比赛中)溃败,惨败:
»The team crashed to their worst defeat this season.
那支队在这个赛季中输得最惨。
›› SLEEP 睡觉
8. [V] ~ (out) (informal) to fall asleep; to sleep somewhere you do not usually sleep
• 入睡；(在不常睡觉的地方)睡觉:
»I was so tired I crashed out on the sofa.
我累极了,在沙发上就睡着了。
»I've come to crash on your floor for a couple of nights.
我来你家打几个晚上的地铺。
›› MEDICAL 医学
9. [V] if sb crashes, their heart stops beating
• 心脏停止跳动【IDIOMS】
◘ a crashing 'bore
•(old-fashioned, BrE) a very boring person
• 讨厌透顶的人【PHR V】
◘ ˌcrash 'out (of sth) (sport 体) (BrE)
• to lose a game with the result that you have to stop playing in a competition
• 被淘汰:
»They crashed out of the World Cup after a 2-1 defeat to Brazil.
他们以 1:2 输给巴西之后在世界杯赛中淘汰出局。
◙ adj. [only before noun]
• involving hard work or a lot of effort over a short period of time in order to achieve quick results
• 应急的；速成的:
»a crash course in computer programming
计算机编程速成课程
»a crash diet
快速减肥规定饮食
fine / fain /
◙ adj. (finer, fin∙est)
›› VERY GOOD 很好
1. [usually before noun] of high quality; good
• 高质量的；美好的:
»a very fine performance
十分精彩的演出
»fine clothes / wines / workmanship
漂亮的衣服；美酒；精湛的工艺
»a particularly fine example of Saxon architecture
撒克逊式建筑的优秀范例
»Jim has made a fine job of the garden.
吉姆把花园拾掇得漂漂亮亮。
»people who enjoy the finer things in life (= for example art, good food, etc.)
享受美好生活的人
»He tried to appeal to their finer feelings (= feelings of duty, love, etc.).
他试图打动他们更美好的情感(即责任感、爱等)。
»It was his finest hour (= most successful period) as manager of the England team.
那是他作为英格兰队经理的鼎盛时期。
›› VERY WELL 很不错
2. (of a person 人) in good health
• 健康的；身体很好的:
»'How are you?' 'Fine, thanks.'
"你好吗？" "很好,谢谢。"
»I was feeling fine when I got up this morning.
今天早上我起牀时感觉很舒服。
--› note at well
›› ACCEPTABLE / GOOD ENOUGH 可接受；够好
3. (also used as an exclamation 亦作感叹词) used to tell sb that an action, a suggestion or a decision is acceptable
• (指行为、建议、决定)可接受:
»'I'll leave this here, OK?' 'Fine.'
"我把这个留在这儿,可以吗？" "可以。"
»'Bob wants to know if he can come too.' ' That's fine by me.'
"鲍勃想知道他是否也能来。" "我认为没问题。"
4. used to say you are satisfied with sth
• (表示满意)很好,不错,满意:
»Don't worry. Your speech was fine.
别担心。你的讲话挺好的。
»You go on without me. I'll be fine.
没有我你继续吧。我没事的。
»'Can I get you another drink?' 'No, thanks. I'm fine.'
"我可以再给你取一杯吗？" "不,谢谢。我够了。"
»(ironic) This is a fine (= terrible) mess we're in!
我们的处境好狼狈啊！
»(ironic) You're a fine one to talk ! (= you are not in a position to criticize, give advice, etc.)
哪有你说话的份！
›› ATTRACTIVE 有吸引力
5. [usually before noun] pleasing to look at
• 好看的；漂亮的:
»a fine view
美景
»a fine-looking woman
漂亮女人
»a fine figure of a man
身材俊美的男人
›› DELICATE 精致
6. [usually before noun] attractive and delicate
• 精巧的；精美的:
»fine bone china
精致的骨灰瓷
»She has inherited her mother's fine features (= a small nose, mouth, etc.).
她遗传了她母亲的清秀面容。
›› WEATHER 天气
7. (especially BrE) bright and not raining
• 晴朗的:
»a fine day / evening
晴朗的一天/晚上
»I hope it stays fine for the picnic.
我希望野餐那天还是晴天。
›› VERY THIN 纤细
8. very thin or narrow
• 纤细的；很细的:
»fine blond hair
纤细的金发
»a fine thread
细线
»a brush with a fine tip
笔头尖细的画笔
›› DETAIL / DISTINCTIONS 细节；差别
9. [usually before noun] difficult to see or describe
• 难以看出的；很难描述的
【SYN】 subtle :
»You really need a magnifying glass to appreciate all the fine detail.
确实需要放大镜才能欣赏到一切细微之处。
»There's no need to make such fine distinctions.
没有必要区分出如此细微的差别。
»There's a fine line between love and hate (= it is easy for one to become the other).
爱恨之间没有鸿沟。
›› WITH SMALL GRAINS 小颗粒
10. made of very small grains
• 小颗粒制成的；颗粒细微的:
»fine sand
细沙
»Use a finer piece of sandpaper to finish.
用细砂纸最后磨光。
【OPP】 coarse
›› PERSON 人
11. [only before noun] that you have a lot of respect for
• 值得尊敬的；杰出的:
»He was a fine man.
他是个优秀的人。
›› WORDS / SPEECHES 词语；话语
12. sounding important and impressive but unlikely to have any effect
• 漂亮的；虚饰的；辞藻华丽的:
»His speech was full of fine words which meant nothing.
他的演讲华而不实。
›› METALS 金属
13. (technical 术语) containing only a particular metal and no other substances that reduce the quality
• 纯的；无杂质的:
»fine gold
纯金 【IDIOMS】
◘ get sth down to a fine 'art
•(informal) to learn to do sth well and efficiently
• 把…学到家；学得非常在行:
»I spend so much time travelling that I've got packing down to a fine art.
我常常旅行,这就把打点行李学到家了。
◘ not to put too fine a 'point on it
• used to emphasize sth that is expressed clearly and directly, especially a criticism
• 直截了当地说,不客气地说(尤指批评):
»Not to put too fine a point on it, I think you are lying.
不客气地说,我认为你在撒谎。
--› more at chance n., fettle , line n.
◙ adv.
• (informal) in a way that is acceptable or good enough
• 可接受；够好；蛮不错:
»Keep going like that—you're doing fine.
就这样做下去——你做得蛮不错嘛。
»Things were going fine until you showed up.
你一露面就把事情搞糟了。
»That arrangement suits me fine.
那种安排对我很合适。
»(BrE) An omelette will do me fine (= will be enough for me).
一份摊鸡蛋我就够了。
◘ cut it / things 'fine
•(informal) to leave yourself just enough time to do sth
• 把时间扣得很紧；时间上不留余地:
»If we don't leave till after lunch we'll be cutting it very fine.
我们要是午饭以后才走,时间就紧得很了。
◙ noun
• a sum of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a law or rule
• 罚金；罚款:
»a parking fine
违规停车罚款
»Offenders will be liable to a heavy fine (= one that costs a lot of money).
违者须付巨额罚金。
»She has already paid over $2 000 in fines.
她已经付了 2 000 多元罚金。
◙ verb [often passive]
• ~ sb (sth) (for sth / for doing sth) to make sb pay money as an official punishment
• 处…以罚金:
▪ [VN]
»She was fined for speeding.
她因超速而被罚款。
▪ [VNN]
»The company was fined £20 000 for breaching safety regulations.
这家公司因违反安全条例而被罚款 2 万英镑。
drunk / drʌŋk /
--› see also drink v.
◙ adj.
1. [not usually before noun] having drunk so much alcohol that it is impossible to think or speak clearly
• (酒)醉:
»She was too drunk to remember anything about the party.
她喝得酩酊大醉,聚会上的事什么都记不得了。
»His only way of dealing with his problems was to go out and get drunk.
他解决烦心事的唯一办法就是出去喝个烂醉。
»They got drunk on vodka.
他们喝伏特加酒醉倒了。
»Police arrested him for being drunk and disorderly (= violent or noisy in a public place because of being drunk).
他因醉酒妨害治安被警方逮捕。
【OPP】 sober
2. ~ with sth (formal) in a great state of excitement because of a particular emotion or situation
• 陶醉；沉醉；飘飘然；忘乎所以:
»drunk with success
因成功而飘飘然 【IDIOMS】
◘ (as) drunk as a 'lord
(BrE) (NAmE as drunk as a 'skunk) (informal)
• very drunk
• 烂醉如泥
--› more at blind adv., roaring
◙ noun
• a person who is drunk or who often gets drunk
• 醉汉；酒鬼；酗酒者
vio∙late / ˈvaiəleit /
◙ verb [VN]
1. (formal) to go against or refuse to obey a law, an agreement, etc.
• 违反,违犯,违背(法律、协议等)
【SYN】 flout :
»to violate international law
违反国际法
2. (formal) to disturb or not respect sb's peace, privacy , etc.
• 侵犯(隐私等)；使人不得安宁；搅扰:
»She accused the press photographers of violating her privacy.
她指责新闻摄影记者侵犯了她的隐私。
3. to damage or destroy a holy or special place
• 亵渎,污损(神圣之地)
【SYN】 desecrate :
»to violate a grave
亵渎坟墓
4. (literary or old-fashioned) to force sb to have sex
• 强奸；奸污
【SYN】 rape
♦ vio∙la∙tion / ˌvaiəˈleiʃn / noun [U, C] :
»They were in open violation of the treaty.
他们公然违反条约。
»gross violations of human rights
对人权的粗暴践踏
♦ vio∙la∙tor noun
beer / biə(r); NAmE bir /
◙ noun
1. [U, C] an alcoholic drink made from malt and flavoured with hops . There are many types of beer.
• 啤酒:
»a barrel / bottle / glass of beer
一桶/一瓶/一杯啤酒
»beers brewed in Germany
德国酿造的啤酒
»a beer glass
啤酒杯
»Are you a beer drinker?
你经常喝啤酒吗？
2. [C] a glass, bottle or can of beer
• 一杯(或一瓶、一罐)啤酒:
»Shall we have a beer?
我们来杯啤酒吧？
--› see also ginger beer , guest beer , keg beer , root beer , small beer
turn∙ing / ˈtə:niŋ; NAme ˈtə:rniŋ / (BrE) (also turn NAmE, BrE)
◙ noun
• a place where a road leads away from the one you are travelling on
• 岔路口；拐弯处；转弯处:
»Take the first turning on the right.
在第一个路口向右拐。
»I think we must have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
我觉得我们一定是在什么地方拐错了路。
load / ləud; NAme loud /
◙ noun
›› STH CARRIED 负载物
1. [C] something that is being carried (usually in large amounts) by a person, vehicle, etc.
• 负载；负荷
【SYN】 cargo :
»The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their loads.
货车在仓库等着装载货物。
»The women came down the hill with their loads of firewood.
妇女们背着柴火下了山。
»These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy load.
这些背包是为携带重物设计的。
»A lorry shed its load (= accidentally dropped its load) on the motorway.
一辆卡车意外地把运载的货物掉落在高速公路上。
2. [C] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) the total amount of sth that sth can carry or contain
• 装载量；容纳量:
»a busload of tourists
一公共汽车游客
»They ordered three truckloads of sand.
他们订购了三卡车沙子。
»He put half a load of washing in the machine.
他把限量一半的衣物放进了洗衣机。
»The plane took off with a full load.
飞机满载起飞。
›› WEIGHT 重量
3. [C, usually sing.] the amount of weight that is pressing down on sth
• 承载量:
»a load-bearing wall
承重墙
»Modern backpacks spread the load over a wider area.
新式背包把承重量分散在更大的面积上。
›› LARGE AMOUNT 大量
4. [sing.] (BrE also loads [pl.]) ~ (of sth) (informal) a large number or amount of sb / sth; plenty
• 大量；许多:
»She's got loads of friends.
她有很多朋友。
»There's loads to do today.
今天有好多的事要做。
»He wrote loads and loads of letters to people.
他给人们写了很多很多的信。
»Uncle Jim brought a whole load of presents for the kids.
吉姆大叔给孩子们带来了一大堆礼物。
›› RUBBISH / NONSENSE 胡说八道；废话
5. [sing.] ~ of rubbish, garbage, nonsense, etc. (informal, especially BrE) used to emphasize that sth is wrong, stupid, bad, etc.
• (强调错误、愚蠢、糟糕等)胡说八道,废话:
»You're talking a load of rubbish.
一派胡言。
›› WORK 工作
6. [C] an amount of work that a person or machine has to do
• 工作量；负荷:
»Teaching loads have increased in all types of school.
各种学校的教学工作量都增加了。
--› see also caseload , workload
›› RESPONSIBILITY / WORRY 责任；忧虑
7. [C, usually sing.] a feeling of responsibility or worry that is difficult to deal with
• (责任或忧虑的)沉重感
【SYN】 burden :
»She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her family alone.
她认为她无法独自一人担负起养家活口的重任。
»Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.
得知他们平安到达后我如释重负。
›› ELECTRICAL POWER 电力
8. [C] the amount of electrical power that is being supplied at a particular time
• 供电量【IDIOMS】
◘ get a load of sb / sth
• (informal) used to tell sb to look at or listen to sb / sth
• (用以让人)看,听:
»Get a load of that dress!
你瞧那件衣服！
◙ verb
›› GIVE / RECEIVE LOAD 装载；承载
1. ~ (up) | ~ (up with sth) | ~ (up) (with sth) | ~ sth / sb (into / onto sth) to put a large quantity of things or people onto or into sth
• (把大量…)装上,装入:
▪ [VN]
»We loaded the car in ten minutes.
我们十分钟就装好了车。
»Can you help me load the dishwasher?
你帮我把碗碟放进洗碗机里好吗？
»Men were loading up a truck with timber.
工人正在把木料装上卡车。
»Sacks were being loaded onto the truck.
人们正在把麻袋装上卡车。
▪ [V]
»We finished loading and set off.
我们装完货物就出发了。
【OPP】 unload
2. [V] to receive a load
• 承载；装载:
»The ship was still loading.
那条船还在装货。
【OPP】 unload
3. [VN] to give sb a lot of things, especially things they have to carry
• 大量给予(尤指得携带的东西):
»They loaded her with gifts.
他们送了她很多礼物。
›› GUN / CAMERA 枪；照相机
4. ~ sth (into sth) | ~ sth (with sth) to put sth into a weapon, camera or other piece of equipment so that it can be used
• 把…装入(武器、照相机或其他设备):
▪ [VN]
»She loaded film into the camera.
她把胶卷装到照相机里。
»She loaded the camera with film.
她在照相机里装了胶卷。
»Is the gun loaded?
那支枪子弹上膛了吗？
▪ [also V]
【OPP】 unload
›› COMPUTING 计算机技术
5. to put data or a program into the memory of a computer
• 输入,装入,写入,载入,存贮(数据或程序):
▪ [VN]
»Have you loaded the software?
你装上这种软件了吗？
▪ [V]
»Wait for the game to load.
等着游戏软件安装完毕。
--› compare download
◘ load the 'dice (against sb)
[usually passive]
• to put sb at a disadvantage
• 使(某人)处于不利地位:
»He has always felt that the dice were loaded against him in life.
他总觉得自己一辈子都背运。 【PHR V】
◘ ˌload sb / sth 'down (with sth) əusually passive]
• to give sb / sth a lot of heavy things to carry
• 给…加以重负
【SYN】 weigh down :
»She was loaded down with bags of groceries.
她提着很多装着食品的杂货袋。
brake / breik /
◙ noun
1. a device for slowing or stopping a vehicle
• 刹车；制动器；车闸:
»to put / slam on the brakes
踩/猛踩刹车
»the brake pedal
刹车踏板
--› see also air brake , disc brake , footbrake , handbrake
2. ~ (on sth) a thing that stops sth or makes it difficult
• 阻力；障碍:
»High interest rates are a brake on the economy.
高利率阻碍了经济发展。 【IDIOMS】
--› see jam v.
◙ verb
• to go slower or make a vehicle go slower using the brake
• 用闸减速；刹(车):
▪ [V]
»The car braked and swerved.
那辆车减慢车速并来了个急转弯。
»The truck braked to a halt.
那辆卡车刹住了。
»You don't need to brake at every bend.
没必要一遇到拐弯就用车闸。
»She had to brake hard to avoid running into the car in front.
她不得不猛踩车闸,以免撞上前面的车。
▪ [VN]
»He braked the car and pulled in to the side of the road.
他减缓车速,然后开到路边。
tyre (BrE) (NAmE tire) / ˈtaiə(r) /
◙ noun
• a thick rubber ring that fits around the edge of a wheel of a car, bicycle, etc.
• 轮胎:
»a front tyre
前胎
»a back / rear tyre
后胎
»to pump up a tyre
给轮胎打气
»a flat / burst / punctured tyre
瘪了的/爆了的/扎了的轮胎
»bald / worn tyres
磨平的/磨损的轮胎
--› see also spare tyre
cross∙ing / ˈkrɔsiŋ; NAmE ˈkrɔ:s- /
◙ noun
1. a place where you can safely cross a road, a river, etc., or from one country to another
• (通过道路、河流等的)安全通行处；人行横道；渡口；(从一国到另一国的)过境处:
»The child was killed when a car failed to stop at the crossing.
汽车在人行横道线未能停车,结果把小孩撞死了。
»The next crossing point is a long way downstream.
下一个渡口在下游方向很远的地方。
»He was arrested by guards at the border crossing.
他在边境过境处被衞兵逮捕。
--› see also level crossing , pedestrian crossing , pelican crossing , zebra crossing
2. a place where two lines, two roads or two tracks cross
• (线的)交叉点；(道路的)十字路口；(轨道的)交叉道口
【SYN】 intersection
3. a journey across a sea or a wide river
• (海洋或宽阔江河的)横渡:
»a three-hour ferry crossing
三小时的轮渡
»a rough crossing from Dover to Calais
从多佛尔到加来波涛汹涌的横渡
»the first Atlantic crossing
首次横渡大西洋
4. an act of going from one side to another
• 穿越；横越:
»attempted crossings of the border
穿越边境未遂