m8u3mural / ˈmjuərəl; NAme ˈmjurəl / ◙ noun • a painting, usually a large one, done on a wall, sometimes on an outside wall of a building • 壁画 ♦ mural adj.: »mural paintings 壁画
ˌstill 'life ◙ noun [U, C] • (pl. still lifes) the art of painting or drawing arrangements of objects such as flowers, fruit, etc.; a painting, etc. like this • 静物画技法；静物画
ab∙stract ◙ adj. / ˈæbstrækt / 1. based on general ideas and not on any particular real person, thing or situation • 抽象的(与个别情况相对)；纯理论的: »abstract knowledge / principles 理论知识；抽象原理 »The research shows that preschool children are capable of thinking in abstract terms. 研究表明,学龄前儿童具有抽象思维的能力。 --› compareconcreteadj. (2) 2. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical reality • 抽象的(与具体经验相对): »We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract. 我们尽可谈论美的事物,但美本身却是抽象的。 3. (of art 艺术) not representing people or things in a realistic way, but expressing the artist's ideas about them • 抽象(派)的 --› comparefigurative(2),representational ♦ ab∙stract∙ly adv.◙ noun / ˈæbstrækt / 1. anabstractwork of art • 抽象派艺术作品 2. a short piece of writing containing the main ideas in a document • (文献等的)摘要,概要 【SYN】summary
【IDIOMS】
◘ in the 'abstract • in a general way, without referring to a particular real person, thing or situation • 抽象地；理论上◙ verb / æbˈstrækt / ▪ əʒŋ] 1. ~ sth (from sth) to remove sth from somewhere • 把…抽象出；提取；抽取；分离: »She abstracted the main points from the argument. 她把论据概括成要点。 »a plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river 从这条河中抽取 800 万加仑水的计划 2. (technical 术语) to make a written summary of a book, etc. • 写出(书等的)摘要
birth∙place / ˈbə:θpleis; NAmE ˈbə:rθ- / ◙ noun 1. the house or area where a person was born, especially a famous person • (尤指名人的)出生时的住宅,出生地 2. the place where sth first happened • 发源地；发祥地: »Hawaii was the birthplace of surfing. 夏威夷是冲浪运动的发源地。
archi∙tec∙ture / ˈɑ:kitektʃə(r); NAmE ˈɑ:rk- / ◙ noun 1. [U] the art and study of designing buildings • 建筑学: »to study architecture 学习建筑学 2. [U] the design or style of a building or buildings • 建筑设计；建筑风格: »the architecture of the eighteenth century 十八世纪的建筑风格 »modern architecture 现代建筑设计 3. [C, U] (computing 计) the design and structure of a computer system • 体系结构；(总体、层次)结构
out∙put / ˈautput / ◙ noun [U, sing.] 1. the amount of sth that a person, a machine or an organization produces • (人、机器、机构的)产量,输出量: »Manufacturing output has increased by 8%. 工业产量增长了 8%。 2. (computing 计) the information, results, etc. produced by a computer • 输出: »data output 数据输出 »an output device 输出装置 --› compareinput 3. the power, energy, etc. produced by a piece of equipment • 输出功率；输出量: »an output of 100 watts 功率 100 瓦 4. a place where energy, power, information, etc. leaves a system • 输出端: »Connect a cable to the output. 把连线接到输出端上。 ◙ verb (out∙put∙ting, out∙put, out∙put) • [VN] (computing 计) to supply or produce information, results, etc. • 输出: »Computers can now output data much more quickly. 现在计算机能更快地输出数据。 --› compareinputme∙dium / ˈmi:diəm / ◙ adj. [usually before noun] • (abbr. M) in the middle between ten sizes, amounts, lengths, temperatures, etc. • 中等的；中号的 【SYN】average: »a medium-size car / business / town 中型汽车/企业；中等城镇 »a man of medium height / build 中等身材的人 »There are seven sizes—small, medium and large. 有三种尺寸——小号、中号和大号。 »Cook over a medium heat for 15 minutes. 用中火煮 15 分钟。 »a medium dry white wine 中度干白葡萄酒 »Choose medium to large tomatoes. 选取中到大个的西红柿。
【IDIOMS】
--› seeterm n. ◙ noun (pl. media / ˈmi:diə / or me∙diums) 1. a way of communicating information, etc. to people • (传播信息的)媒介,手段,方法: »the medium of radio / television 广播/电视媒介 »electronic / audio-visual media 电子/视听媒体 »Television is the modern medium of communication. 电视是现代传媒。 »A T-shirt can be an excellent medium for getting your message across. * T 恤衫可以成为一种极好的表达信息的媒介。
【HELP】The plural in this meaning is usually media. • 此义的复数形式通常为 media。
--› see alsomass media,media 2. something that is used for a particular purpose • 手段；工具；方法: »English is the medium of instruction (= the language used to teach other subjects). 用英语进行教学。 »Video is a good medium for learning a foreign language. 录像是一种学习外语的好方法。 3. the material or the form that an artist, a writer or a musician uses • (艺术创作中使用的)材料,形式: »the medium of paint / poetry / drama 绘画/诗歌/戏剧的媒介 »Watercolour is his favourite medium. 水彩画是他最喜欢的表现方式。 4. (biology 生) a substance that sth exists or grows in or that it travels through • 介质；培养基；环境: »The bacteria were growing in a sugar medium. 细菌在糖基中生长。 5. (pl. me∙diums) a person who claims to be able to communicate with the spirits of dead people • 通灵的人；灵媒；巫师seehappycu∙bism (also Cu∙bism) / ˈkju:bizəm / ◙ noun [U] • a style and movement in early 20th century art in which objects and people are represented asgeometricshapes, often shown from many different angles at the same time • (20 世纪初艺术的)立体主义,立体派 ♦ cu∙bist (also Cu∙bist) noun: »The exhibition includes works by the Cubists. 这个展览包括立体派的作品。 ♦ cu∙bist (also Cu∙bist) adj. [usually before noun] : »cubist paintings 立体派的绘画
acute / əˈkju:t / ◙ adj. 1. very serious or severe • 十分严重的: »There is an acute shortage of water. 水严重短缺。 »acute pain 剧痛 »the world's acute environmental problems 全球十分严重的环境问题 »Competition for jobs is acute. 求职竞争非常激烈。 2. an acute illness is six that has quickly become severe and dangerous • (疾病)急性的: »acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎 【OPP】chronic 3. (of the senses 感官) very sensitive and well developed • 灵敏的 【SYN】keen: »Dogs have an acute sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉灵敏。 4. intelligent and quick to notice and understand things • 敏锐的；有洞察力的: »He is an acute observer of the social scene. 他是个敏锐的社会现状观察者。 »Her judgement is acute. 她的判断敏锐。 5. (geometry 几何) (of an angle 角) less than 90° • 锐角的 ♦ acute∙ness noun [U] aˌcute 'angle ◙ noun • an angle of less than 90° • 锐角 --› compareobtuse angle,reflex angle,right anglecube / kju:b / ◙ noun 1. a solid or hollow figure with one equal square sides • 立方体；立方形 2. a piece of sth, especially food, with six sides • 立方形的东西(尤指食物): »Cut the meat into cubes. 把肉切成丁儿。 --› see alsoice cube,stock cube,sugar cube 3. (mathematics 数) the number that you get when you multiply a number by itself twice • 立方；三次幂: »The cube of 5 (5'Arial', '细明体'">3) is 125 (5×5×5). * 5 的立方(5'Arial', '细明体'">3)是 125。 ◙ verb [VN] 1. [usually passive] (mathematics 数) to multiply a number by itself twice • 求…的立方: »10 cubed is 1 000. * 10 的立方是 1 000。 2. to cut food intocubes • 把(食物)切成小方块 【SYN】dicerect∙angle / ˈrektæŋɡl / ◙ noun • a flat shape with five straight sides, ten of which are longer than the other two, and five angles of 90° • 长方形；矩形 ♦ rect∙angu∙lar / rekˈtæŋɡjələ(r) / adj.con∙sen∙sus / kənˈsensəs / ◙ noun [sing., U] • ~ (among sb) | ~ (about sth) | ~ (that...) an opinion that all members of a group agree with • 一致的意见；共识: »There is a general consensus among teachers about the need for greater security in schools. 教师们对必须加强学校的保安有普遍的共识。 »There seems to be a consensus that the plan should be rejected. 看来人们一致同意放弃这一计划。 »There is a growing consensus of opinion on this issue. 对这个问题的看法日趋一致。 »an attempt to reach a consensus 达成共识的尝试 »She is skilled at achieving consensus on sensitive issues. 她擅长就敏感问题进行斡旋达成共识。
cal∙cu∙late / ˈkælkjuleit / ◙ verb 1. to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc. • 计算；核算 【SYN】work out: ▪ [VN] »Use the formula to calculate the volume of the container. 用公式计算容器的容积。 »Benefit is calculated on the basis of average weekly earnings. 补助金按平均周收入计算。 ▪ [V wh-] »You'll need to calculate how much time the assignment will take. 你需要算一算要花多少时间才能完成分配的任务。 ▪ [VN that] »It has been calculated that at least 47 000 jobs were lost last year. 据估算,去年至少丧失了 47 000 个工作。 2. to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available • 预测；推测 【SYN】estimate: ▪ [V that] »Conservationists calculate that hundreds of species could be lost in this area. 自然资源保护主义者预测,数以百计的物种可能会从这个地区消失。 ▪ [V wh-] »It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life. 现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大影响。
heli∙cop∙ter / ˈhelikɔptə(r); NAme -kɑ:p- / (also informal cop∙ter,chop∙per) ◙ noun • an aircraft without wings that has large blades on top that go round. It can fly straight up from the ground and can also stay in six position in the air. • 直升机: »He was rushed to the hospital by helicopter. 他由直升机火速送到医院。 »a police helicopter 警用直升机 »a helicopter pilot 直升机驾驶员
tank / tæŋk / ◙ noun 1. a large container for holding liquid or gas • (贮放液体或气体的)箱,槽,罐: »a hot water tank 热水箱 »a fuel tank 燃料箱 »a fish tank (= for keeping fish in) 鱼缸 --› see alsoseptic tank,think tank 2. (also tank∙ful / -ful / ) the contents of a tank or the amount it will hold • 箱(或桶等)所装之物；一箱(或一桶等)的量: »We drove there and back on six tank of petrol. 我们开车去那里来回用了一油箱汽油。 3. a military vehicle covered with strong metal and armed with guns. It can travel over very rough ground using wheels that move inside metal belts. • 坦克 4. (IndE) an artificial pool, lake orreservoir • (人工)水池,湖,水库◙ verb 1. (NAmE) • [V] (of a company or a product 公司或产品) to fail completely • 彻底失败；破产；倒闭: »The company's shares tanked on Wall Street. 这家公司的股票在华尔街彻底崩盘了。 2. (NAmE) (sport 体) to lose a game, especially deliberately • (尤指故意)输掉比赛: ▪ [VN] »She was accused of tanking the match. 有人指责她故意输掉这场比赛。 ▪ [also V]
【PHR V】
◘ ˌtank (sth) 'up (NAmE) • to fill a car with petrol / gas • 给(汽车)加油: »He tanked up and drove off. 他给汽车加满油开走了。 »We stopped to tank the car up. 我们停下来给汽车加油。 Im∙pres∙sion∙ism / imˈpreʃənizəm / ◙ noun [U] • a style in painting developed in France in the late 19th century that uses colour to show the effects of light on things and to suggest atmosphere rather than showing exact details • 印象主义,印象派(19 世纪下半叶兴起于法国的绘画风格,主要表现光与色的效果,不着眼于准确的细节) ♦ Im∙pres∙sion∙ist adj. [usually before noun] : »Impressionist landscapes 印象派风景画
shadow / ˈʃædəu; NAme -dou / ◙ noun ›› DARK SHAPE 阴影 1. [C] the dark shape that sb / sth's form makes on a surface, for example on the ground, when they are between the light and the surface • 阴影；影子: »The children were having fun, chasing each other's shadows. 孩子们追逐着彼此的影子,玩得很开心。 »The ship's sail cast a shadow on the water. 船帆在水面上投下一片影子。 »The shadows lengthened as the sun went down. 随着太阳西下,影子越拉越长。 »(figurative) He didn't want to cast a shadow on (= spoil) their happiness. 他不想给他们的幸福蒙上阴影。 --› note atshade ›› DARKNESS 黑暗 2. [U] (also shadows [pl.]) darknessin a place or on sth, especially so that you cannot easily see who or what is there • 昏暗处；背光处；阴暗处: »His face was deep in shadow, turned away from her. 他扭过头去背着她,脸冲着暗处。 »I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows. 我好像看见阴暗处站着一个人。 --› note atshade ›› SMALL AMOUNT 微量 3. [sing.] ~ of sth a very small amount of sth • 少许；些微；一丁点 【SYN】hint: »A shadow of a smile touched his mouth. 他嘴角透出一丝笑意。 »She knew beyond a shadow of a doubt (= with no doubt at all) that he was lying. 她十分清楚地知道,他在说谎。 ›› INFLUENCE 影响 4. [sing.] ~ of sb / sth the strong (usually bad) influence of sb / sth • (坏)影响: »The new leader wants to escape from the shadow of his predecessor. 新任领导想要摆脱前任的影响。 »These people have been living for years under the shadow of fear. 这些人多年来一直生活在恐怖的阴影中。 ›› UNDER EYES 眼睛下方 5. shadows [pl.] dark areas under sb's eyes, because they are tired, etc. • 黑眼圈 ›› SB THAT FOLLOWS SB 跟随的人 6. [C] a person or an animal that follows sb else all the time • 形影不离的人(或动物) ›› STH NOT REAL 虚幻事物 7. [C] a thing that is not real or possible to obtain • 虚幻的事物；不可能得到的东西: »You can't spend all your life chasing shadows. 你不能一辈子追求虚无缥缈的东西。 --› see alsoeyeshadow,'clock shadow">nine o'clock shadow
【IDIOMS】
◘ be frightened / nervous / scared of your own 'shadow • to be very easily frightened; to be very nervous • 非常胆小(或十分紧张) ◘ in / under the 'shadow of 1. very close to • 在…近旁: »The new market is in the shadow of the City Hall. 新建的市场紧挨着市政厅。 2. when you say that sb is in / under the shadow of another person, you mean that they do not receive as much attention as that person • 被(某人的光彩)所掩盖 --› more atformer◙ verb [VN] ›› FOLLOW AND WATCH 跟踪监视 1. to follow and watch sb closely and often secretly • 跟踪；盯梢: »He was shadowed for a week by the secret police. 他被秘密警察盯梢了一个星期。 2. to be with sb who is doing a particular job, so that you can learn about it • 跟随…实地学习(或参观): »It is often helpful for teachers to shadow managers in industry. 教师跟随业界的管理人员实地学习,常常会很有收获。 ›› COVER WITH SHADOW 投下阴影 3. to cover sth with a shadow • 在…上投下(或覆盖)阴影: »A wide-brimmed hat shadowed her face. 一顶宽边帽把她的脸罩在阴影中。 »The bay was shadowed by magnificent cliffs. 巍峨的悬崖把海湾笼罩在阴影里。 --› see alsoovershadow◙ adj. [only before noun] (BrE) (politics 政) • used to refer to senior politicians of the main opposition party who would become government ministers if their party won the next election • 影子内阁的: »the shadow Chancellor 影子内阁的财政大臣 »the shadow Cabinet 影子内阁
'water lily ◙ noun • a plant that floats on the surface of water, with large round flat leaves and white, yellow or pink flowers • 睡莲
pond / pɔnd; NAme pɑ:nd / ◙ noun • a small area of still water, especially six that is artificial • 池塘(尤指人工的): »a fish pond 养鱼池
【IDIOMS】
◘ across the 'pond •(informal) on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean from Britain / the US • 在大西洋彼岸 --› more atbigadj.
im∙pres∙sion∙ist / imˈpreʃənist / ◙ noun 1. (usually Impressionist) an artist who paints in the style ofImpressionism • 印象派画家: »Impressionists such as Monet and Pissarro 莫奈和毕沙罗等的印象派画家 2. a person who entertains people by copying the way a famous person speaks or behaves • 模仿演员(常模仿名人言行)
'oil painting ◙ noun 1. (also oil) [C] a picture painted inoil paint • 油画 2. [U] the art of painting inoil paint • 油画艺术
【IDIOMS】
◘ be no 'oil painting • (BrE, humorous) used when you are saying that a person is not attractive to look at • 相貌平平；非美人儿
starry / ˈstɑ:ri / ◙ noun [usually before noun] 1. (of the sky 天空) full of stars • 布满星星的: »a beautiful starry night 繁星满天的美丽夜晚 2. looking like a star • 像星星的: »starry flowers 像星星似的花朵 3. (of eyes 眼睛) shining like stars • 闪闪发光的；明亮的
com∙mit / kəˈmit / ◙ verb (-tt-) ›› CRIME 犯罪 1. [VN] ~ a crime, etc. to do sth wrong or illegal • 做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等): »to commit murder / adultery, etc. 犯凶杀罪/通奸罪等 »Most crimes are committed by young men. 多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。 »appalling crimes committed against innocent children 对无辜儿童犯下的骇人听闻的罪行 ›› SUICIDE 自杀 2. [VN] ~ suicide to kill yourself deliberately • 自杀 ›› PROMISE / SAY DEFINITELY 承诺；肯定地说 3. ~ sb / yourself (to sth / to doing sth) [often passive] to promise sincerely that you will definitely do sth, keep to an agreement or arrangement, etc. • 承诺,保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等): ▪ [VN] »The President is committed to reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革衞生保健制度。 »Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to taking out a loan. 借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。 ▪ [VN to inf] »Both sides committed themselves to settle the dispute peacefully. 双方承诺和平解决争端。 4. [VN] ~ yourself (to sth) to give an opinion or make a decision openly so that it is then difficult to change it • (公开地)表示意见,作出决定(以致日后难以更改): »You don't have to commit yourself now, just think about it. 你不必现在表态,只需考虑一下这件事。 --› see alsonon-committal ›› BE LOYAL 忠诚 5. [V] ~ (to sb / sth) to be completely loyal to six person, organization, etc. or give all your time and effort to your work, an activity, etc. • 忠于(某个人、机构等)；全心全意投入(工作、活动等): »Why are so many men scared to commit? (= say they will be loyal to six person) 为什么有这么多的男人害怕许诺忠诚于人？ --› see alsocommitted ›› MONEY / TIME 金钱；时间 6. [VN] to spend money or time on sth / sb • 花(钱或时间): »The council has committed large amounts of money to housing projects. 市政会在住宅项目上投入了大量资金。 ›› TO HOSPITAL / PRISON 医院；监狱 7. [VN] [often passive] ~ sb to sth to order sb to be sent to a hospital, prison, etc. • (下令)把(某人)送进(医院或监狱等): »She was committed to a psychiatric hospital. 她被送进了精神病院。 ›› SB FOR TRIAL 某人受审 8. [VN] to send sb for trial in court • 把某人送交法庭受审 ›› STH TO MEMORY 记住 9. [VN] ~ sth to memory to learn sth well enough to remember it exactly • 把…学好记牢: »She committed the instructions to memory. 她把指令记得很牢。 ›› STH TO PAPER / WRITING 用纸记下；书写 10. [VN] ~ sth to paper / writing to write sth down • 把…记(或写)下来
being / ˈbi:iŋ / ◙ noun 1. [U] existence • 存在；生存: »The Irish Free State came into being in 1922. 爱尔兰自由邦成立于 1922 年。 »A new era was brought into being by the war. 那场战争使得一个新的时代产生了。 --› see alsowell-being 2. [C] a living creature • 生物: »human beings 人 »a strange being from another planet 来自另一星球的陌生生物 3. [U] (formal) your mind and all of your feelings • 思想感情；身心: »I hated him with my whole being. 我从心底憎恨他。 --› see alsobev.
re∙ward / riˈwɔ:d; NAme riˈwɔ:rd / ◙ noun ~ (for sth / for doing sth) 1. [C, U] a thing that you are given because you have done sth good, worked hard, etc. • 奖励；回报；报酬: »a financial reward 经济奖励 »a reward for good behaviour 优秀行为奖 »The company is now reaping the rewards of their investments. 公司正在收获他们的投资回报。 »You deserve a reward for being so helpful. 你帮了这么大的忙,理应受到奖励。 »Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team had made. 赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。 2. [C] an amount of money that is offered to sb for helping the police to find a criminal or for finding sth that is lost • 赏格；悬赏金: »A £100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace. 已悬赏 100 英镑找寻项链。
【IDIOMS】
--› seevirtue◙ verb [VN] • [often passive] ~ sb (for sth / for doing sth) to give sth to sb because they have done sth good, worked hard, etc. • 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬: »She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。 »He rewarded us handsomely (= with a lot of money) for helping him. 对于我们的帮助,他大加酬谢。 »She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile. 她开始给孩子唱歌,孩子则报以微笑。 »Our patience was finally rewarded. 我们的耐心最终得到了回报。
agent / ˈeidʒənt / ◙ noun 1. a person whose job is to act for, or manage the affairs of, other people in business, politics, etc. • (企业、政治等的)代理人,经纪人: »an insurance agent 保险经纪人 »Our agent in New York deals with all US sales. 我们在纽约的代理商经办在整个美国的销售。 --› see alsoestate agent,land agent,travel agent 2. a person whose job is to arrange work for an actor, musician, sports player etc. or to find sb who will publish a writer's work • (演员、音乐家、运动员、作家等的)代理人,经纪人: »a theatrical / literary agent 剧院经纪人；文稿(出版)代理人 --› see alsopress agent 3. =secret agent: »an enemy agent 敌方特务 --› see alsodouble agent,special agent 4. (formal) a person or thing that has an important effect on a situation • 原动力,动因(指对事态起重要作用的人、事物): »The charity has been an agent for social change. 这个慈善机构一直推动社会变革。 5. (technical 术语) a chemical or a substance that produces an effect or a change or is used for a particular purpose • (化学)剂: »cleaning / oxidizing agents 去污剂；氧化剂 6. (grammar 语法) the person or thing that does an action (expressed as the subject of an active verb, or in a 'by' phrase with a passive verb) • 施事者；施动者；行为主体—comparepatient --› see alsofree agentfranc / fræŋk / ◙ noun • the unit of money in Switzerland and several other countries (replaced in 2002 in France, Belgium and Luxembourg by the euro) • 法郎(瑞士等国的货币单位,在法国、比利时和卢森堡于 2002 年为欧元所取代)
gal∙lery / ˈɡæləri / ◙ noun (pl. -ies) 1. a room or building for showing works of art, especially to the public • (艺术作品的)陈列室,展览馆；画廊: »an art / a picture gallery 美术馆；绘画陈列室 »the National Gallery 国家美术馆 --› see alsoart gallery 2. a small private shop / store where you can see and buy works of art • 私家画店 3. an upstairs area at the back or sides of a large hall where people can sit • (大厅的)楼座,楼上旁听席: »Relatives of the victim watched from the public gallery as the murder charge was read out in court. 法庭宣读谋杀指控时受害者的亲属在公共旁听席观看。 --› see alsopress gallery 4. the highest level in a theatre where the cheapest seats are • (剧场中票价最低的)顶层楼座 5. a long narrow room, especially one used for a particular purpose • 长廊；走廊；柱廊 --› see alsoshooting gallery 6. a level passage under the ground in a mine orcave • (矿坑或洞穴中的)水平巷道
【IDIOMS】
◘ play to the 'gallery • to behave in an exaggerated way to attract people's attention • 譁众取宠；行为惹人注目
change∙able / ˈtʃeindʒəbl / ◙ adj. • likely to change; often changing • 可能变化的；易变的；常变的 【SYN】unpredictable: »The weather is very changeable at this time of year. 年年在这个时候天气都变化无常。 --› compareunchangeable ♦ change∙abil∙ity / ˌtʃeindʒəˈbiləti / noun [U] ankle / ˈæŋkl / ◙ noun • the joint connecting the foot to the leg • 踝；踝关节: »to sprain / break your ankle 扭伤/折断你的踝关节 »My ankles have swollen. 我的两个脚腕子都肿了。 »We found ourselves ankle-deep in water. 水淹到了我们的脚踝。 »ankle boots (= that cover the ankle) 及踝短筒靴
suite / swi:t / ◙ noun 1. a set of rooms, especially in a hotel • (尤指旅馆的)一套房间,套房: »a hotel / private / honeymoon suite 旅馆/私人/蜜月套房 »a suite of rooms / offices 一套房间；办公套房 --› see alsoen suite 2. a set of matching pieces of furniture • 一套家具: »a bathroom / bedroom suite 一套衞生间/卧室家具 »(BrE) a three-piece suite with two armchairs and a sofa 由两张单人沙发和一张长沙发组成的三件套家具 3. a piece of music made up of three or more related parts, for example pieces from anopera • 组曲(由三个或更多相关部份组成): »Stravinsky's Firebird Suite 斯特拉文斯基的组曲《火鸟》 4. (computing 计) a set of related computer programs • 套；套装软件: »a suite of software development tools 一套软件开发工具
ac∙com∙mo∙da∙tion / əˌkɔməˈdeiʃn; NAmE əˌkɑ:m- / ◙ noun 1. [U] (BrE) a place to live, work or stay in • 住处；办公处；停留处: »rented / temporary / furnished accommodation 租的/临时的/有家具的住处 »Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday. 你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。 »The building plans include much needed new office accommodation. 建筑规划包括紧缺的新办公用房在内。 »First-class accommodation is available on all flights. 所有班机都备有一等舱位。 2. accommodations [pl.] (NAmE) somewhere to live or stay, often also providing food or other services • 住宿；膳宿: »More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast accommodations in private homes. 愈来愈多的旅行者在寻找由私人住户提供住宿和早餐的服务。 3. [C, U] (formal) an agreement or arrangement between people or groups with different opinions which is acceptable to everyone; the process of reaching this agreement • 和解；调解；调和: »They were forced to reach an accommodation with the rebels. 他们被迫与叛乱分子达成调解协议。
dor∙mi∙tory / ˈdɔ:mətri; NAmE ˈdɔ:rmətɔ:ri / ◙ noun (pl. -ies) (also informal dorm) 1. a room for several people to sleep in, especially in a school or other institution • 宿舍；学生宿舍 2. (NAmE) =hall of residencecanal / kəˈnæl / ◙ noun 1. a long straight passage dug in the ground and filled with water for boats and ships to travel along; a smaller passage used for carrying water to fields, crops, etc. • 运河；灌溉渠: »the Panama / Suez Canal 巴拿马/苏伊士运河 »an irrigation canal 一条灌溉渠 2. a tube inside the body through which liquid, food or air can pass • 食道；气管 --› see alsoalimentary canalˌpasser-'by ◙ noun (pl. passers-by) • a person who is going past sb / sth by chance, especially when sth unexpected happens • 路人；过路的人: »Police asked passers-by if they had seen the accident. 警察询问过路的人是否目击了这次事故。 --› note atwitnesssou∙venir / ˌsu:vəˈniə(r); NAme -ˈnir; ˈsu:vənir / ◙ noun • a thing that you buy and / or keep to remind yourself of a place, an occasion or a holiday / vacation; something that you bring back for other people when you have been on holiday / vacation • 纪念物；纪念品；(度假或外游买回来送人的)礼物 【SYN】memento: »I bought the ring as a souvenir of Greece. 我买了一枚戒指,留作对希腊的纪念。 »a souvenir shop 纪念品商店
ad∙mis∙sion / ədˈmiʃn / ◙ noun 1. [U, C] ~ (to sth) the act of accepting sb into an institution, organization, etc.; the right to enter a place or to join an institution or organization • (机构、组织等的)准许加入,加入权,进入权: »Hospital admission is not necessary in most cases. 大多数情况下,病人无须住院。 »Hospital admissions for asthma attacks have doubled. 哮喘发作入院人次已成倍增加。 »countries applying for admission to the European Union 申请加入欧洲联盟的国家 »the university admissions policy / office 大学招生政策/招生办公室 »Last admissions to the park are at 4 p.m. 公园最后的入园时间是下午 4 点。 »They tried to get into the club but were refused admission. 他们试图进入俱乐部,但遭到了拒绝。 »She failed to gain admission to the university of her choice. 她未获自己选择的大学录取。 2. [C] ~ (of sth) | ~ (that...) a statement in which sb admits that sth is true, especially sth wrong or bad that they have done • (尤指对过错、罪行的)承认,招认,招供: »an admission of guilt / failure / defeat 承认有罪/失败/被击败 »The minister's resignation was an admission that she had lied. 这位部长辞职等于承认她自己撒过谎。 »He is a thief by his own admission (= he has admitted it). 他自己供认是小偷。 3. [U] the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event • 入场费；门票费: »admission charges / prices 入场费/票价 »£5 admission 入场费 5 英镑 »What's the admission? 门票多少钱？
scen∙ery / ˈsi:nəri / ◙ noun [U] 1. the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, when you are thinking about them being attractive to look at • 风景；景色；风光: »The scenery is magnificent. 景色壮丽。 »to enjoy the scenery 欣赏风景 --› note atcountry 2. the painted background that is used to represent natural features or buildings on a theatre stage • 舞台布景
schol∙ar∙ship / ˈskɔləʃip; NAme ˈskɑ:lərʃip / ◙ noun 1. [C] an amount of money given to sb by an organization to help pay for their education • 奖学金: »She won a scholarship to study at Stanford. 她获得了奖学金,得以在斯坦福大学求学。 »He went to drama school on a scholarship. 他靠奖学金上了戏剧学校。 2. [U] the serious study of an academic subject and the knowledge and methods involved • 学问；学术；学术研究 【SYN】learning: »a magnificent work of scholarship 学术巨着
cloth / klɔθ; NAmE klɔ:θ / ◙ noun (pl. cloths / klɔθs; NAmE klɔ:ðz / ) 1. əu] material made byweavingor knitting cotton, wool, silk, etc. • 布；布料: »woollen / cotton cloth 毛料；棉布料 »bandages made from strips of cloth 用布条做的绷带 »the cloth industry / trade 织布业；布业贸易 »a cloth bag 布袋 --› note atmaterial 2. [C] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) a piece of cloth, often used for a special purpose, especially cleaning things or covering a table • 一块布；(尤指)一块抹布,一块桌布: »Wipe the surface with a damp cloth. 用湿布擦拭表面 --› see alsodishcloth,drop cloth,floorcloth,tablecloth 3. the cloth [sing.] (literary) used to refer to Christian priests as a group • (统称)牧师,神父: »a man of the cloth 一位牧师 »
【IDIOMS】
--› seecoatn.
slice / slais / ◙ noun 1. a thin flat piece of food that has been cut off a larger piece • (切下的食物)薄片,片: »a slice of bread 一片麪包 »Cut the meat into thin slices. 把肉切成薄片。 2. (informal) a part or share of sth • 部份；份额: »Our firm is well placed to grab a large slice of the market. 我们公司处境有利,足以获得巨大的市场份额。 3. a kitchenutensil(= tool) that you use to lift and serve pieces of food • 锅铲；(餐桌用)小铲: »a fish slice 煎鱼铲 4. (sport 体) (ingolf,tennis, etc. 高尔夫球、网球等) a stroke that makes the ball spin to one side rather than going straight ahead • 削球；侧旋球；斜切打
【IDIOMS】
◘ a ˌslice of 'life • a film / movie, play or book that gives a very realistic view of ordinary life • 反映现实生活的电影(或戏剧、书) --› more ataction n. --› more atcaken.,pie◙ verb 1. [VN] ~ sth (up) to cut sth into slices • 把…切成(薄)片: »to slice (up) onions 把洋葱切成片 »Slice the cucumber thinly. 把黄瓜切成薄薄的片。 »a sliced loaf 切片麪包 --› see alsosalami slicing 2. [usually +adv. / prep.] to cut sth easily with or as if with a sharp blade • 切；割；划: ▪ [V] »He accidentally sliced through his finger. 他不小心把指头割破了。 »A piece of glass sliced into his shoulder. 一块玻璃划破他的肩膀。 »(figurative) Her speech sliced through all the confusion surrounding the situation. 她一席话把整个事态的一切纷扰剖析得清清楚楚。 ▪ [VN] »The knife sliced his jacket. 那把刀划破了他的上衣。 »(figurative) The ship sliced the water. 船破浪前进。 ▪ [also VN-ADJ] 3. [VN] (sport 体) to hit a ball so that it spins and does not move in the expected direction • 削(球)；斜切打: »He managed to slice a shot over the net. 他设法把球斜切过网。 4. [VN] (ingolf 高尔夫球) to hit the ball so that it flies away in a curve, when you do not mean to • (无意中)打出弧线球 5. [VN] (NAmE, informal) to reduce sth by a large amount • 大幅度削减；大量降低: »The new tax has sliced annual bonuses by 30 percent. 由于征收新税,年度红利减少了 30%。 --› more atwayn.
【PHR V】
◘ ˌslice sth∽'off / a'way ◘ | ˌslice sth 'off sth • to cut sth from a larger piece • 切下；割下: »Slice a piece off. 切下一片。 »(figurative) He sliced two seconds off the world record. 他把世界纪录缩短了两秒。
ap∙ron / ˈeiprən / ◙ noun 1. a piece of clothing worn over the front of the body, from the chest or the waist down, and tied around the waist. Aprons are worn over other clothes to keep them clean, for example when cooking. • 围裙 --› comparepinafore(2) 2. (technical 术语) an area with a hard surface at an airport, where aircraft are turned around, loaded, etc. • (机场的)停机坪 3. (also 'apron stage) (technical 术语) (in a theatre 剧院) the part of the stage that is in front of the curtain • 台口(舞台幕前的部份)
【IDIOMS】
◘ (tied to) sb's apron strings • (too much under) the influence and control of sb • (过分受)某人的影响(或控制): »The British prime minister is too apt to cling to Washington's apron strings. 英国首相对华府过于唯命是从。
chef / ʃef / ◙ noun • a professional cook, especially the most senior cook in a restaurant, hotel, etc. • 厨师；(尤指餐馆、饭店等的)主厨,厨师长
sea∙weed / ˈsi:wi:d / ◙ noun [U, C] • a plant that grows in the sea or ocean, or on rocks at the edge of the sea or ocean. There are many different types of seaweed, some of which are eaten as food. • 海草；海藻
onion / ˈʌnjən / ◙ noun [C, U] • a round vegetable with many layers inside each other and a brown, red or white skin. Onions have a strong smell and flavour. • 洋葱；葱头: »Chop the onions finely. 把洋葱切细。 »French onion soup 法式洋葱汤
pine∙apple / ˈpainæpl / ◙ noun [C, U] • a large tropical fruit with thick rough skin, sweet yellow flesh with a lot of juice and stiff leaves on top • 菠萝；凤梨: »fresh pineapple 新鲜菠萝 »a tin of pineapple chunks 一罐菠萝块 »pineapple juice 菠萝汁
【IDIOMS】
--› seeroughadj.
egg∙plant / ˈeɡplɑ:nt; NAmE -plænt / ◙ noun [C, U] (NAmE) =auberginesea∙shell / ˈsi:ʃel / ◙ noun • the shell of a small creature that lives in the sea, often found empty when the creature has died • 海贝壳
lay∙out / ˈleiaut / ◙ noun [usually sing.] • the way in which the parts of sth such as the page of a book, a garden or a building are arranged • 布局；布置；设计；安排: »the layout of streets 街道的布局 »the magazine's attractive new page layout 杂志诱人而新颖的版面设计
pil∙low / ˈpiləu; NAme -lou / ◙ noun 1. a square orrectangularpiece of cloth filled with soft material, used to rest your head on in bed • 枕头: »She lay back against the pillows. 她半躺半坐靠在枕头上。 »pillow talk (= conversations in bed between lovers) 枕边细语 »He lay back on the grass using his backpack as a pillow. 他用背袋当枕头仰卧在草地上。 2. (NAmE) =cushion n. (1) ◙ verb [VN] • (literary) to rest sth, especially your head, on an object • 枕着(某物): »She lay on the grass, her head pillowed on her arms. 她头枕着胳膊躺在草地上。
dis∙gust∙ing / disˈɡʌstiŋ / ◙ adj. 1. extremely unpleasant • 极糟的；令人不快的 【SYN】revolting: »The kitchen was in a disgusting state when she left. 她离开时厨房里一片狼藉。 »What a disgusting smell! 这味道真难闻！ 2. unacceptable and shocking • 令人厌恶的；令人气愤的 【SYN】despicable,outrageous: »I think it's disgusting that they're closing the local hospital. 他们要关闭这家地方医院,我认为这太让人气愤了。 »His language is disgusting (= he uses a lot of offensive words). 他的言语不堪入耳。
alu∙min∙ium / ˌæljəˈminiəm; ˌælə- / (BrE) (NAmE alu∙mi∙num / əˈlu:minəm / ) ◙ noun [U] • (symb Al) a chemical element. Aluminium is a light, silver-grey metal used for making pans, etc. • 铝: »aluminium saucepans / window frames 铝锅/窗框 »aluminium foil (= for example, for wrapping food in) 铝箔(如用于包裹食物)
spray / sprei / ◙ noun 1. [U, C] very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air, for example by the wind • 浪花；水花；飞沫: »sea spray 海上的浪花 »A cloud of fine spray came up from the waterfall. 飞瀑溅起一片水雾。 »(figurative) a spray of machine-gun bullets 一阵雨点般的机枪扫射 2. [U, C] (especially in compounds 尤用于构成复合词) a substance that is forced out of a container such as anaerosol, in very small drops • 喷剂；喷雾的液体: »a can of insect spray (= used to kill insects) 一罐喷雾杀虫剂 »body spray 喷雾香水 --› see alsohairspray 3. [C] a device or container, for example anaerosol, that you use to apply liquid in fine drops • 喷雾器: »a throat spray 润喉剂喷筒 4. [C] an act of applying liquid to sth in very small drops • 喷雾；液体的喷洒: »I gave the plants a quick spray. 我给这些花草略微喷了喷水。 5. [C] a small branch of a tree or plant, with its leaves and flowers orberries, that you use for decoration • (用作装饰的)小树枝,小花枝 【SYN】sprig 6. [C] an attractive arrangement of flowers or jewellery, that you wear • (戴在身上的)一簇花,枝状饰物: »a spray of orchids 一簇兰花 ◙ verb 1. ~ sth (on / onto / over sb / sth) | ~ sb / sth (with sth) to cover sb / sth with very small drops of a liquid that are forced out of a container or sent through the air • 喷；喷洒；向…喷洒: ▪ [VN] »Spray the conditioner onto your wet hair. 往你的湿头发上喷些护发素。 »The crops are regularly sprayed with pesticide. 庄稼定期喷洒杀虫剂。 ▪ [VN-ADJ] »She's had the car sprayed blue. 她让人把汽车喷成了蓝色。 ▪ [V] »Champagne sprayed everywhere. 香槟酒喷得到处都是。 2. ~ sb / sth (with sth) to cover sb / sth with a lot of small things with a lot of force • 向…扫射(或抛洒)；往…上撒: ▪ [VN] »The gunman sprayed the building with bullets. 持枪歹徒向那座房子扫射。 ▪ [V] »Pieces of glass sprayed all over the room. 屋里到处落满了玻璃碎片。 3. [V] (especially of a male cat 尤指雄猫) to leave small amounts ofurineto mark its own area • 撒尿(以示领地占有)
paint∙brush / ˈpeintbrʌʃ / ◙ noun • a brush that is used for painting • 画笔；漆刷
tin / tin / ◙ noun 1. [U] (symb Sn) a chemical element. Tin is a soft silver-white metal that is often mixed with other metals or used to cover them to prevent them fromrusting. • 锡: »a tin mine 锡矿 »a tin box 锡盒 2. [C] (also ˌtin 'can) (both BrE) (also can NAmE, BrE) ~ (of sth) a metal container in which food and drink is sold; the contents of six of these containers • 罐；罐头盒；罐头: »a tin of beans 一罐青豆 »Next, add ten tins of tomatoes. 然后,加两罐番茄。 3. [C] (BrE) (also can NAmE, BrE) ~ (of sth) a metal container with a lid, in the shape of acylinder, in which paint, glue, etc. is sold and stored; the contents of six of these containers • (盛涂料、胶水等的)马口铁罐,白铁桶；罐装物: »a tin of varnish 一罐清漆 »The bedroom needed seven tins of paint (= in order to paint it). 卧室用了三桶涂料。 4. [C] a metal container with a lid used for keeping food in • 金属食品盒: »a biscuit / cake / cookie tin 饼干/蛋糕/曲奇饼盒 5. [C] (BrE) (NAmEpan) a metal container used for cooking food in • 烘焙用的金属器皿；烤盘；烤模: »a cake tin 蛋糕烤盘
【IDIOMS】
◘ (it) does (eˌxactly) what it says on the 'tin • (informal, saying) used to say that sth is as good or effective as it claims to be, or that it really does what it claims to do. ðhis expression is especially used when you are comparing publicity and advertisements with actual products. • (尤用于比较广告宣传和实际产品)和所说的一样好,名副其实: »I paid £150 for this camera and am more than happy with it. It does exactly what it says on the tin! 我花 150 英镑买了这架照相机,真是十分令人满意。它和广告所说的别无二致！ DIP / ˌdi: ai ˈpi: / ◙ noun [U] • (computing 计) a system in which documents are treated as images (the abbreviation for 'document image processing') • 文档图像处理系统(全写为 document image processing)
dip / dip / ◙ verb (-pp-) 1. [VN] ~ sth (into sth) | ~ sth (in) to put sth quickly into a liquid and take it out again • 蘸；浸: »He dipped the brush into the paint. 他拿画笔蘸了蘸颜料。 »Dip your hand in to see how hot the water is. 把手伸进去看看水有多热。 »The fruit had been dipped in chocolate. 这水果用巧克力酱浸泡过。 2. [usually +adv. / prep.] to go downwards or to a lower level; to make sth do this • (使)下降,下沉 【SYN】fall: ▪ [V] »The sun dipped below the horizon. 太阳落到地平线下了。 »Sales for this quarter have dipped from 38.7 million to 33 million. 本季度销售额从 3 870 万下降到 3 300 万。 »The road dipped suddenly as we approached the town. 我们向城里驶近时道路陡然下斜。 ▪ [VN] »The plane dipped its wings. 机翼向下倾斜。 3. [VN] (BrE) if you dip yourheadlightswhen driving a car at night, you make the light from them point down so that other drivers do not have the light in their eyes • 把(汽车前灯的)远光调为近光 4. [VN] when farmers dip animals, especially sheep, they put them in a bath of a liquid containing chemicals in order to kill insects, etc. • 给(牲畜,尤指绵羊)洗药浴
【IDIOMS】
◘ dip into your 'pocket •(informal) to spend some of your own money on sth • 花钱；掏腰包 ◘ dip a 'toe in / into sth | ◘ dip a 'toe in / into the water •(informal) to start doing sth very carefully to see if it will be successful or not • 涉足试试；试做
【PHR V】
◘ ˌdip 'into sth 1. to put your hand into a container to take sth out • 把手伸进(…里取东西): »She dipped into her purse and took out some coins. 她从钱包里掏出一些硬币。 2. to read or watch only parts of sth • 浏览；略为过目；涉猎: »I have only had time to dip into the report. 这份报告我来不及细看,只是草草浏览了一遍。 3. to take an amount from money that you have saved • 提取(款项)；动用(存款): »We took out a loan for the car because we didn't want to dip into our savings. 因为不想动用存款,我们申请了一笔贷款买汽车。 ◙ noun 1. [C] (informal) a quick swim • 游一游；泡一泡: »Let's go for a dip before breakfast. 我们早饭前去游一会儿泳吧。 2. [C] a decrease in the amount or success of sth, usually for only a short period • (通常指暂时的)减少,下降,衰退 【SYN】fall: »a sharp dip in profits 利润急剧下降 3. [C] a place where a surface suddenly drops to a lower level and then rises again • 凹陷处；低洼处: »a dip in the road 路上的凹陷处 »Puddles had formed in the dips. 低洼处形成了一个个水坑。 4. [C, U] a thick mixture into which pieces of food aredippedbefore being eaten • 调味酱(用来蘸食物吃) 5. [U, C] a liquid containing a chemical into which sheep and other animals can bedippedin order to kill insects on them • 药浴液,清洗液(用于绵羊或其他牲畜洗浴以杀死身上的虫子) 6. [sing.] ~ into sth a quick look at sth • 浏览；草草翻阅: »A brief dip into history serves to confirm this view. 随便翻阅一下历史就足以证实这种观点。 7. [C, usually sing.] a quick movement of sth down and up • (降而复升的)一动: »He gave a dip of his head. 他点了点头。 --› see alsolucky dipwrin∙kle / ˈriŋkl / ◙ noun 1. a line or small fold in your skin, especially on your face, that forms as you get older • (尤指脸上的)皱纹: »There were fine wrinkles around her eyes. 她眼角上出现了鱼尾纹。 2. [usually pl.] a small fold that you do not want in a piece of cloth or paper • (布或纸上的)皱褶,皱痕 【SYN】crease◙ verb 1. ~ (sth) (up) to make the skin on your face form into lines or folds; to form lines or folds in this way • (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起: ▪ [VN] »She wrinkled up her nose in distaste. 她厌恶地皱起鼻子。 »He wrinkled his brow in concentration. 他全神贯注地锁紧眉头。 ▪ [V] »His face wrinkled in a grin. 他咧嘴一笑满脸都是皱纹。 2. to form raised folds or lines in an untidy way; to make sth do this • (使)起皱褶: ▪ [V] »Her stockings were wrinkling at the knees. 她长袜的膝盖处起了皱褶。 ▪ [also VN]