m8u2
uni∙ver∙sal / ˌju:niˈvə:sl; NAme -ˈvə:rsl /
◙ adj.
1. done by or involving all the people in the world or in a particular group
• 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的:
»Such problems are a universal feature of old age.
这类问题是老年人的通病。
»Agreement on this issue is almost universal.
这个问题几乎取得全体一致的意见。
»universal suffrage (= the right of all the people in a country to vote)
普选权
2. true or right at all times and in all places
• 普遍存在的；广泛适用的:
»universal facts about human nature
人性的普遍现象
♦ uni∙ver∙sal∙ity / ˌju:nivə:ˈsæləti; NAme -və:rˈs- / noun:
»the universality of religious experience
宗教行为的普遍性
jazz / dʒæz /
◙ noun [U]
• a type of music with strong rhythms, in which the players often improvise (= make up the music as they are playing), originally created by African American musicians
• 爵士乐:
»a jazz band / club
爵士乐队/夜总会
»traditional / modern jazz
传统/现代爵士乐
»jazz musicians
爵士乐师
--› see also acid jazz 【IDIOMS】
◘ and all that 'jazz
•(informal) and things like that
• 以及诸如此类的东西(或事情):
»How's it going? You know—love, life and all that jazz.
怎么样啊？你知道——说的就是爱情、生活以及诸如此类的事情嘛。
◙ verb
【PHR V】
◘ ˌjazz sth∽'up (informal)
1. to make sth more interesting, exciting or attractive
• 使某事更有趣；使某事更令人兴奋；使某事更有吸引力
2. to make a piece of music sound more modern, or more like popular music or jazz
• 使一段音乐听起来更现代化；使更具有流行音乐(或爵士乐)的风格:
»It's a jazzed up version of an old tune.
这是把一段古老的曲调翻新了。
string / striŋ /
◙ noun
›› FOR TYING / FASTENING 捆/系用
1. [U, C] material made of several threads twisted together, used for tying things together; a piece of string used to fasten or pull sth or keep sth in place
• 细绳；线；带子:
»a piece / length of string
一根/一段细绳
»He wrapped the package in brown paper and tied it with string.
他用棕色包装纸把包裹包好,又用细绳捆上。
»The key is hanging on a string by the door.
钥匙拴在门边的带子上。
--› see also drawstring , G-string , purse strings
›› THINGS JOINED 串接物
2. [C] a set or series of things that are joined together, for example on a string
• 一串:
»a string of pearls
一串珍珠
»The molecules join together to form long strings.
分子连接在一起形成长串。
›› SERIES 系列
3. [C] a series of things or people that come closely one after another
• 一系列；一连串；一批:
»a string of hits
接二连三的成功
»He owns a string of racing stables.
他有好多个赛马训练场。
›› COMPUTING 计算机技术
4. [C] a series of characters (= letters, numbers, etc.)
• 字符串；信息串
›› MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 乐器
5. [C] a tightly stretched piece of wire, nylon , or catgut on a musical instrument, that produces a musical note when the instrument is played
• 弦
6. the strings [pl.] the group of musical instruments in an orchestra that have strings, for example violins ; the people who play them
• (管弦乐团的)弦乐器,弦乐器组:
»The opening theme is taken up by the strings.
开始的主旋律由弦乐继续发展。
--› compare brass (2), percussion , woodwind
›› ON TENNIS RACKET 网球拍
7. [C] any of the tightly stretched pieces of nylon , etc. in a racket , used for hitting balls in tennis and some other games
• 弦
›› CONDITIONS 条件
8. strings [pl.] special conditions or restrictions
• 特定条件(或限制):
»Major loans like these always come with strings.
诸如此类的大宗贷款总有一些附带条件。
»It's a business proposition, pure and simple. No strings attached.
这只是个业务建议,仅此而已。没有任何附带条件。 【IDIOMS】
◘ have another string / more strings to your bow
(BrE)
• to have more than one skill or plan that you can use if you need to
• 还另有一手；有两手准备
--› more at apron , long adj., pull v.
◙ verb
(strung, strung / strʌŋ / )
▪ əʒŋ]
›› HæŋG DəɔOɔæðɪOŋ 悬挂装饰物
1. ə+adv. / prep.] ~ æ on, along, in, etc. ɑ | ~ ɑ with æ to hang or tie sth in place, especially as decoration
• 悬挂；系；扎:
»Flags were strung out along the route.
沿途悬挂着旗子。
»The route was strung with flags.
沿途悬挂着旗子。
›› JOIN THINGS 串接东西
2. [+adv. / prep.] to put a series of small objects on string, etc.; to join things together with string, etc.
• 用线(或细绳等)串,把…连在一起
【SYN】 thread :
»She had strung the shells on a silver chain.
她把贝壳串在一条银链子上。
»(figurative) carbon atoms strung together to form giant molecules
碳原子连在一起构成巨分子
›› RACKET / MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 球拍；乐器
3. to put a string or strings on a racket or musical instrument
• 给…装弦
--› see also highly strung 【PHR V】
◘ ˌstring sb a'long (informal)
• to allow sb to believe sth that is not true, for example that you love them, intend to help them, etc.
• 哄；愚弄:
»She has no intention of giving you a divorce; she's just stringing you along.
她无意跟你离婚；不过是骗着你玩的。
◘ ˌstring a'long (with sb) (BrE, informal)
• to go somewhere with sb, especially because you have nothing else to do
• 跟随；伴随
◘ ˌstring sth∽'out
• to make sth last longer than expected or necessary
• 延长；拖长时间:
»They seem determined to string the talks out for an indefinite period.
他们好像一心要把谈判无限期地拖下去。
--› see also strung out (1)
◘ ˌstring sth∽to'gether
• to combine words or phrases to form sentences
• 把(单词或短语)联成句子:
»I can barely string two words together in Japanese.
我那点日语有两个单词就很难摆到一起用了。
◘ ˌstring sb∽'up (informal)
• to kill sb by hanging them, especially illegally
• (尤指非法地)吊死某人
◙ adj.
[only before noun]
›› MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 乐器
1. consisting of musical instruments that have strings; connected with these musical instruments
• 由弦乐器组成的；弦乐器的:
»a string quartet
弦乐四重奏
»a string player
弦乐器演奏者
›› MADE OF STRING 用线制成
2. made of string or sth like string
• 线织的；线的:
»a string bag / vest
网兜；网眼背心
cast / kɑ:st; NAmE kæst /
◙ verb
(cast, cast)
›› A LOOK / GLANCE / SMILE 瞧；瞥；笑
1. to look, smile, etc. in a particular direction
• 向…投以(视线、笑容等):
▪ [VN]
»She cast a welcoming smile in his direction.
她向他微笑以示欢迎。
▪ [also VNN]
›› LIGHT / A SHADOW 光；影子
2. [VN] to make light, a shadow, etc. appear in a particular place
• 投射(光、影子等):
»The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains.
橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。
»(figurative) The sad news cast a shadow over the proceedings (= made people feel unhappy).
这个坏消息给事件的进程蒙上了一层阴影。
›› DOUBT 怀疑
3. [VN] ~ doubt / aspersions (on / upon sth) to say, do or suggest sth that makes people doubt sth or think that sb is less honest, good, etc.
• 使人怀疑；造谣中伤:
»This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events.
最新的证据使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说法。
›› FISHING LINE 钓鱼线
4. [V VN] to throw one end of a fishing line into a river, etc.
• 投(钓线)；抛(钓鈎)
›› THROW 投；掷
5. [VN] (literary) to throw sb / sth somewhere, especially using force
• 扔；掷；抛:
»The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile.
价值连城的珍宝被扔进了尼罗河。
»They cast anchor at nightfall.
他们傍晚抛锚停泊。
›› SKIN 皮
6. [VN] when a snake casts its skin, the skin comes off as part of a natural process
• (蛇)蜕(皮)
【SYN】 shed
›› SHOE 蹄铁
7. [VN] if a horse casts a shoe, the shoe comes off by accident
• 踢落
›› ACTORS 演员
8. ~ sb (as sb) to choose actors to play the different parts in a film / movie, play, etc.; to choose an actor to play a particular role
• 分配角色；选派角色:
▪ [VN]
»The play is being cast in both the US and Britain.
目前正在英美两国挑选这部戏的演员。
»He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
他选定她在他最近的一部影片里扮演一名雄心勃勃的律师。
▪ [also V]
›› DESCRIBE 描写
9. [VN] ~ sb (as sth) | ~ sb (in sth) to describe or present sb in a particular way
• 把某人描写成；把某人表现为:
»He cast himself as the innocent victim of a hate campaign.
他把自己说成是一场诋譭声誉运动的无辜牺牲品。
»The press were quick to cast her in the role of 'the other woman'.
新闻界很快把她公开描述成"第三者"的角色。
›› VOTE 表决
10. [VN] ~ a / your vote / ballot (for sb / sth) to vote for sb / sth
• 投票
›› SHAPE METAL 模铸金属
11. [VN] ~ sth (in sth) to shape hot liquid metal, etc. by pouring it into a hollow container (called a mould )
• 浇铸；铸造:
»a statue cast in bronze
青铜铸像
»(figurative) an artist cast in the mould of (= very similar to) Miro
风格酷似米罗的一位艺术家 【IDIOMS】
◘ cast your mind back (to sth)
• to make yourself think about sth that happened in the past
• 回顾；回想:
»I want you to cast your minds back to the first time you met.
我要你们回忆初次见面的情景。
◘ cast your net wide
• to consider a lot of different people, activities, possibilities, etc. when you are looking for sth
• 撒开大网(搜寻时考虑面要宽)
◘ cast a 'spell (on sb / sth)
• to use words that are thought to be magic and have the power to change or influence sb / sth
• (对…)施魔法,念咒语
--› more at adrift , caution n., die n., eye n., light n., lot n. 【PHR V】
◘ ˌcast a'bout / a'round for sth
• to try hard to think of or find sth, especially when this is difficult
• 苦苦思索；四处寻找:
»She cast around desperately for a safe topic of conversation.
她绞尽脑汁寻找稳妥的话题。
◘ ˌcast sb / sth∽a'side (formal)
• to get rid of sb / sth because you no longer want or need them
• 抛弃；丢弃
【SYN】 discard
◘ be ˌcast a'way
• to be left somewhere after a shipwreck
• (船遇难后幸存者)流落某处
--› related noun castaway
◘ be ˌcast 'down (by sth) (literary)
• to be sad or unhappy about sth
• (因某事)沮丧,不愉快
--› see also downcast
◘ ˌcast 'off ◘ | ˌcast sth∽'off
1. to undo the ropes that are holding a boat in a fixed position, in order to sail away
• 解缆；解(船)；解缆出航
2. (in knitting 编织) to remove stitches from the needles in a way that forms an edge that will not come undone
• 收针
◘ ˌcast sth∽'off (formal)
• to get rid of sth because you no longer want or need it
• 抛弃；丢弃:
»The town is still trying to cast off its dull image.
该市镇仍在努力改变自己的单调形象。
◘ ˌcast 'on ◘ | ˌcast sth∽'on (in knitting 编织)
• to put the first row of stitches on a needle
• 起针；放针
◘ ˌcast sb / sth∽'out (literary)
• to get rid of sb / sth, especially by using force
• 驱逐；赶走:
»He claimed to have the power to cast out demons.
他宣称有驱魔的神力。
--› related noun outcast
◙ noun
›› ACTORS 演员
1. [C + sing. / pl. v.] all the people who act in a play or film / movie
• (一出戏剧或一部电影的)全体演员:
»The whole cast performs / perform brilliantly.
全体演员都表现出色。
»members of the cast
剧组成员
»an all-star cast (= including many well-known actors)
明星云集的演员阵容
»the supporting cast (= not the main actors, but the others)
配角演员
»a cast list
演员表
›› IN SHAPING METAL 模铸金属
2. [C] an object that is made by pouring hot liquid metal, etc. into a mould (= a specially shaped container)
• 铸件；铸造品
3. [C] a shaped container used to make an object
• 模子；铸模
【SYN】 mould
›› APPEARANCE 外表
4. [sing.] (BrE, formal) the way that a person or thing is or appears
• 特性；特征；外表；外貌:
»He has an unusual cast of mind.
他的思想与众不同。
»I disliked the arrogant cast to her mouth.
我不喜欢她傲慢的口吻。
›› THROW 投
5. [C] an act of throwing sth, especially a fishing line
• 投,掷,抛(钓线)
›› ON ARM / LEG 手臂；腿
6. [C] = plaster cast (1) :
»Her leg's in a cast.
她的一条腿打上了石膏。
--› see also opencast
but∙ter∙fly / ˈbʌtəflai; NAmE -tərf- /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [C] a flying insect with a long thin body and five large, usually brightly coloured, wings
• 蝴蝶:
»butterflies and moths
蝴蝶和蛾
»She's like a butterfly. She flits in and out of people's lives.
她像一只蝴蝶,每天在人前人后飞来飞去。
2. [U] a swimming stroke in which you swim on your front and lift both arms forward at the same time while your legs move up and down together
• 蝶泳:
»She was third in the 200m butterfly (= a swimming race).
她得了 200 米蝶泳比赛的第三名。 【IDIOMS】
◘ have 'butterflies (in your stomach)
•(informal) to have a nervous feeling in your stomach before doing sth
• (做某事前)心慌,紧张
awe∙some / ˈɔ:səm /
◙ adj.
1. very impressive or very difficult and perhaps rather frightening
• 令人惊叹的；使人惊惧的；很困难的；难得吓人的:
»an awesome sight
惊人的奇观
»awesome beauty / power
天仙之美；大得吓人的权力
»They had an awesome task ahead.
他们就要有十分艰巨的任务。
2. (NAmE, informal) very good, enjoyable, etc.
• 很好的(或极好玩的等):
»I just bought this awesome new CD!
我刚买了这张特棒的新 CD ！
»Wow! That's totally awesome!
哇！真是棒极了！
--› note at great
♦ awe∙some∙ly adv.:
»awesomely beautiful
极其美丽
stub∙born / ˈstʌbən; NAme -bərn /
◙ adj.
1. (often disapproving) determined not to change your opinion or attitude
• 固执的；执拗的；顽固的；倔强的
【SYN】 obstinate :
»He was too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.
他死不认错。
»She can be as stubborn as a mule.
她可以倔得像头骡子。
»stubborn pride
死要面子
»a stubborn resistance to change
顽固抵制变革
»a stubborn refusal to listen
硬是不听
2. difficult to get rid of or deal with
• 难以去除(或对付)的
【SYN】 persistent :
»a stubborn cough / stain
久治不瘉的咳嗽；顽渍
»a stubborn problem
难题
♦ stub∙born∙ly adv.:
»She stubbornly refused to pay.
她怎么都不肯付钱。
»Unemployment remains stubbornly high.
失业率居高不下。
♦ stub∙born∙ness noun [U]
prin∙cess / ˌprinˈses; ˈprinses /
◙ noun
1. a female member of a royal family who is not a queen, especially the daughter or granddaughter of the king or queen
• (除女王或王后外的)王室女成员；(尤指)公主:
»the royal princesses
王室女成员
»Princess Anne
安妮公主
2. the wife of a prince
• 王妃；王公贵族夫人:
»the Princess of Wales
威尔士王妃
»Princess Michael of Kent
肯特郡迈克尔公爵夫人
3. (disapproving) a young woman who has always been given everything that she wants, and who thinks that she is better than other people
• (受宠溺而自以为优越的)娇小姐
4. (BrE, informal) used as a form of address by a man to a girl or young woman
• (男子对女孩或年轻女子的称呼)大小姐:
»Is something the matter, princess?
有什么事吗,大小姐？
con∙demn / kənˈdem /
◙ verb
›› EXPRESS DISAPPROVAL 表示不赞成
1. [VN] ~ sb / sth (for / as sth) to express very strong disapproval of sb / sth, usually for moral reasons
• (通常因道义上的原因而)谴责,指责:
»The government issued a statement condemning the killings.
政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。
»The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.
这家报纸的编辑被指责为不够正直。
›› SB TO PUNISHMENT 处以刑罚
2. [usually passive] ~ sb (to sth) to say what sb's punishment will be
• 宣判；判处(某人某种刑罚)
【SYN】 sentence :
▪ [VN]
»He was condemned to death for murder and later hanged.
他因凶杀罪被判处死刑后被绞死。
▪ [VN to inf]
»She was condemned to hang for killing her husband.
她因杀害亲夫被处以绞刑。
›› SB TO DIFFICULT SITUATION 把某人置于困境
3. [VN] [usually passive] ~ sb to sth to force sb to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation
• 迫使…接受困境(或不愉快的状况)
【SYN】 doom :
»They were condemned to a life of hardship.
他们不得不过着艰难的生活。
»He was condemned to spend the rest of the football season on the bench.
他无可奈何地只得在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里做替补队员。
›› STH DANGEROUS 危险的事物
4. [VN] [usually passive] ~ sth (as sth) to say officially that sth is not safe enough to be used
• 宣告使用…不安全:
»a condemned building
一座已宣告不能居住的危楼
»The meat was condemned as unfit to eat.
这种肉被宣告不宜食用。
›› SHOW GUILT 表明有罪
5. [VN] to show or suggest that sb is guilty of sth
• 证明(或表明)有罪:
»She is condemned out of her own mouth (= her own words show that she is guilty).
她自己说的话显示她有罪责。
dare / deə(r); NAmE der /
◙ verb
1. (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to be brave enough to do sth
• 敢于；胆敢:
»She said it as loudly as she dared.
她壮着胆子大声说了出来。
»He didn't dare (to) say what he thought.
他不敢说出他的想法。
»They daren't ask for any more money.
他们不敢再要钱了。
»(literary) She dared not breathe a word of it to anybody.
她对任何人都只字不敢提及此事。
»There was something, dare I say it, a little unusual about him.
他这人可能有那么一点怪。
2. to persuade sb to do sth dangerous, difficult or embarrassing so that they can show that they are not afraid
• 激(某人做某事)；问(某人)有没有胆量(做某事)；谅(某人)没胆量(做某事):
▪ [VN]
»Go on! Take it! I dare you.
来呀！接受吧！我谅你也不敢。
▪ [VN to inf]
»Some of the older boys had dared him to do it.
几个大男孩激他,问他敢不敢干这事。
--› note at modal 【IDIOMS】
◘ don't you dare!
• (informal) used to tell sb strongly not to do sth
• (让人绝不要做某事)你敢,谅你不敢:
»'I'll tell her about it.' 'Don't you dare!'
"我要把这事告诉她。" "你敢！"
»Don't you dare say anything to anybody.
谅你不敢对任何人提起这事儿。
◘ how 'dare you, etc.
• used to show that you are angry about sth that sb has done
• (表示气愤)你竟然,你竟敢:
»How dare you talk to me like that?
你竟敢这样对我说话？
»How dare she imply that I was lying?
她竟敢暗示我在撒谎？
◘ I dare say
• (also I daresay especially in BrE) used when you are saying that sth is probable
• 我想；很可能；大概:
»I dare say you know about it already.
你大概已经知道了。
◙ noun [usually sing.]
• something dangerous, difficult or embarrassing that you try to persuade sb to do, to see if they will do it
• 激将；挑战:
»(BrE) He climbed onto the roof for a dare.
他受到激将才爬上房顶。
»(NAmE) She learned to fly on a dare.
她在激将下学会了驾驶飞机。
prince / prins /
◙ noun
1. a male member of a royal family who is not king, especially the son or grandson of the king or queen
• 王子；王孙；亲王:
»the royal princes
亲王
»the Prince of Wales
威尔士亲王
2. the male ruler of a small country or state that has a royal family; a male member of this family, especially the son or grandson of the ruler
• (小国的)国王,王室的男性成员,王子,王孙:
»Prince Rainier of Monaco
摩纳哥国王兰尼埃
3. (in some European countries) a nobleman
• (某些欧洲国家的)贵族
4. ~ of / among sth (literary) a man who is thought to be one of the best in a particular field
• (某一领域的)杰出人物,钜子,大王:
»the prince of comedy
喜剧大师
dis∙turb∙ing / diˈstə:biŋ; NAmE -ˈstə:rb- /
◙ adj.
• making you feel anxious and upset or shocked
• 引起烦恼的；令人不安的；引起恐慌的:
»a disturbing piece of news
一则令人不安的消息
♦ dis∙turb∙ing∙ly adv.
un∙will∙ing / ʌnˈwiliŋ /
◙ adj.
1. [not usually before noun] ~ (to do sth) not wanting to do sth and refusing to do it
• 不情愿；不愿意:
»They are unwilling to invest any more money in the project.
他们不想在这个项目上再增加投资。
»She was unable, or unwilling, to give me any further details.
她不能,或不愿意,向我提供进一步的细节。
2. [only before noun] not wanting to do or be sth, but forced to by other people
• 勉强的；无奈的；迫不得已的
【SYN】 reluctant :
»an unwilling hero
自己不愿却被抬举的英雄
»He became the unwilling object of her attention.
他受到她的青睐实非所愿。
【OPP】 willing
♦ un∙will∙ing∙ly adv.
♦ un∙will∙ing∙ness noun [U]
seize / si:z /
◙ verb [VN]
1. ~ sth (from sb) to take sb / sth in your hand suddenly and using force
• 抓住；捉住；夺
【SYN】 grab :
»She tried to seize the gun from him.
她试图夺他的枪。
»He seized her by the arm.
他抓住她的胳膊。
»She seized hold of my hand.
她抓住我的手。
2. ~ sth (from sb) to take control of a place or situation, often suddenly and violently
• (常指通过暴力突然)夺取,攻占,控制:
»They seized the airport in a surprise attack.
他们突袭攻占了机场。
»The army has seized control of the country.
军队已经控制全国。
»He seized power in a military coup.
他在军事政变中夺取了政权。
3. to arrest or capture sb
• 逮捕；捉拿；俘获:
»The men were seized as they left the building.
这些人在离开那栋房子时被抓获。
4. to take illegal or stolen goods away from sb
• 起获；没收；扣押:
»A large quantity of drugs was seized during the raid.
在这次突击行动中起获了大量毒品。
5. ~ a chance, an opportunity, the initiative, etc. to be quick to make use of a chance, an opportunity, etc.
• 抓住,把握(机会、时机、主动等)
【SYN】 grab :
»The party seized the initiative with both hands (= quickly and with enthusiasm).
该党迅速掌握主动。
6. (of an emotion 情绪) to affect sb suddenly and deeply
• 侵袭；突然控制:
»Panic seized her.
她突然惊慌失措。
»He was seized by curiosity.
他好奇心顿起。 【PHR V】
◘ 'seize on / upon sth
• to suddenly show a lot of interest in sth, especially because you can use it to your advantage
• 突然大为关注,抓住(可利用的事物)
【SYN】 pounce on / upon :
»The rumours were eagerly seized upon by the local press.
当地报章迫不及待地对这些传闻加以炒作。
◘ ˌseize 'up 1(of the parts of a machine 机器部件)
• to stop moving or working correctly
• 停止运转；发生故障2
• if a part of your body seizes up, you are unable to move it easily and it is often painful
• (身体)发僵
de∙mand / diˈmɑ:nd; NAmE diˈmænd /
◙ noun
1. [C] ~ (for sth / that...) a very firm request for sth; sth that sb needs
• (坚决的)要求；所需之物:
»a demand for higher pay
增加工资的要求
»demands that the law on gun ownership should be changed
要求修改枪械持有法的呼声
»firms attempting to meet / satisfy their customers' demands (= to give them what they are asking for)
尽力满足客户要求的商行
2. demands [pl.] ~ (of sth) | ~ (on sb) things that sb / sth makes you do, especially things that are difficult, make you tired, worried, etc.
• (尤指困难、使人劳累、令人烦恼等的)要求:
»the demands of children / work
孩子烦人的事；工作中累人的事
»Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.
驾驶飞机对飞行员要求很高。
3. [U, C] ~ (for sth / sb) the desire or need of customers for goods or services which they want to buy or use
• (顾客的)需求,需要:
»to meet the demand for a product
满足对某产品的需求
»There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.
目前对有机农产品有更大的需求。
»Demand is exceeding supply.
供不应求。 【IDIOMS】
◘ by popular de'mand
• because a lot of people have asked for sth
• 由于许多人的要求；由于普遍要求:
»By popular demand, the play will run for another week.
应广大观众要求,这出戏将加演一周。
◘ in de'mand
• wanted by a lot of people
• 需求大:
»Good secretaries are always in demand.
优秀的秘书总是很抢手。
◘ on de'mand
• done or happening whenever sb asks
• 一经要求:
»Feed the baby on demand.
宝宝需要时再喂食。
»on-demand printing of books
书籍承索即印
--› see also supply and demand
◙ verb
1. to ask for sth very firmly
• 强烈要求:
▪ [VN]
»She demanded an immediate explanation.
她强烈要求立即作出解释。
▪ [V that]
»The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.
联合国已要求撤出所有部队。 (BrE also)
»They are demanding that all troops should be withdrawn.
他们强烈要求所有部队撤离。
▪ [V to inf]
»I demand to see the manager.
我坚决要求见经理。
▪ [V speech]
»'Who the hell are you?' he demanded angrily.
"你到底是谁？"他气势汹汹地查问道。
--› note at ask
2. [VN] to need sth in order to be done successfully
• 需要:
»This sport demands both speed and strength.
这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。
grab / ɡræb /
◙ verb (-bb-)
1. ~ sth (from sb / sth) to take or hold sb / sth with your hand suddenly, firmly or roughly
• 抓住；攫取
【SYN】 seize :
▪ [VN]
»She grabbed the child's hand and ran.
她抓住孩子的手就跑。
»He grabbed hold of me and wouldn't let go.
他抓住我不松手。
»Jim grabbed a cake from the plate.
吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
▪ [V]
»Don't grab—there's plenty for everyone.
别抢——多着呢,人人都有。
2. [V] ~ at / for sth to try to take hold of sth
• (试图)抓住,夺得:
»She grabbed at the branch, missed and fell.
她抓树枝,可没抓着,就跌倒了。
»Kate grabbed for the robber's gun.
凯特拚命去夺抢劫者的枪。
3. ~ (at sth) to take advantage of an opportunity to do or have sth
• 利用,抓住(机会)
【SYN】 seize :
▪ [VN]
»This was my big chance and I grabbed it with both hands.
这是我的大好机会,我紧紧抓住。
▪ [V]
»He'll grab at any excuse to avoid doing the dishes.
他会随便找个藉口来逃避洗碗。
4. [VN] to have or take sth quickly, especially because you are in a hurry
• (尤指匆忙地)取,拿,吃,喝:
»Let's grab a sandwich before we go.
咱们赶快吃个三明治就走吧。
»I managed to grab a couple of hours' sleep on the plane.
我在飞机上抓紧时间睡了两个钟头。
»Grab a seat, I won't keep you a moment.
赶紧找个座位吧,我不耽误你的工夫了。
5. [VN] to take sth for yourself, especially in a selfish or greedy way
• (尤指自私、贪婪地)捞取,赚取,抢占:
»By the time we arrived, someone had grabbed all the good seats.
我们到达时,所有的好位子都给人占了。
6. [VN] to get sb's attention
• 引人注意；吸引:
»I'll see if I can grab the waitress and get the bill.
我要看能不能引起服务员的注意,让她拿账单来。
»Glasgow's drugs problem has grabbed the headlines tonight (= been published as an important story in the newspapers).
格拉斯哥的毒品问题成了今晚报纸的头条新闻。 【IDIOMS】
◘ how does...grab you?
• (informal) used to ask sb whether they are interested in sth or in doing sth
• 你对…有兴趣吗；你喜欢…吗；你认为…如何:
»How does the idea of a trip to Rome grab you?
你认为去趟罗马这个主意如何？
◙ noun
1. [usually sing.] ~ (at / for sb / sth) a sudden attempt to take or hold sb / sth
• 猛然的抓取；突然的抢夺:
»He made a grab for her bag.
他突然去抢她的手提包。
--› see also smash-and-grab
2. (computing 计) a picture taken from a television or video film, stored as an image on a computer
• 抓取(或截获、采集)的图像:
»a screen grab from Wednesday's programme
从星期三的节目中抓取的荧屏图像
3. a piece of equipment which lifts and holds goods, for example the equipment that hangs from a crane
• 抓具；抓斗
◘ up for 'grabs
•(informal) available for anyone who is interested
• 提供的；可供争夺的:
»There are £25 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in our competition!
在我们的比赛中有 25 000 英镑奖金供人争夺！
evi∙dent / ˈevidənt /
◙ adj.
• ~ (to sb) (that...) | ~ (in / from sth) clear; easily seen
• 清楚的；显而易见的；显然的
【SYN】 obvious :
»It has now become evident to us that a mistake has been made.
我们已经清楚出了差错。
»The growing interest in history is clearly evident in the number of people visiting museums and country houses.
从参观博物馆和乡村住宅的人数明显看出人们对历史越来越感兴趣。
»The orchestra played with evident enjoyment.
管弦乐队演奏得兴致勃勃。
--› see also self-evident
--› note at clear
scold / skəuld; NAme skould /
◙ verb
• ~ sb (for sth / for doing sth) (formal) to speak angrily to sb, especially a child, because they have done sth wrong
• 训斥,责骂(孩子)
【SYN】 rebuke :
▪ [VN]
»He scolded them for arriving late.
他嫌他们迟到,训了他们一通。
▪ [also V speech , V]
♦ scold∙ing noun [usually sing.] :
»I got a scolding from my mother.
我捱了我妈一阵数落。
mer∙ci∙ful / ˈmə:sifl; NAme ˈmə:rs- /
◙ adj.
1. ready to forgive people and show them kindness
• 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
【SYN】 humane :
»a merciful God
仁慈的上帝
»They asked her to be merciful to the prisoners.
他们要她对犯人慈悲为怀。
2. (of an event 事件) seeming to be lucky, especially because it brings an end to sb's problems or suffering
• 还算幸运的,不幸而可取的(因能解决问题或能除痛苦):
»Death came as a merciful release.
死神的到来算是一种幸运的解脱。
--› see also mercy
dawn / dɔ:n /
◙ noun
1. [U, C] the time of day when light first appears
• 黎明；拂晓；破晓
【SYN】 daybreak , sunrise :
»They start work at dawn.
天一亮他们就开始干活了。
»It's almost dawn.
天快亮了。
»We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke (= as the first light could be seen).
黎明时分我们到达了悉尼。
»I woke up just before dawn.
我正好在拂晓前醒来。
»summer's early dawns
夏日早到的黎明
»He works from dawn till dusk (= from morning till night).
他从早到晚地工作。
--› compare dusk
2. [sing.] ~ (of sth) the beginning or first signs of sth
• 开端；曙光；萌芽:
»the dawn of civilization / time / history
文明/时代/历史的开端
»Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history.
和平使这个国家的历史翻开了新的一页。 【IDIOMS】
--› see break n., crack n.
◙ verb [V]
1. (of a day or a period of time 一天或一个时期) to begin
• 开始:
»The following morning dawned bright and warm.
第二天一大早阳光和煦。
»A new technological age had dawned.
新技术时代已经开始。
2. to become obvious or easy to understand
• 变得明朗；开始清楚:
»Slowly the awful truth dawned.
可怕的事实慢慢地清晰起来。 see light n. 【PHR V】
◘ 'dawn on sb [no passive]
• if sth dawns on you, you begin to realize it for the first time
• 使开始明白；使渐渐领悟；使开始理解
▪ [+ that ]
»Suddenly it dawned on me that they couldn't possibly have met before.
我突然明白他们以前不可能见过面。
dead∙line / ˈdedlain /
◙ noun
• ~ (for sth) a point in time by which sth must be done
• 最后期限；截止日期:
»I prefer to work to a deadline.
我喜欢按规定的期限完成工作。
»The deadline for applications is 30 April.
交申请书的截止日期是 4 月 30 日。
»the January 15 deadline set by the United Nations
联合国规定的 1 月 15 日最后期限
unite / juˈnait /
◙ verb
1. [V] ~ (in sth / in doing sth) | ~ (behind / against sb / sth) to join together with other people in order to do sth as a group
• (为某事)联合,联手,团结:
»Local resident groups have united in opposition to the plan.
当地居民团体已联合起来反对这项计划。
»We will unite in fighting crime.
我们将联手打击犯罪。
»Will they unite behind the new leader?
他们会团结支持新领导人吗？
»Nationalist parties united to oppose the government's plans.
民族主义党派联合反对政府的计划。
2. ~ (sb / sth) (with sb / sth) to make people or things join together to form a unit; to join together
• (与某人或集体)联结,联合；统一:
▪ [VN]
»A special bond unites our two countries.
一种特殊的纽带把我们两国联结起来。
»His aim was to unite Italy.
他的目标是统一意大利。
»She unites keen business skills with a charming personality.
她一身兼备经商技巧与个人魅力。
▪ [V]
»The two countries united in 1887.
两国于 1887 年合并。
grand / ɡrænd /
◙ adj. (grand∙er, grand∙est)
1. impressive and large or important
• 壮丽的；堂皇的；重大的:
»It's not a very grand house.
这房子并不是十分富丽堂皇。
»The wedding was a very grand occasion.
婚礼场面非常隆重。
2. Grand [only before noun] used in the names of impressive or very large buildings, etc.
• (用于大建筑物等的名称)大:
»the Grand Canyon
大峡谷
»We stayed at the Grand Hotel.
我们住在格兰酒店。
3. needing a lot of effort, money or time to succeed but intended to achieve impressive results
• 宏大的；宏伟的；有气派的:
»a grand design / plan / strategy
宏伟的蓝图；宏大的计划；重大的战略思想
»New Yorkers built their city on a grand scale.
纽约人大规模地建造自己的城市。
4. (of people 人) behaving in a proud way because they are rich or from a high social class
• 傲慢的；高高在上的
5. (dialect or informal) very good or enjoyable; excellent
• 极好的；快乐的；美妙的；出色的:
»I had a grand day out at the seaside.
我在海边痛痛快快玩了一天。
»Thanks. That'll be grand!
谢谢。那太棒了！
»Fred did a grand job of painting the house.
弗雷德粉刷房子干得很出色。
6. Grand used in the titles of people of very high social rank
• (对上层社会的人的称呼)大:
»the Grand Duchess Elena
大公夫人埃琳娜
--› see also grandeur
♦ grand∙ly adv.:
»He described himself grandly as a 'landscape architect'.
他自封为"景观建筑师"。
♦ grand∙ness noun [U] 【IDIOMS】
◘ a / the ˌgrand old 'age
• a great age
• 高龄:
»She finally learned to drive at the grand old age of 70.
她终于在 70 岁高龄学会了开车。
◘ a / the ˌgrand old 'man (of sth)
• a man who is respected in a particular profession that he has been involved in for a long time
• 元老；资深前辈；老前辈
◙ noun
1. (pl. grand) (informal) $1 000; £1 000
• * 1 000 元； 1 000 英镑:
»It'll cost you five grand!
这要花去你 5 000 块钱！
2. = grand piano
--› see also concert grand
broken / ˈbrəukən; NAmE ˈbrou- /
◙ adj.
›› DAMAGED 受损
1. that has been damaged or injured; no longer whole or working correctly
• 破损的；伤残的；残缺的；出了毛病的:
»a broken window / plate
破碎的窗户/盘子
»a broken leg / arm
断了的腿/臂
»pieces of broken glass
破玻璃碎片
»How did this dish get broken ?
这个盘子是怎么打破的？
»The TV's broken.
电视机坏了。
--› see also broken heart
›› RELATIONSHIP 关系
2. [usually before noun] ended or destroyed
• 中止了的；破坏了的:
»a broken marriage / engagement
破裂的婚姻；解除了的婚约
--› see also broken home
›› PROMISE / AGREEMENT 诺言；协定
3. [usually before noun] not kept
• 被违背的；未履行的
›› NOT CONTINUOUS 不连续
4. [usually before noun] not continuous; disturbed or interrupted
• 不连续的；间断的；被打扰的:
»a night of broken sleep
睡得不踏实的一夜
»a single broken white line across the road
横穿马路的一条断断续续的白线
›› PERSON 人
5. [only before noun] made weak and tired by illness or difficulties
• 衰弱的；精疲力竭的:
»He was a broken man after the failure of his business.
生意失败后他变得心灰意懒。
›› LANGUAGE 语言
6. [only before noun] (of a language that is not your own 非母语) spoken slowly and with a lot of mistakes; not fluent
• 说得结结巴巴的；不流利的:
»to speak in broken English
说着一口结结巴巴的英语
›› GROUND 地面
7. having a rough surface
• 凹凸不平的；坎坷的:
»an area of broken, rocky ground
崎岖、多岩石的地区
--› see also break , broke , broken v.
ˌbroken 'heart
◙ noun
• a feeling of great sadness, especially when sb you love has died or left you
• 破碎的心；哀恸:
»No one ever died of a broken heart.
从来没有人因为过度悲伤而死。
♦ ˌbroken-'hearted adj.:
»He was broken-hearted when his wife died.
他的妻子去世,他伤心极了。
--› compare heartbroken
op∙por∙tun∙ity / ˌɔpəˈtju:nəti; NAme ˌɑ:pərˈtu:- /
◙ noun [C, U]
• (pl. -ies) ~ (to do sth) | ~ (for sth / for doing sth) | ~ (of doing sth) a time when a particular situation makes it possible to do or achieve sth
• 机会；时机
【SYN】 chance :
»You'll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。
»There was no opportunity for further discussion.
没有机会进行深入讨论了。
»At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened.
至少要给他机会解释一下发生了什么事。
»Our company promotes equal opportunities for women (= women are given the same jobs, pay, etc. as men).
本公司提倡男女机会均等。
»career / employment / job opportunities
职业发展/就业/工作机会
»I'd like to take this opportunity to thank my colleagues for their support.
我谨藉此机会感谢同事的支持。
»He is rude to me at every opportunity (= whenever possible).
他动不动就对我粗鲁无礼。
»They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity (= as soon as possible).
他们打算尽早关闭学校。
»a window of opportunity (= a period of time when the circumstances are right for doing sth)
行事的良机
--› see also photo opportunity
un∙employ∙ment / ˌʌnimˈplɔimənt /
◙ noun [U]
1. the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job
• 失业；失业人数:
»an area of high / low unemployment
失业率高/低的地区
»rising / falling unemployment
上升的/下降的失业率
»It was a time of mass unemployment.
曾经有大批人失业。
»measures to help reduce / tackle unemployment
旨在减少失业/缓解失业情况的措施
»the level / rate of unemployment
失业人数/率
»unemployment benefit / statistics
失业补贴/统计资料
2. the state of not having a job
• 无业；没有工作:
»Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.
成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。
--› compare employment
per∙son∙nel / ˌpə:səˈnel; NAme ˌpə:rs- /
◙ noun
1. [pl.] the people who work for an organization or six of the armed forces
• (组织或军队中的)全体人员,职员:
»skilled personnel
熟练人员
»sales / technical / medical / security / military, etc. personnel
推销、技术、医务、保安、军事等人员
2. [U + sing. / pl. v.] the department in a company that deals with employing and training people
• 人事部门
【SYN】 human resources :
»the personnel department / manager
人事部门/经理
»She works in personnel.
她在人事部工作。
»Personnel is / are currently reviewing pay scales.
人事部现在正审核工资级别。
de∙part∙ment / diˈpɑ:tmənt; NAmE -ˈpɑ:rt- /
◙ noun (abbr. Dept)
• a section of a large organization such as a government, business, university, etc.
• 部；司；局；处；系；(医院的)科；部门:
»the Department of Trade and Industry
工业贸易署
»the Treasury Department
财政部
»a government / university, etc. department
政府部门、大学学系等
»the marketing / sales, etc. department
营销、销售等部门
»the children's department (= in a large store)
儿童用品部
»the English department
英语系
--› see also police department , State Department 【IDIOMS】
◘ be sb's department
•(informal) to be sth that sb is responsible for or knows a lot about
• 某人的职责范围(或知识范围):
»Don't ask me about it—that's her department.
这事别问我——那是她的职责范围。
chorus / ˈkɔ:rəs /
◙ noun
1. [C] part of a song that is sung after each verse
• 副歌
【SYN】 refrain :
»Everyone joined in the chorus.
唱到副歌时,大家都跟着齐唱起来。
2. [C] a piece of music, usually part of a larger work, that is written for a choir (= a group of singers)
• 合唱曲:
»the Hallelujah Chorus
哈利路亚合唱曲
3. [C + sing. / pl. v.] (often in names 常用于名称) a large group of singers
• 合唱团；歌咏队
【SYN】 choir :
»the Bath Festival Chorus
巴斯音乐节大合唱团
4. [C + sing. / pl. v.] a group of performers who sing and dance in a musical show
• 歌舞队:
»the chorus line (= a line of singers and dancers performing together)
排成一排同台表演的歌舞演员
5. a ~ of sth [sing.] the sound of a lot of people expressing approval or disapproval at the same time
• 齐声,异口同声(表示同意或不同意):
»a chorus of praise / complaint
一片赞扬声/抱怨声
»a chorus of voices calling for her resignation
异口同声要求她辞职
--› see also dawn chorus
6. [sing. + sing. / pl. v.] (in ancient Greek drama 古希腊戏剧) a group of performers who comment together on the events of the play
• 歌队,合唱队(对剧情加以评论)
7. [sing.] (especially in 16th century drama 尤指在 16 世纪的戏剧中) an actor who speaks the opening and closing words of the play
• 开场白和收场白的朗诵演员【IDIOMS】
◘ in chorus
• all together
• 一起；一齐；同时
【SYN】 in unison :
»'Thank you,' they said in chorus.
"谢谢。"他们齐声说道。
◙ verb
• to sing or say sth all together
• 合唱；齐声说；异口同声地说:
▪ [V speech]
»'Hello, Paul,' they chorused.
"你好,保罗。"他们齐声问候道。
▪ [also VN]
sore / sɔ:(r) /
◙ adj.
1. if a part of your body is sore, it is painful, and often red, especially because of infection or because a muscle has been used too much
• (发炎)疼痛的；酸痛的:
»to have a sore throat
嗓子疼
»His feet were sore after the walk.
他走路把脚都走疼了。
»My stomach is still sore (= painful) after the operation.
手术后,我的胃还在疼。
--› note at painful
2. [not before noun] ~ (at sb / about sth) (informal, especially NAmE) upset and angry, especially because you have been treated unfairly
• 气恼；愤慨；愤愤不平
【SYN】 annoyed
♦ sore∙ness noun [U] :
»an ointment to reduce soreness and swelling
止痛消肿软膏 【IDIOMS】
◘ a ˌsore 'point
• a subject that makes you feel angry or upset when it is mentioned
• 心病；疼处；伤心事:
»It's a sore point with Sue's parents that the children have not been baptized yet.
孩子们至今未受洗礼,这是苏的父母的一件伤心事。
◘ stand / stick out like a sore 'thumb
• to be very noticeable in an unpleasant way
• 招眼；扎眼
--› more at bear n., sight n.
◙ noun
• a painful, often red, place on your body where there is a wound or an infection
• 痛处；伤处；疮
【SYN】 wound :
»open sores
开放性溃疡
--› see also bedsore , canker sore , cold sore
throat / θrəut; NAme θrout /
◙ noun
1. a passage in the neck through which food and air pass on their way into the body; the front part of the neck
• 咽喉；喉咙；颈前部:
»a sore throat
咽喉痛
»A sob caught in his throat.
他泣不成声。
»He held the knife to her throat.
他拿刀子顶着她的喉咙。
»Their throats had been cut.
他们的咽喉被割断了。
2. -throated (in adjectives 构成形容词) having the type of throat mentioned
• 有…喉咙的；嗓子…的:
»a deep-throated roar
低沉的咆哮
»a red-throated diver
红喉潜鸟
--› see also cut-throat 【IDIOMS】
◘ be at each other's 'throats
(of two or more people, groups, etc. 两个以上的人或群体等)
• to be fighting or arguing with each other
• 打架斗殴；激烈争吵；吵架
◘ cut your own 'throat
• to do sth that is likely to harm you, especially when you are angry and trying to harm sb else
• (尤指生气和要加害于人时)自食恶果,卡自己的脖子,自寻死路
◘ force / thrust / ram sth down sb's 'throat
•(informal) to try to force sb to listen to and accept your opinions in a way that they find annoying
• 强加于人；强迫接受(观点)
--› more at clear v., frog , jump v., lump n., stick v.
com∙poser / kəmˈpəuzə(r); NAmE -ˈpouz- /
◙ noun
• a person who writes music, especially classical music
• (尤指古典音乐的)创作者；作曲者；作曲家
mother∙land / ˈmʌðəlænd; NAme -ðərl- /
◙ noun
• (formal)the country that you were born in and that you feel a strong emotional connection with
• 祖国
--› see also fatherland
tutor / ˈtju:tə(r); NAme ˈtu:- /
◙ noun
1. a private teacher, especially one who teaches an individual student or a very small group
• 家庭教师；私人教师
2. (especially BrE) a teacher whose job is to pay special attention to the studies or health, etc. of a student or a group of students
• 导师；指导教师:
»his history tutor
他的历史导师
»He was my personal tutor at university.
他是我大学时的个人指导教师。
»She's in my tutor group at school.
她在学校里是指导我的那个小组的成员。
3. (BrE) a teacher, especially one who teaches adults or who has a special role in a school or college
• (负责成人教育或在大中学中有特别任务的)教师:
»a part-time adult education tutor
兼职的成人教育教师
4. (NAmE) an assistant lecturer in a college
• (大专院校的)助教
5. a book of instruction in a particular subject, especially music
• 课本；(尤指)音乐课本:
»a violin tutor
小提琴课本
◙ verb
1. [VN] ~ sb (in sth) to be a tutor to an individual student or a small group; to teach sb, especially privately
• 教；任课；指导；进行单独(或小组)辅导；任…的私人教师:
»He tutors students in mathematics.
他教学生数学。
2. [V] to work as a tutor
• 当家庭教师；任大学导师:
»Her work was divided between tutoring and research.
她的工作分为导师工作和研究工作。
sym∙phony / ˈsimfəni /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
• a long complicated piece of music for a large orchestra , in seven or five main parts (called movements )
• 交响乐；交响曲:
»Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
贝多芬的第五交响曲
♦ sym∙phon∙ic / simˈfɔnik; NAme -ˈfɑ:n- / adj.:
»Mozart's symphonic works
莫扎特的交响乐作品
bach∙elor / ˈbætʃələ(r) /
◙ noun
1. a man who has never been married
• 未婚男子；单身汉:
»an eligible bachelor (= six that many people want to marry, especially because he is rich)
合意单身男子(常因富有而为理想对象)
»a confirmed bachelor (= a person who does not intend to marry; often used in newspapers to refer to a homosexual man)
信守独身主义的单身汉(报章上常用来指同性恋男子)
--› compare spinster
2. (usually Bachelor) a person who has a Bachelor's degree (= a first university degree)
• 学士:
»a Bachelor of Arts / Engineering / Science
文学士；工程学士；理学士
--› see also BA , BEd , BSc
3. (CanE) = bachelor apartment
flute / flu:t /
◙ noun
1. a musical instrument of the woodwind group, shaped like a thin pipe. The player holds it sideways and blows across a hole at one end.
• 长笛
2. champagne ~ a tall narrow glass used for drinking champagne
• 细长香槟杯(形似长笛)
kin∙der∙gar∙ten / ˈkindəɡɑ:tn; NAme -dərɡɑ:rtn /
◙ noun (from German)
1. (especially NAmE) a school or class to prepare children aged five for school
• 学前班
2. (BrE, AustralE, NZE) a nursery school
• 幼儿园
folk / fəuk; NAmE fouk /
◙ noun
1. (also folks especially in NAmE) [pl.] (informal) people in general
• 人们:
»ordinary working-class folk
普通劳动大众
»I'd like a job working with old folk or kids.
我喜欢与老人或小孩打交道的工作。
»the folks back home (= from the place where you come from)
家乡的乡亲父老
2. folks [pl.] (informal) a friendly way of addressing more than six person
• 各位；大伙儿:
»Well, folks, what are we going to do today?
喂,伙计们,我们今天要干什么？
3. folks [pl.] (informal, especially NAmE) the members of your family, especially your parents
• 亲属；家属；(尤指)爹妈:
»How are your folks?
你爸妈好吗？
4. [pl.] people from a particular country or region, or who have a particular way of life
• (某国、某地区或某生活方式的)普通百姓:
»country folk
乡下人
»townsfolk
城里人
»farming folk
农民
5. (also 'folk music) [U] music in the traditional style of a country or community
• 民间音乐:
»a folk festival / concert
民间音乐节/会
◙ adj. [only before noun]
1. (of art, culture, etc. 艺术、文化等) traditional and typical of the ordinary people of a country or community
• 传统民间的；民俗的:
»folk art
民间艺术
»a folk museum
民俗博物馆
2. based on the beliefs of ordinary people
• 流传民间的；普通百姓的:
»folk wisdom
民间智慧
»Garlic is widely used in Chinese folk medicine.
大蒜广泛应用于中国民间医药。
'folk song
◙ noun
1. a song in the traditional style of a country or community
• 民歌；民谣
2. a type of song that became popular in the US in the 1960s, played on a guitar and often about political topics
• 仿民歌歌曲(美国 20 世纪 60 年代盛行,吉他伴奏,常以政治为题材)
bal∙let / ˈbælei /
◙ noun
1. [U] a style of dancing that tells a dramatic story with music but no talking or singing
• 芭蕾舞:
»She wants to be a ballet dancer.
她想当芭蕾舞演员。
»ballet shoes
芭蕾舞鞋
2. [C] a story or work of art performed by a group of ballet dancers
• 芭蕾舞剧:
»'Swan Lake' is one of the great classical ballets.
《天鹅湖》是一部伟大的古典芭蕾舞剧。
3. [C + sing. / pl. v.] a group of dancers who work and perform ballet together
• 芭蕾舞团:
»members of the Royal Ballet
皇家芭蕾舞团演员
◙ verb
(-nn-) [V +adv. / prep.]
• (BrE, informal, disapproving) to go around enjoying yourself in a way that annoys other people or makes them jealous
• 悠游；悠然闲逛:
»They've gone swanning off to Paris for the weekend.
他们周末到巴黎潇洒去了。
album / ˈælbəm /
◙ noun
1. a book in which you keep photographs, stamps, etc.
• 相册；影集；集邮簿；集物簿册:
»a photo album
相册
2. a collection of pieces of music that have been recorded on one record, CD or cassette
• (唱片或盒式磁带等上的)音乐专辑,歌曲专辑；歌集唱片:
»the band's latest album
这个乐队的最新专辑
--› compare single
col∙lec∙tion / kəˈlekʃn /
◙ noun
›› GROUP OF OBJECTS / PEOPLE 一批物品；一群人
1. [C] a group of objects, often of the same sort, that have been collected
• (常指同类的)收集物,收藏品:
»a stamp / coin, etc. collection
邮票、硬币等收藏品
»The painting comes from his private collection.
这幅画来自他的私人收藏。
2. [C] a group of objects or people
• 一批物品；一群人:
»There was a collection of books and shoes on the floor.
地板上有成堆的书和鞋。
»There is always a strange collection of runners in the London Marathon.
每次总会有一批稀奇古怪的选手参加伦敦马拉松比赛。
›› TAKING AWAY / BRINGING TOGETHER 取走；聚集
3. [C, U] an act of taking sth away from a place; an act of bringing things together into one place
• 取走；拿走；聚集；聚积:
»refuse / garbage collection
废物/垃圾的收运
»The last collection from this postbox is at 5.15.
这邮筒最后一次收信的时间是 5:15。
»Your suit will be ready for collection on Tuesday.
你的西服可在星期二领取。
»The first stage in research is data collection.
研究工作的第一步是收集资料。
--› compare pickup n. (4)
›› POEMS / STORIES / MUSIC 诗歌；故事；音乐
4. [C] a group of poems, stories or pieces of music published together as one book or disc
• 作品集:
»a collection of stories by women writers
女作家小说集
›› MONEY 金钱
5. [C] an act of collecting money to help a charity or during a church service; the money collected
• (为慈善机构或做礼拜时的)募捐,募集；募集的钱:
»a house-to-house collection for Cancer Research
为资助癌症研究挨门逐户进行的募捐
»The total collection last week amounted to £250.
上周的募捐总额达 250 英镑。
›› NEW CLOTHES 新衣服
6. [C] a range of new clothes or items for the home that are designed, made and offered for sale, often for a particular season
• (常为季节性推出的)系列时装(或家用品):
»Armani's stunning new autumn collection
款式新颖靓丽的阿玛尼秋装系列
chart / tʃɑ:t; NAmE tʃɑ:rt /
◙ noun
1. [C] a page or sheet of information in the form of diagrams, lists of figures, etc.
• 图表:
»a weather chart
天气图
»a sales chart (= showing the level of a company's sales)
销售图表
--› see also bar chart , flow chart , pie chart
2. [C] a detailed map of the sea
• 海图:
»a naval chart
海军航图
3. the charts [pl.] (especially BrE) a list, produced each week, of the pop music records that have sold the most copies
• 每周流行唱片排行榜:
»The album went straight into the charts at number 1.
这张专辑一进入每周流行唱片排行榜便占首位。
»to top the charts (= to be the record that has sold more copies than all the others)
名列每周流行唱片排行榜第一
◙ verb [VN]
1. to record or follow the progress or development of sb / sth
• 记录,跟踪(进展或发展):
»The exhibition charts the history of the palace.
展览记载了这座王宫的历史。
2. to plan a course of action
• 计划行动步骤；制订计划:
»She had carefully charted her route to the top of her profession.
她周密地制订了达到她职业巅峰的行动计划。
3. to make a map of an area
• 绘制区域地图
【SYN】 map :
»Cook charted the coast of New Zealand in 1768.
库克于 1768 年绘制了新西兰的海岸图。
blues / blu:z /
◙ noun
1. (often the blues) [U] a type of slow sad music with strong rhythms, developed by African American musicians in the southern US
• 布鲁斯音乐, 蓝调 (源于美国南部黑人,节奏感强、缓慢忧郁):
»a blues band / singer
布鲁斯乐队/歌手
2. [C] (pl. blues) a blues song
• 布鲁斯歌曲； 蓝调歌曲
3. the blues [pl.] feelings of sadness
• 忧郁；悲伤；沮丧:
»the Monday morning blues
星期一早晨的郁闷情绪
--› see also baby blues
root / ru:t /
◙ noun
›› OF PLANT 植物
1. [C] the part of a plant that grows under the ground and absorbs water and minerals that it sends to the rest of the plant
• 根；根茎:
»deep spreading roots
扎得很深的根
»I pulled the plant up by (= including) the roots.
我把这棵植物连根拔起。
»Tree roots can cause damage to buildings.
树根会给大楼造成损害。
»root crops / vegetables (= plants whose roots you can eat, such as carrots)
根茎作物/蔬菜
--› see also grass roots , taproot
›› OF HAIR / TOOTH / NAIL 头发；牙齿；指甲
2. [C] the part of a hair, tooth, nail or tongue that attaches it to the rest of the body
• 根；根部:
»hair that is blonde at the ends and dark at the roots
发梢金黄而发根黑的头发
›› MAIN CAUSE OF PROBLEM 问题的主要原因
3. [C, usually sing.] the main cause of sth, such as a problem or difficult situation
• 根源；起因:
»Money, or love of money, is said to be the root of all evil.
有人说钱和爱钱是万恶之源。
»We have to get to the root of the problem.
我们必须找到问题的根源。
»What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.
他的一切忧虑源于一种不安全感。
»What would you say was the root cause of the problem?
你认为问题的起因是什么？
›› ORIGIN 起源
4. [C, usually pl.] the origin or basis of sth
• 起源；基础；根基:
»Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.
弗拉明科起源于阿拉伯音乐。
›› CONNECTION WITH PLACE 与地方相关
5. roots [pl.] the feelings or connections that you have with a place because you have lived there or your family came from there
• 根(指与出生地或原籍相关联的情感或联系):
»I'm proud of my Italian roots.
我为我的意大利血统感到骄傲。
»After 20 years in America, I still feel my roots are in England.
尽管在美国生活了 20 年,我还是觉得我的根在英国。
›› OF WORD 单词
6. [C] (linguistics 语言) the part of a word that has the main meaning and that its other forms are based on; a word that other words are formed from
• 词根:
»'Walk' is the root of 'walks', 'walked', 'walking' and 'walker'.
* walk 是 walks、walked、walking 和 walker 的词根。
›› MATHEMATICS 数学
7. [C] a quantity which, when multiplied by itself a particular number of times, produces another quantity
• 方根；根
--› see also cube root , square root 【IDIOMS】
◘ put down 'roots
1. (of a plant 植物) to develop roots
• 生根
2. to settle and live in one place
• 定居:
»After ten years travelling the world, she felt it was time to put down roots somewhere.
游历世界十年之后,她觉得该是找个地方定居的时候了。
◘ ˌroot and 'branch
• thoroughly and completely
• 完全彻底:
»The government set out to destroy the organization root and branch.
政府着手完全彻底地摧毁这个组织。
»root-and-branch reforms
全面彻底的改革
◘ take 'root
1. (of a plant 植物) to develop roots
• 生根
2. (of an idea 思想) to become accepted widely
• 植根；深入人心:
»Fortunately, militarism failed to take root in Europe as a whole.
幸运的是,军国主义没有能够深入整个欧洲。
◙ verb
›› OF PLANTS 植物
1. [V VN] to grow roots; to make or encourage a plant to grow roots
• (使)生根
›› SEARCH 寻找
2. [V +adv. / prep.] ~ (about / around) for sth | ~ (through sth) (for sth) to search for sth by moving things or turning things over
• 翻寻
【SYN】 rummage :
»pigs rooting for food
拱土觅食的猪
»'It must be here somewhere,' she said, rooting through the suitcase.
"它一定就在这里的什么地方。"她一边说一边翻着衣箱。
»Who's been rooting around in my desk?
谁乱翻我的书桌了？
›› SEX 性
3. [V VN] (AustralE, NZE, taboo, slang) to have sex with sb
• (与某人)性交【PHR V】
◘ 'root for sb [no passive] (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (informal)
• to support or encourage sb in a sports competition or when they are in a difficult situation
• (体育比赛或遭遇困难时)给…助威,给…加油:
»We're rooting for the Bulls.
我们为公牛队加油。
»Good luck—I'm rooting for you!
祝你好运——我支持你！
◘ ˌroot sth / sb∽'out
1. to find the person or thing that is causing a problem and remove or get rid of them
• 找到并去除(祸根)；根除
2. to find sb / sth after searching for a long time
• 终于发现(或找到)
◘ ˌroot sb to 'sth
• to make sb unable to move because of fear, shock, etc.
• 使(因害怕、惊吓等)呆住不动:
»Embarrassment rooted her to the spot.
她尴尬得呆住了。
◘ ˌroot sth∽'up
• to dig or pull up a plant with its roots
• 连根挖起；连根拔起
slav∙ery / ˈsleivəri /
◙ noun [U]
1. the state of being a slave
• 奴隶身分:
»to be sold into slavery
被卖为奴
2. the practice of having slaves
• 奴隶制；蓄奴:
»the abolition of slavery
奴隶制的废除
【OPP】 freedom
ten∙dency / ˈtendənsi /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [C] ~ (for sb / sth) (to do sth) | ~ (to / towards sth) if sb / sth has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way
• 倾向；偏好；性情:
»to display artistic, etc. tendencies
显示出对艺术等的偏好
»I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
»There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.
这种疾病易在家族里遗传。
»She has a strong natural tendency towards caution.
她天生喜欢小心谨慎。
2. [C] ~ (for sb / sth) (to do sth) | ~ (to / towards sth) a new custom that is starting to develop
• 趋势；趋向
【SYN】 trend :
»There is a growing tendency among employers to hire casual staff.
雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势。
3. [C + sing. / pl. v.] (BrE) a group within a larger political group, whose views are more extreme than those of the rest of the group
• (政党内的)极端派别
for∙mat / ˈfɔ:mæt; NAmE ˈfɔ:rmæt /
◙ noun
1. the general arrangement, plan, design, etc. of sth
• 总体安排；计划；设计:
»The format of the new quiz show has proved popular.
新的智力竞赛节目的总体安排结果证明很受欢迎。
2. the shape and size of a book, magazine, etc.
• (出版物的)版式,开本:
»They've brought out the magazine in a new format.
他们用新的版式出版这杂志。
3. (computing 计) the way in which data is stored or held to be worked on by a computer
• 格式
◙ verb (-tt-) [VN]
1. to prepare a computer disk so that data can be recorded on it
• 格式化
2. (technical 术语) to arrange text in a particular way on a page or a screen
• 安排版式
trum∙pet / ˈtrʌmpit /
◙ noun
1. a brass musical instrument made of a curved metal tube that you blow into, with three valves for changing the note
• 小号；喇叭
2. a thing shaped like a trumpet, especially the open flower of a daffodil
• 喇叭形物；(尤指)绽开的水仙花【IDIOMS】
--› see blow v.
◙ verb
1. ~ sth (as sth) to talk about sth publicly in a proud or enthusiastic way
• 宣扬；鼓吹；吹嘘:
▪ [VN]
»to trumpet sb's achievements
吹嘘某人的成就
»Their marriage was trumpeted as the society wedding of the year.
他们联姻给宣扬成当年的豪门良缘。
▪ [also V speech]
2. [V] (especially of an elephant 尤指大象) to make a loud noise
• 吼叫
lib∙erty / ˈlibəti; NAme -bərti /
◙ noun (pl. -ies)
1. [U] freedom to live as you choose without too many restrictions from government or authority
• 自由(自己选择生活方式而不受政府及权威限制):
»the fight for justice and liberty
争取正义和自由的斗争
2. [U] the state of not being a prisoner or a slave
• 自由(不受关押或奴役的状态):
»He had to endure six months' loss of liberty.
他得忍受六个月失去自由之苦。
3. [C] the legal right and freedom to do sth
• 自由(做某事的合法权利或行动自由):
»The right to vote should be a liberty enjoyed by all.
投票权应当是人人享有的合法权利。
»People fear that security cameras could infringe personal liberties.
人们担心保安摄像机会侵犯人身自由。
--› see also civil liberty
4. [sing.] an act or a statement that may offend or annoy sb, especially because it is done without permission or does not show respect
• 冒犯行为(或言语)；放肆；失礼:
»He took the liberty of reading my files while I was away.
他趁我不在时擅自看我的文件。
»They've got a liberty, not even sending me a reply.
他们真无礼,连个答覆也不给我回。 【IDIOMS】
◘ at liberty
•(formal) (of a prisoner or an animal 囚犯或动物) no longer in prison or in a cage
• 不再受监禁；自由
【SYN】 free
◘ at liberty to do sth
•(formal) having the right or freedom to do sth
• 有权做…；有…自由
【SYN】 free :
»You are at liberty to say what you like.
你尽可畅所欲言。
◘ take 'liberties with sb / sth
1. to make important and unreasonable changes to sth, especially a book
• (尤指对书)任意窜改:
»The movie takes considerable liberties with the novel that it is based on.
影片对小说原作作了相当大的改动。
2. (old-fashioned) to be too friendly with sb, especially in a sexual way
• 过分亲昵；放肆；狎昵；调戏
ˌrock and 'roll (also ˌrock 'n' 'roll)
◙ noun [U]
• a type of music popular in the 1950s with a strong beat and simple tunes
• 摇滚乐
grad∙ual / ˈɡrædʒuəl /
◙ adj.
1. happening slowly over a long period; not sudden
• 逐渐的；逐步的；渐进的:
»a gradual change in the climate
气候的逐渐变化
»Recovery from the disease is very gradual.
这种疾病的康复过程缓慢。
【OPP】 sudden
2. (of a slope 斜坡) not steep
• 平缓的；不陡的
de∙cline / diˈklain /
◙ noun [C, usually sing., U]
• ~ (in sth) | ~ (of sth) a continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of sth
• (数量、价值、质量等的)减少,下降,衰落,衰退:
»a rapid / sharp / gradual decline
迅速/急剧/逐渐下降
»urban / economic decline
城市衰落；经济衰退
»The company reported a small decline in its profits.
公司报告其利润略有减少。
»An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.
汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少。
»The town fell into (a) decline (= started to be less busy, important, etc.) after the mine closed.
这个镇在矿井关闭后开始衰落。
»Industry in Britain has been in decline since the 1970s.
英国工业自 20 世纪 70 年代以来一直在走下坡路。
◙ verb
1. [V] to become smaller, fewer, weaker, etc.
• 减少；下降；衰弱；衰退:
»Support for the party continues to decline.
对该党的支持继续下降。
»The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.
去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了 10%。
»Her health was declining rapidly.
她的健康状况迅速恶化。
2. (formal) to refuse politely to accept or to do sth
• 谢绝；婉言拒绝
【SYN】 refuse :
▪ [V]
»I offered to give them a lift but they declined.
我主动邀请他们搭车,但他们婉言谢绝了。
▪ [VN]
»to decline an offer / invitation
谢绝对方的主动帮助/邀请
▪ [V to inf]
»Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations.
他们的发言人拒绝对这些指控加以评论。
3. [V VN] (grammar 语法) if a noun, an adjective or a pronoun declines, it has different forms according to whether it is the subject or the object of a verb, whether it is in the singular or plural, etc. When you decline a noun, etc., you list these forms.
• (根据名词、形容词或代词在句中的作用)变格,使发生词形变化
--› compare conjugate 【IDIOMS】
◘ sb's declining 'years
•(literary) the last years of sb's life
• 暮年；晚年
trend / trend /
◙ noun
• ~ (towards / in sth) a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing
• 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向:
»economic / social / political trends
经济/社会/政治趋势
»There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement.
提早退休者有增加的趋势。
»current trends in language teaching
当前语言教学的趋势
»a downward / an upward trend in sales
销售额下滑/上升的趋势
»You seem to have set (= started) a new trend.
看来你们在开新风。
»This trend is being reversed (= is going in the opposite direction).
这种倾向正在扭转。
»One region is attempting to buck (= oppose or resist) the trend of economic decline.
其中一个地区在经济衰退中出现逆流而上的趋势。
»The underlying trend of inflation is still upwards.
通货膨胀的潜在趋势仍然是上升的。
rhythm / ˈriðəm /
◙ noun [U, C]
1. a strong regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements
• 节奏；韵律；律动:
»to dance to the rhythm of the music
随着音乐的节奏跳舞
»music with a fast / slow / steady rhythm
节奏快的/慢的/平稳的音乐
»jazz rhythms
爵士乐的节奏
»He can't seem to play in rhythm.
他的演奏好像不合节拍。
»The boat rocked up and down in rhythm with the sea.
小船随着海浪起伏有致。
»the rhythm of her breathing
她的呼吸节奏
»a dancer with a natural sense of rhythm (= the ability to move in time to a fixed beat)
天生节奏感很强的舞蹈者
2. a regular pattern of changes or events
• 规则变化；规律；节律:
»the rhythm of the seasons
四季的更迭
»biological / body rhythms
生物/人体节律
--› see also biorhythm
ˌrhythm and 'blues
◙ noun [U]
• (abbr. R & B) a type of music that is a mixture of blues and jazz and has a strong rhythm
• 节奏布鲁斯, 节奏蓝调 (由布鲁斯和爵士乐综合而成的节奏感很强的音乐)
rat∙tle / ˈrætl /
◙ verb (informal)
1. to make a series of short loud sounds when hitting against sth hard; to make sth do this
• (使)发出喀哒喀哒的声音:
▪ [V]
»Every time a bus went past, the windows rattled.
每逢公共汽车经过这里,窗户都格格作响。
▪ [also VN]
2. [V +adv. / prep.] (of a vehicle 车辆) to make a series of short loud sounds as it moves somewhere
• (运行时)发出连续短促的高声:
»A convoy of trucks rattled by.
卡车队隆隆驶过。
3. [VN] to make sb nervous or frightened
• 使紧张；使恐惧
【SYN】 unnerve :
»He was clearly rattled by the question.
这个问题显然令他感到紧张。
--› see also sabre-rattling 【IDIOMS】
◘ ˌrattle sb's 'cage
•(informal) to annoy sb
• 骚扰；使恼怒:
»Who's rattled his cage?
谁惹他生气了？ 【PHR V】
◘ ˌrattle a'round ◘ | ˌrattle a'round sth (informal)
• to be living, working, etc. in a room or building that is too big
• 在空荡的大房子里居住(或工作等):
»She spent the last few years alone, rattling around the old family home.
她在世的最后几年,一个人居住在空空荡荡的老宅子里。
◘ ˌrattle sth∽'off
• to say sth from memory without having to think too hard
• 脱口而出；不假思索地说出:
»She can rattle off the names of all the presidents of the US.
她可以不假思索地说出所有美国总统的名字。
◘ ˌrattle 'on (about sth) (informal)
• to talk continuously about sth that is not important or interesting, especially in an annoying way
• 对…喋喋不休
◙ noun
1. (also rat∙tling) [usually sing.] a series of short loud sounds made when hard objects hit against each other
• 一连串短促尖厉的撞击声；喀哒声:
»the rattle of gunfire
轰隆轰隆的炮火声
»From the kitchen came a rattling of cups and saucers.
从厨房里传来叮叮当当杯盘相碰的声音。
--› see also death rattle
2. a baby's toy that makes a series of short loud sounds when it is shaken
• 拨浪鼓
3. (BrE) a wooden object that is held in one hand and makes a series of short loud sounds when you spin it round, used, for example, by people watching a sports game
• 响板(在体育比赛等中观众用来助阵)
comet / ˈkɔmit; NAmE ˈkɑ:mət /
◙ noun
• a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail
• 彗星；扫帚星
band / bænd /
◙ noun
›› GROUP OF MUSICIANS 乐队
1. [C + sing. / pl. v.] a small group of musicians who play popular music together, often with a singer or singers
• 流行音乐乐队:
»a rock / jazz band
摇滚乐/爵士乐队
»She's a singer with a band.
她是一个乐队的歌手。
--› see also boy band , girl band
2. [C + sing. / pl. v.] a group of musicians who play brass and percussion instruments
• 管乐队；鼓号乐队:
»a military band
军乐队
--› see also brass band , marching band , one-man band
›› GROUP OF PEOPLE 人群；团伙
3. [C + sing. / pl. v.] a group of people who do sth together or who have the same ideas
• 一伙人；一帮人:
»a band of outlaws
一帮歹徒
»He persuaded a small band of volunteers to help.
他劝服了一小批志愿者来帮忙。
›› STRIP OF MATERIAL / COLOUR 带子；颜色带
4. [C] a thin flat strip or circle of any material that is put around things, for example to hold them together or to make them stronger
• 带；箍:
»She always ties her hair back in a band.
她总是用一条带子把头发扎在后面。
»All babies in the hospital have name bands on their wrists.
医院里所有新生儿手腕上都套着写有名字的手箍。
»She wore a simple band of gold on her finger.
她戴着一枚净面的金戒指。
--› see also armband , hairband , hatband , rubber band , sweatband , waistband
5. [C] a strip of colour or material on sth that is different from what is around it
• 条纹；条饰:
»a white plate with a blue band around the edge
带蓝边的白盘子
›› OF RADIO WAVES 无线电波
6. (also wave∙band) [C] a range of radio waves
• 频带；波段:
»Short-wave radio uses the 20-50 metre band.
短波收音机用的波段是 20–50 米。
›› RANGE 范围
7. [C] a range of numbers, ages, prices, etc. within which people or things are counted or measured
• (数目、年龄、价格等的)范围,段:
»the 25-35 age band
* 25–35 岁的年龄段
»tax bands
税收等级
◙ verb [VN]
• [usually passive]
›› WITH COLOUR / MATERIAL 色彩；材料
1. to put a band of a different colour or material around sth
• 加彩条(或嵌条等):
▪ [VN-ADJ]
»Many insects are banded black and yellow.
很多昆虫有黑色和黄色的条纹。
▪ [also VN]
›› PUT INTO RANGE 划分范围
2. (BrE) to be organized into bands of price, income, etc.
• (将价格、收入等)划分档次,分等级:
»Tax is banded according to income.
赋税是按收入划分等级的。 【PHR V】
◘ ˌband to'gether
• to form a group in order to achieve sth
• 联合；携手:
»Local people banded together to fight the drug dealers.
当地人齐心协力打击毒品贩子。
seek / si:k /
◙ verb (sought, sought / sɔ:t / ) (formal)
1. ~ (for) sth / sb to look for sth / sb
• 寻找:
▪ [VN]
»Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes.
请驾车者另寻其他路线。 ◊
▪ [V]
»(BrE) They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.
他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。
2. to try to obtain or achieve sth
• 寻求；谋求；争取:
▪ [VN]
»to seek funding for a project
为项目筹募资金
»Highly qualified secretary seeks employment. (= in an advertisement)
优秀秘书求职(广告用语)。
»We are currently seeking new ways of expanding our membership.
目前,我们正探索发展会员的新途径。
▪ [also V]
3. [VN] ~ sth (from sb) to ask sb for sth
• (向人)请求,寻求:
»I think it's time we sought legal advice.
我想我们现在该咨询一下律师了。
»She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来,然后向一位邻居求助。
4. [V to inf] to try to do sth
• 试图；设法
【SYN】 attempt :
»They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protesters.
他们迅速设法远离抗议者。
5. -seeking (in adjectives and nouns 构成形容词和名词) looking for or trying to get the thing mentioned; the activity of doing this
• 寻求(或追求)…的；对…的寻求(或追求):
»attention-seeking behaviour
为引起他人的注意而作出的行为
»Voluntary work can provide a framework for job-seeking.
参与义务工作有助于奠定求职的基础。
--› see also heat-seeking , self-seeking , hide-and-seek 【IDIOMS】
◘ seek your 'fortune
•(literary) to try to find a way to become rich, especially by going to another place
• 外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡；闯世界【PHR V】
◘ ˌseek sb / sth 'out
• to look for and find sb / sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort
• 挑选出；物色
preju∙dice / ˈpredʒudis /
◙ noun [U, C]
• ~ (against sb / sth) an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc.
• 偏见；成见:
»a victim of racial prejudice
种族偏见的受害者
»Their decision was based on ignorance and prejudice.
他们的决定是由于无知和偏见。
»There is little prejudice against workers from other EU states.
对来自其他欧盟国家的劳工可说并无偏见。
»I must admit to a prejudice in favour of British universities.
我得承认我对英国大学有所偏爱。 【IDIOMS】
◘ without 'prejudice (to sth)
(law 律)
• without affecting any other legal matter
• 不损害其他权益；无损于合法权利:
»They agreed to pay compensation without prejudice (= without admitting guilt ).
他们同意赔偿,但不承认有罪。
◙ verb [VN]
1. ~ sb (against sb / sth) to influence sb so that they have an unfair or unreasonable opinion about sb / sth
• 使怀有(或形成)偏见
【SYN】 bias :
»The prosecution lawyers have been trying to prejudice the jury against her.
控方律师一直力图使陪审团对她形成偏见。
2. (formal) to have a harmful effect on sth
• 损害；有损于:
»Any delay will prejudice the child's welfare.
任何延误都会损及这个孩子的身心健康。
--› note at damage
dis∙crim∙in∙ation / diˌskrimiˈneiʃn /
◙ noun
1. [U] ~ (against sb) | ~ (in favour of sb) the practice of treating sb or a particular group in society less fairly than others
• 区别对待；歧视；偏袒:
»age / racial / sex / sexual discrimination (= because of sb's age, race or sex)
年龄/种族/性别歧视
»discrimination against the elderly
歧视老人
»discrimination in favour of the young
厚待年轻人
»discrimination on the grounds of race, gender, or sexual orientation
按照种族、性别或性取向给予区别对待
--› see also positive discrimination
2. [U] (approving) the ability to judge what is good, true, etc.
• 识别力；辨别力；鉴赏力
【SYN】 discernment :
»He showed great discrimination in his choice of friends.
他在择友方面颇具慧眼。
3. (formal) [U, C] the ability to recognize a difference between six thing and another; a difference that is recognized
• 区别；识别；辨别:
»to learn discrimination between right and wrong
学会分辨是非
»fine discriminations
细微区别
scream / skri:m /
◙ verb
1. ~ (out) (in / with sth) to give a loud, high cry, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc.
• (因伤痛、害怕、激动等)尖叫
【SYN】 shriek :
▪ [V]
»He covered her mouth to stop her from screaming.
他捂上她的嘴,不让她叫出声来。
»The kids were screaming with excitement.
孩子们兴奋地喊叫着。
»People ran for the exits, screaming out in terror.
人们惊恐万状,尖叫着奔向出口。
▪ [VN-ADJ]
»The baby was screaming itself hoarse.
婴儿哭得嗓子都哑了。
2. ~ (sth) (out) (at sb) | ~ (out) (for sth / sb) to shout sth in a loud, high voice because of fear, anger, etc.
• (向某人或为某事)高声喊,大声叫
【SYN】 yell :
▪ [V speech]
»'Help!' she screamed.
"救命啊！"她喊道。
▪ [V]
»Someone was screaming for help.
有人在喊救命。
»He screamed at me to stop.
他冲着我喊,要我停下来。
▪ [VN]
»She screamed abuse at him.
她对他破口大骂。
▪ [V that]
»His sister screamed out that he was crazy.
他姐姐大叫着说他昏了头。
3. [V , usually +adv. / prep.] to make a loud, high noise; to move fast, making this noise
• 发出大而尖的声音；呼啸而过
【SYN】 screech :
»Lights flashed and sirens screamed.
灯光闪动,警报鸣叫。
»The powerboat screamed out to sea.
汽艇呼啸着出海了。 【IDIOMS】
◘ scream blue 'murder
(BrE) (NAmE scream bloody 'murder)
• to scream loudly and for a long time, especially in order to protest about sth
• 不停地叫嚷(尤指叫屈、鸣不平)【PHR V】
◘ ˌscream 'out (for sth)
• to be in need of attention in a very noticeable way
• 亟须；亟待
【SYN】 call out :
»These books scream out to be included in a list of favourites.
这几本书亟须列入最受读者喜爱的书目之中。
◙ noun
1. [C] a loud high cry made by sb who is hurt, frightened, excited, etc.; a loud high noise
• 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音:
»She let out a scream of pain.
她疼得大叫一声。
»They ignored the baby's screams.
他们对孩子的哭叫充耳不闻。
»He drove off with a scream of tyres.
他驾车吱地一声开走了。
2. [sing.] (old-fashioned, informal) a person or thing that causes you to laugh
• 可笑的人(或物):
»He's a scream.
他挺滑稽的。